Histopathology Flashcards
What does a histopathologist do?
Studies tissues.
What does a cytopathologist do?
Studies cells.
What specimens may a histopathologist deal with?
Biopsies, resection specimens, frozen sections and post mortems.
How is a biopsy prepared?
Tissue sample is preserved in formalin with cross linking proteins (tissue fixation). It is then embedded in paraffin wax. Cut by microtome. Sample mounted on microscope slide and analysed.
What are resection specimens and what are they used for?
Resection are taken from tissues removed in surgery. Used to look at the stage of disease.
What are frozen sections? Advantages of frozen sections?
Taken during surgical procedures and examined in real time during operation. Provides quick diagnosis - 30 mins.
How are frozen sections prepared?
Fresh tissue is frozen by a cryostat, cut, mounted on slides and stained.
What tissue sample takes the longest to get a result from the histopathology lab?
Resection specimens. 5-7 days
How long do biopsies take to get a result from the histopathology lab?
2-3 days.
How is a fine needle aspirate performed?
Fine needle and syringe is used to take cells.
Pros and cons of a fine needle aspirate?
Can penetrate inaccessible tissues. No information on tissue architecture.
What are antibody conjugates?
Addition of molecules to Fc region of antibody.
4 types on antibody conjugates?
Enzymes, fluorescent probes, magnetic beads, drugs.
Use of fluorescent probe antibody conjugate?
Rapid measurement of levels of molecules in a sample.
Use of magnetic bead antibody conjugate?
Purify cell types.
