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Anat & Phys > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

4 Main Tissue Types

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous

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2
Q

Defining Characteristics of Muscle Tissue

A

Ability to contract

3 Subtypes - Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth

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3
Q

3 Subtypes of Muscle Tissue

A

Skeletal Muscle - Voluntary
DC - Multinucleated

Cardiac Muscle - Involuntary
DC - Intercalated Discs

Smooth Muscle - Involuntary
DC - No Striations

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4
Q

Nervous Tissue Defining Characteristic

A

Abiltiy to send and recieve nervous impulses

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5
Q

Subtypes of Nervous Tissue

A

Neurons - Send and Recieve nervous impulses
Neuroglia - Protect, nourish, and support neurons

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6
Q

Epitheleal tissue defining characteristics

A

Very Little ECM
Free Surface
Basement Membrane
No blood Vessels
(Regeneration)?

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7
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A

Single Layer of flat cells
Common functions include diffusion and filtration
Air sacs of lungs, lines blood vessels, and kidney tubules

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8
Q

Stratified Squamous

A

Many layers with cuboidal or columnar cells at basement membrane that become flattened at the surface
Protects from abrasion and infection
Skin, cornea, mouth, throat, anus, vagina

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9
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

Functions in secretion and absorbtion
Mostly in kidney tubules
Found in kidney tubules, glands, choroir plexus, terminal bronchioles, and ovaries

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10
Q

Simple Columnar

A

Sometimes have cillia or microvilli
function in secretion, absorbtion, and movement of mucus
Found in linging of stamach, intestines, glands, bronchioles, suditory tubes, uterus, and uterine tubes

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11
Q

Psuedostratified Ciliated Coumnar Epithelium

A

Looks Stratified but isn’t
Nuclei are at different levels
Function in movement of mucus or fluids
Lining of nasal cavity, sinuses, auditory tubes, pharynx, traches, and bronchi

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12
Q

Transitional Epithelium

A

Stratified Cells - appear uboidal when relaxed, squamous when stretched
Special tissue ot allow for the fluctuations of teh urinary system
Found in Urinary Bladder, ureters, and superior urethra

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13
Q

Epithelial Cell Connections

A

Tight Junctions
Desmosomes
Gap Junctions

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14
Q

Tight Junctions

A

Bind adjacent cells forming permeability barrier

Prevents Passage between cells

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15
Q

Desmosomes

A

Mechanical (protein) links; often in stratified squamous

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16
Q

Gap Junctions

A

Channels between cells that allow material (Small molecules or ions) to pass easily

17
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Primary Characteristic - Large ECM
Function - joins tissues together, provides support, stores energy, and transports materials

18
Q

ECM Components

A

Protein Fibers
Ground Substances
Fluid

19
Q

Protein Fibers

A

Collagen Fibers
Rope-Like
Reticular Fibers
String-like; fine, short collagen fibers
Elastic Fibers
Coiled: Re-coil to original shape

20
Q

Connective Tissue Cell Types

A

Blasts
Build Tissue
Cytes
Maintain Tissues
Clasts
Break Down Tissues

21
Q

Dense Connective Tissue

A

Collagen fiber matrix
Able to withstand great pulling forces
When collagen fibers run in same direction: tendons and ligaments
When collagen fibers run in all directions: dermis and organ capsules

22
Q

Loose Connective Tissue

A.K.A. - Areolar Tissue

A

ECM - Network of collagen fibers and more fluid
Function - loose packing, support, and nourishment for sorrounding tissue
Most epithelial tissue rests on this hypodermis

23
Q

Adipose

A

Very little ECM
Cells full of lipids
Function - energy storage, packing, protection, and insulation
Found under skin, organs, breasts, and bone cavities

24
Q

Catilage

A

Solid ECM
Composed of fiber and ground substances
Three Types
Hyaline, Fibrocartilage, and elastic

25
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Support; provide a smooth surface; bone growth
Ribs, traches, nasal, and epiphyseal plates

26
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Withstand pressure
Between Vertebrae, pubic symphysis, and discs between bones

27
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Returns to original shape
External ear

28
Q

Bone

A

Hard Mineralized ECM
Provides strength, suppor, and protection
Found in all bones of the body

29
Q

Blood

A

Large Fluid ECM
Transports Nutrients, waste products, and others
Protects from infection
Temperature regulation

Anat & Phys (14 decks)

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