Histology practical Semester 2

Question 1

epithelium surrounding the thyroid follicle

Answer 1

simple cuboidal
single layer of cells
nucleus is basophilic and round

Question 2

what is stored in the thyroid follicle and the function

Answer 2

filled with colloid
consists of thyroglobulin
inactive glycoprotein compound for storage of thyroid hormones

Question 3

which cells in the thyroid gland secrete calcitonin and function of calcitonin

Answer 3

parafollicular or C cells
inhibits osteoclastic activity by transferring calcium from blood to bone when there is an increase in serum calcium levels

Question 4

what is in the image ad describe the staining

Answer 4

thyroid gland
colloid is composed of protein and eosin stains proteins pink
nucleus stains purple with hematoxylin as it is basophilic

Question 5

what is in the image and which direction has the section been cut

Answer 5

skeletal/ striated muscle
transversely

Question 6

describe the nuclei in skeletal muscle

Answer 6

peripherally located
multiple nuclei

Question 7

key identification features of skeletal muscle

Answer 7

striations
peripherally located multi nuclei
unbranched

Question 8

functions of skeletal muscle

Answer 8

movement
maintains body posture
stabilises joints

Question 9

what is in the image and label the plane it has been taken from

Answer 9

smooth

Question 10

2 key characteristics of smooth muscle

Answer 10

no striations
spindle/fusiform shaped cell with tapered ends
centrally located single nucleus

Question 11

what does smooth muscle not have that other muscle types have

Answer 11

no striations

Question 12

cell types found in compact bone

Answer 12

osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts

Question 13

which space the osteon do mature bone cells occupy

Answer 13

lacunae

Question 14

how do mature bone cells communicate

Answer 14

canaliculi

Question 15

label the image of the bone

Answer 15

Question 16

what is in the image

Answer 16

white adipocyte tissue

Question 17

what structure separates the adipocytes

Answer 17

connective tissue septa

Question 18

characteristics of adipose tissue

Answer 18

single, large lipid droplet lost during tissue processing
crescent shaped nucleus that is flattened to the periphery

Question 19

where would you find white adipose tissue, any functions

Answer 19

dermis and hypodermis of the skin
surrounding organs
acts as an energy storage

Question 20

what is the secretory unit of the exocrine pancreas, which duct secretes the contents and what is the function of secretion

Answer 20

pancreatic acinus
digestive enzymes released into the pancreatic duct
eventually open and empty into the 2nd part of the duodenum via the hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 21

endocrine portion of the pancreas and the different cell types present, why does the endocrine part stain lighter

Answer 21

islets of langerhans
alpha beta and delta cels
lighter as it has less rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

what is in the image

Answer 22

pancreas

Question 23

cells in hyaline cartilage

Answer 23

chondrocytes

Question 24

what is the layer of the outer surface of cartilage

Answer 24

perichondrium

Question 25

when is the perichondrium absent

Answer 25

fibrocartilage
articular surfaces of bone

Question 26

what is in the image

Answer 26

cortex of the kidney

Question 27

on a slide of the cortex of the kidney, what stains purple

Answer 27

glomeruli

Question 28

what surrounds the glomeruli and what is its function

Answer 28

Bowmans capsule
glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood form the glomerular capillaries