hiv pharm

Question 1

ART

Answer 1

6 classes
most common treatment plan = dual nucleoside and 3rd agent from another class (3 drugs)
basically all work by decreasing replication and viral load and giving immune system a chance to recover and make more CD4 cells

Question 2

entry blockers

Answer 2

block entry to cell
fusion inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists

Question 3

enzyme inhibitors

Answer 3

nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
protease inhibitors
integrase inhibitors

Question 4

NRTIs

Answer 4

given in pairs with other NTRIs most commonly
moa: inhibit reverse transcriptase thus blocking HIV retrovirus ability to incorporate its RNA into the host cells DNA
most common SE: peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, lipoatriphy, hepatic steatosis
blackbox: lactic acidosis S (monitor levels)
not many drug interactions but cumbersome

Question 5

ART principles

Answer 5

start ASAP after diagnosis
goal = decrease viral load to undetectable level
treatment guided by CD4 count, viral load, and pt preferences

Question 6

prep

Answer 6

pre-exposure prophylaxis
use of antiretroviral meds
detailed sexual and drug use hx to determine risk
determine potential barriers
condom use
can reduce risk of transmission by 90%+

Question 7

pep

Answer 7

post exposure prophylaxis
recommendations based on exposure and barriers
treatments for non occupational and healthcare professionals
include ART for 28 days
HIV testing at 6 and 12 weeks after exposure