Drugs and testing Flashcards

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1
Q

What are drugs ?

A

Substances which affect the way the body works

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2
Q

4 Characteristics of good medical drug ?

A

Side effects - try to avoid serious side effects and weigh them up compared to the benefits

Efficiency - need to know how well the drug works

Cost / price - Try to make the drug affordable

Administration - Easy to take

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3
Q

How much does it cost and how long does it take to develop new therapeutic drugs ?

A

Can cost Billions of £

10 - 15 years

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4
Q

Why drugs tested on animals ?

A

To avoid killing / harming humans

Animals are similarly structured to humans

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5
Q

What are the issues with animal testing ?

A

Animal welfare - the effect of drugs on the animals

Not the same as humans - Might respond different to the drug

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6
Q

3 Reasons to carry out human drug testing ?

A

Side effects - Clinical tests enable drug companies to identify any side effects and how serious they are

Efficiency - these tests allow drug companies to work out how well a drug works in humans

Working out the dose - Testing allows drug companies to work out how much of a drug is needed

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7
Q

What is a double blind test ?

A

Neither the patient nor the doctors know if they’re taking the actual drug

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8
Q

What is a placebo ?

A

A fake pill / medicine which contains no useful substances

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9
Q

Why do drug test need to be double blind ?

A

This prevents the test to be bias and helps to account for the placebo effect in the patients

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10
Q

What was the serious side effect of Thalidomide ?

A

A drug used to treat morning side effects in pregnant women

But it also resulted in severe birth defects

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11
Q

What are prescribed drugs ?

A

Drugs which can only be bought with a doctors recommendation

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12
Q

Why can non prescribed drugs be dangerous ?

A

Reactions with the drug

People might respond badly to the drug

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13
Q

What is the effectiveness of the John’s wort flower ?

A

Natural remedy for depression and inflammation

Hard to work out dosages

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