histopathology Flashcards
1
Q
what kind of epithelium is in the trachea
A
pseudostratified
columnar epithelium cilliated
2
Q
does the trachea contain cartilage
A
yes
3
Q
does trachea contain sub epithelial glands
A
yes
4
Q
does trachea contain goblet cells
A
yes
5
Q
does trachea contain cillia
A
yes
6
Q
does trachea contain smooth muscle
A
yes
7
Q
does trachea contain elastic fibres
A
yes
8
Q
what kind of epithelium do primary bronchi have
A
cilliated pseudostratified columnar
9
Q
what kind of epithelium do secondary bronchi have (lobar
A
ciliated
pseudostratified
columnar
10
Q
what kind of epithelium do tertiary bronchi have (segmental)
A
cilliated
pseudostratified
columnar
11
Q
do primary bronchi have sub epithelial glands
A
yes
12
Q
do primary bronchi have cillia
A
yes
13
Q
do primary bronchi have smooth muscle
A
yes
14
Q
do primary bronchi have elastic fibres
A
yes
15
Q
do primary bronchi have goblet cells
A
yes
16
Q
do primary bronchi have cartilage
A
yes
17
Q
what features does the trachea have
A
cilliated
columnar
pseudostratified epithelium
sub epithelial glands
goblet cells
elastic fibres
cartilage
smooth muscle
cillia
18
Q
what features do primary bronchi have
A
pseudostratified
columnar
ciliated epithelium
sub epithelial glands
cartilage
goblet cells
elastic fibres
smooth muscle
cillia
19
Q
do secondary bronchi (lobar) have cartilage
A
yes
20
Q
do secondary bronchi (lobar) have sub epithelial glands
A
yes
21
Q
do secondary bronchi have goblet cells
A
yes
22
Q
do secondary bronchi have elastic fibres
A
yes
23
Q
do secondary bronchi have smooth muscle
A
yes
24
Q
do secondary bronchi have cillia
A
yes
25
what features do secondary bronchi have
pseudostratified
columnar
cilliated epithelium
sub epithelial glands
cartilage
elastic fibres
smooth muscle
goblet cells
cillia
26
do tertiary bronchi (segmental) have sub epithelial glands
yes
27
do tertiary bronchi (segmental) have elastic fibres
yes
28
do tertiary bronchi have smooth muscle
yes
29
do tertiary bronchi (segmental) have cillia
yes
30
do tertiary bronchi (segmental) have cartilage
yes
31
do tertiary bronchi (segmental) have goblet cells
yes
32
what features do tertiary bronchi (segmental) have
goblet cells
cartilage
pseudostratified, columnar, cilliated epithelium
smooth muscle
elastic fibres
cillia
sub epithelial glands
33
what epithelium do bronchioles have
cilliated
pseudostratified
columnar/cilliated
34
do bronchioles have sub epithelial glands
no
35
do bronchioles have cartilage
no
36
do bronchioles have goblet cells
yes
37
do bronchioles have smooth muscle
yes
38
do bonchioles have cillia
yes
39
do bronchioles have elastic fibre
yes
40
what are features of bronchioles
pseudostratified, columnar/cilliated epithelium
no cartilage
no sub epithelial glands
has goblet cells
has smooth muscle
has cillia
has elastic fibres
41
what epithelium types do terminal bronchioles have
simple cuboidal
42
do terminal bronchioles have cartilage
no
43
do terminal bronchioles have sub epithelial glands
no
44
do terminal bronchioles have goblet cells
only in smokers
45
do terminal bronchioles have cillia
yes
46
do terminal bronchioles have smooth muscle
yes
47
do terminalbronchioles have elastic fibres
yes
48
what features do terminal bronchioles have
simple cuboidal epithelium
no cartilage
no sub epithelial glands
only smokers have goblet cells in terminal bronchioles
contains smooth muscle
contains cillia
contains elastic fibres
49
what type of epithelium do respiratory bronchioles have
simple cuboidal
50
do respiratory bronchioles have cartilage
no
51
do respiratory bronchioles have sub epithelial glands
no
52
do respiratory bronchioles have goblet cells
no
53
do respiratory bronchioles have cillia
yes
54
do respiratory bronchioles have smooth muscle
yes
55
do respiratory bronchioles have elastic fibres
yes
56
what are the features of respiratory bronchioles
simple cuboidal epithelium
no goblet cells
no cartilage
no sub epithelial glands
contains cillia
contains smooth muscle
contains elastic fibres
57
what kind of epithelium do alveolar ducts have
simple squamous
58
do alveolar ducts have sub epithelial glands goblet cells cartilage or cillia
no
59
do alveolar ducts have smooth muscle
yes
60
do alveolar ducts have elastic fibres
yes
61
what are features of alveolar ducts
simple squamous epithelium
no cartilage
no cillia
no sub epithelial glands
no goblet cells
elastic fibres
smooth muscle
62
what kind of epithelium do alveolar sacs have
simple squamous
63
what type of epithelium do alveoli have
simple squamous
64
what is the only feature of alveolar sacs
elastic fibres
65
what is the only feature of alveoli
elastic fibres
66
what is the airway structure hierarchy
trachea
main bronchi primary bronchi left and right bronchus
secondary bronchi- lobar
tertiary bronchi segmental
bronchioles
terminal bronchioles
respiratory bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveolar sacs
alveoli
67
what two types of cells does pseudostratified epithelium contain
goblet cells
cilliated cells ( have fine projections that go into the lumen)
68
what layers do the bronchi contain
pseudostratified epithelium
basement membrane
lamina popria-elastic tissue
muscularis mucosa (smooth muscle)
submucosa with glands
cartilage with chondrocytes
69
how do you distinguish between a gland and venule
venules will have simple squamous epithelium whereas glands will have simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium
70
the tertiary bronchus (segmental) has little cartilage associated with it, no sub epithelial glands and goblet cells only in smokers
what kind of epithelium do they have
pseudostratified, columnar cilliated
71
what three tracts can the lamina popria be found in
respiratory tract
urogenital tract
gastrointestinal tract
72
what is the purpose of lamina popria
layer of connective tissue found underneath epithelial layers in mucous membranes
provides a site for immune response and supports overlying epithelium
73
what does the lamina popria contain
blood vessels
nerve endings
immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages)
ground substance and ECM
74
describe the bronchiole
epithelium is still cilliated, pseudostratified or columnar
no cartilage or supepithelial glands
cillia are still present but harder to see
little to none lamina popria
75
what two features does the alveolar duct contain
elastic fibres
smooth muscle
76
what is the verhoeff stain
stains elastin black
77
describe type 1 alveolar cells (type 1 pneumocytes)
small, flat dense nucleus
endothelial cells and fibroblasts
extensive but very thin cytoplasmic processes that act as part of the gaseous diffusion barrier
78
describe type 2 pneumocytes
large in size
have large plump nuclei
make surfactant and can differentiate into type 1 cells if alveoli become damaged
79
what is the single feature of alveoli
elastic fibres in alveolar wall
and alveolar macrophages are in this area
80
test question
what are the layers in the bronchus wall
pseudostratified columnar cilliated epithelium
sub epithelial glands
smooth muscle (muscularis mucosa)
elastic fibres
lamina popria
cartilage that contains chondrocytes
basement membrane
81
how can you distinguish beween a gland and a venule
venules should have simple squamous epithelium whereas glands should have simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium
82
what changes occur when you get to the tertiary bronchus
little cartilage
no obvious goblet cells
83
what changes occur at the bronchioles
no cartilage
no sub epithelial glands
cillia are harder to see
little lamina popria
epithelium is now more simple cuboidal than pseudostratified
84
