Histology: Special Senses

Question 1

The outer sceleral layer of the eye, _______, is made up of _____, and is continuous with the _____

Answer 1

tenon’s capsule

dense irrgula connective tissue

corneal layer

Question 2

labell A-E

Answer 2

A: epithelium

B: bowmans membrane

C/D: corneal stroma

E: Descemet’s membrane

Question 3

What is the corneal matrix made of?

Answer 3

fibroblasts that are imbedded in a collagen glycoportein matrix

Question 4

What is the function of the endothelial layer of the cornea?

Answer 4

it has ion transport activity and so it keeps the cornea dehydrated and prevents water logging. this layer has a low capacity to regernrate

Question 5

why doesnt the eye dry out?

Answer 5

there is a lipid layer on the top to prevent evaporation of water

Question 6

What layer of the eye is this?

Answer 6

Uveal (chorioid) because of all the vasculature. it is made up of loose connective tissue, fibroblasts, macrophages, malanocytes,

Question 7

what are the three layers of the eye?

Answer 7

scleral/corneal layer, vascular layer (choroid), and the retina

Question 8

the ciliary bodies are lined by two______. one layer is an extension of the ______, and the other is an extension of the _______

Answer 8

cuboidal/columnar epithelial cell layers

posterior retinal layer

deeper pigmented epithelial layer

Question 9

the aqueous humor is produced by the _____ and flows from _____ to ____, and is drained at the ____ by the

Answer 9

non pigmented layer of the ciliary body

posterior

anterior

limbus

trabecular meshwork

Question 10

a blockage of aqueous humor drainage results in _____

Answer 10

gluacoma, increase in intraocular pressure

Question 11

what are the red and purple arrows pointing to?

Answer 11

Red: trabecular meshwork

Purple: canal of schlemm

Question 12

what are the two muscles in the iris?

Answer 12

dilator pupillae muscle, and spinchter pupillae muscle

Question 14

label A-F

Answer 14

A: dilatory pupil muscle

B: sphicnter pupil muscle

C: sphincter muscle contracted

D: relaxed radial muscle

E: sphinter muscle relaxed

F: radial muscles contracted

Question 15

the sphincter/contsrictior muscle near the middle of the pupil is ______. the dilator muscle is farther out and it is _____

Answer 15

thick

thinner (myoepethilium)

Question 16

formation of the lens fibers involves the descruction of ____ via _____

Answer 16

internal cell organelles

arrested apoptosis

Question 17

what are the different cell types in the retina?

Answer 17

rods, cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, muler glia, astrocytes, microglia, retinal pigmented epithelium

Question 18

label the retinal layers

Answer 18

from top to bottom: Inner limiting membrane, optic nerve fibers, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, outer nucelar layer, outer limiting membrane, photoreceptor layer, retinal pigmented epithelium

Question 19

what are some functions of the retinal pigmented epithelium?

Answer 19

secretion, phagocytosis, transport, light abroption

Question 20

what causes retinal detachment?

Answer 20

the junction between the pigmented epithelium and the external segmemtns of the photoreceptor cells is weak.

Question 21

what are the two sources of blood to the retina?

Answer 21

the choroid, and the retinal veinand artery system

Question 22

at the optic papillae, the ______ penetrates the retinal layer and leaves the eye, and the _____ enters and exits

Answer 22

optic nerve

retinal blood supply

Question 23

difference between rods and cones

Answer 23

rods are good for low light and light sensitivitty

cones are good for color and spatial resolution

Question 24

the primate fovea contains mostly _____ cells

Answer 24

cone

Question 25

the apocrine sweat glands in the eye are called____ and they secrete ____

Answer 25

glands of moll

immunoglobulins and antibacterials

Question 26

what do the lacrimal glands in the eye do?

Answer 26

they produce water for tears, serous fluid

Question 27

what do sebaceous glands in the eye do?

Answer 27

they produce oil for tears