Historic Encounters: Anti-Semitism and Zionism

Question 1

By the___century, when Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire, Jews were regarded as aliens.

Answer 1

4th

Question 2

What was the sufferings of Jews to see as?

Answer 2

An example of consequences oft accepting Jesus as messiah.

Question 3

Why is the term “anti-Semitism” a misnomer?

Answer 3

It implies a discrimination against all Semites. Arabs and other peoples are also Semites, and yet they are not the targets of anti-Semitism as it is usually understood

Question 4

Who are the main target of anti-semitism?

Answer 4

jews

Question 5

When were Jews in Western moved out of the - ghetto? What resulted (2 things)?

Answer 5

• in the 19th century, after the Enlightenment
• they began to participate more fully in the culture and society around them
• but debate arose over what came to be known as the “Jewish question”

Question 6

What is the Jewish Question?

Answer 6

• it was a neutral expression used in discussion about Jewish emancipation in a wider society

Question 7

What did German Protestant theologian, Bruno Bauer, claim about Jews in 1843?

Answer 7

that they were plotting, as a group, against the rest of the world.

Question 8

Why were Jews to blame for the hostility they encountered?

Answer 8

Because they refused to relinquish their ancestral culture.

Question 9

How was the Jewish Question used in anti-Semitic movements?

Answer 9

Culminated in various solutions, among others, was the Nazi’s Final Solution to the Jewish Question

Question 10

What old stigma exacerbated the hostility towards Jews?

Answer 10

that Jews were Christ killer

Question 11

Who said the following: “We are at fault for not slang them…we allow them to live freely in our midst despite their murder, cursing, blaspheming, lying and defaming.”

Answer 11

Martin Luther

Question 12

What did Enlightenment thinkers blame the Jews for?

Answer 12

The advent of Christianity and for the injustices and cruel committed by Christians.

Question 13

What 3 major changes was European society undergoing in the second half of the 19th century?

Answer 13

1) competition among nations increased
2) workers were beginning to demand more rights and better living and working conditions
3) nationalism and racism added to the tension culminated in WWI

Question 14

How was anti-semitism used as a political tool?

Answer 14

• facing division and anxiety, politicians in Europe used opposition to Jews to unify disparate groups in society
• In Central and Western Europe political parties from across the spectrum exploited people’s anxiety to gain votes and popular support

Question 15

What were Jews said to be undersizing of?

Answer 15

The benefit of emancipation

Question 16

Marxism, Liberalism, Communism, Capitalism blamed___for the economic downturn.

Answer 16

jews

Question 17

What did anti-semitism become inGermany and Austria?

Answer 17

An organized movement with its own political parties.

Question 18

When did Karl Lueger win the mayoralty of Vienna with his anti-Semitic campaigns?

Answer 18

the 1890s

Question 19

What were some statements made that were quite damaging and caused anxiety among Jews?

Answer 19

“don’t buy from Jews” “Jews are everywhere”

Question 20

Jew were openly___and___in cartoons, posters, pamphlet all over Europe.

Answer 20

• derided

- caricatured

Question 21

What was the central differences between anti-Judaism of the ancient world and the anti-Semitism of the modern world?

Answer 21

the racial dimension associated with the latter.

Question 22

In the modern world, Jew were publicly attacked for being racially___.

Answer 22

other

Question 23

In the ancient times, anti-Jewish actions focused on the distinctive___practice(___) and ___of the Jews.

Answer 23

• religious
• Judaism
• custom

Question 24

What is the dreyfus affair?

Answer 24

• Alfred Dreyfus was a Jewish army officer who was falsely accused of spying for Germany
• His case came to be known as the “Dreyfus Affair” since it was motivated by overt antisemitism

Question 25

What motivated French anti-Semitism?

Answer 25

• the decline in politics, hostility toward changes brought about by the revolution, and the nostalgia for strong monarchy

Question 26

When were Jews granted legal equality?

Answer 26

1791

Question 27

What was anti-semitism in Russia?

Answer 27

• the state did not initiate popular persecution (pogroms), but neither did it initiate to stop it
• in Russia, Jews became the target of anti-Semitism led by the state and church leaders
• Jews were labelled non-Russian and the enemy of christianity

Question 28

What is the Protocol of the Elder of Zion

Answer 28

A fabricated work that claimed that Jews has discussed a place for global domination. the book is widely circulated. Henry Ford is known to have funded the publication

Question 29

When was the Russian legacy of anti-Semitism, the Protocol of the Elders of Zion, written?

Answer 29

At the beginning of the anti-Jewish pogroms in Russia, after which thousands of Jews died or fled the country.

Question 30

What are pogroms?

Answer 30

Public persecution (Russian word)

Question 31

What triggered the movement Zionism?

Answer 31

continuous persecution and the growing political and radical anti-Semitism

Question 32

What is Zionism?

Answer 32

Zionism is a European ideology of Jewish nationalism that sought to establish a Jewish state.

Question 33

What is the purpose of the Jewish state?

Answer 33

to redeem the persecuted Eastern European Jews

Question 34

What is an ethnic y-product of the rise of modern nationalism in the mi of the 19th century?

Answer 34

Zionism

Question 35

What does the name “Zion” refer to?

Answer 35

A hilltop in Jerusalem, known today as the Temple Mount. The name also refers to the land of Jerusalem,the people, and their religious an apolitical tradition.

Question 36

Who first introduced the idea of Zionism as a political movement?

Answer 36

by Austro-Hungarian journalist, Theodor Herzl in 1897

Question 37

What did Herzl argue in his book “Der Judenstaat”?

Answer 37

The necessity of establishing an independent state for Jews as a means to end anti-Semitism