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Oncology Boards > Histiocytic Diseases > Flashcards

Histiocytic Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What IHC markers can be used to identify macrophages? (histiocytic review)

A

CD11b, CD18, CD14, CD68

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2
Q

What was the PFS and OST for dogs with primary pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma treated with either chemo therapy or surgery + chemo? (Marlowe VCO 2018)

A

Chemo: PFS 91d, OST 131d

Sx + Chemo: PFS 276d, OST 374d

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3
Q

What was the prognosis for dogs with solitary cutaneous histiocytomas with LN mets? (Faller JSAP 2016)

A

No median survival provided, but long survivals possibly, some dogs had spontaneous regression of primary and metastatic lesions

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4
Q

What was the MST for dogs with HS involving the CNS? What breeds were overrrepresented? (Mariani JVIM 2015)

A

MST 3d

Breeds: retrievers (labs and goldens), Pembroke Welsh Corgos

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5
Q

What was the MST for pembroke welsh corgos treated with sx+chemo or chemo alone? (Kagawa J Vet Med Sci 2015)

A

MST 133d, no difference based on tx type

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6
Q

What was the MST for periarticular HS (treated with a variety of local/systemic therapies) vs. non-PAHS in dogs? What about MST for PAHS w/o vs. w/ mets? (Klahn JAVMA 2011)

A

PAHS MST 391d vs. other HS 128d

PAHS w/o mets 980d, w/ mets 253d

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7
Q

What IHC marker was expressed in all canine HS but not other round cell tumors? (Kato J Comp Path 2013)

A

All HS CD204+

All HS also CD18+ and MHCII + but these were variable in other round cell tumors, too

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8
Q

CD204 is what?

A

Class A macrophage scavenger receptor

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9
Q

What marker is used to characterize hemophagocytic HS? What other markers is it usually positive for? (Moore vet path 2006)

A

CD11d+

Also MHC class II and CD 18+ b/c tumors arise from splenic red pulp or bone marrow

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10
Q

What were common clin path findings in dogs with hemophagocytic HS? (Moore Vet Path 2006)

A

Coombs negative anemia (94%)

thrombocytopenia (88%)

Hypoalbuminemia (94%)

Hypocholesterolemia (69%)

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11
Q

What cells do cutaneous histiocytomas arise from?

A

Langerhans cells

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12
Q

What bree is overrepresented for langerhans cell histiocytosis? what is the usual clinical course?

A

Shar Peis

lesions can regress but about 50% of dogs usually euth because of lcak of reqgression + ulcerative lesions

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13
Q

What is the rate of mets to the local LN for localized HS?

A

60%

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14
Q

What is the general prognosis for localized periarticular HS? What about if it is synovial?

A

Overall 9-12mo

synovial 3-4mo

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15
Q

What was the most common location for HS in mini schanuzers? (Lenz, JSAP 2017) **Committee member**

A

9/10 primary pumonary - large mass w/ intra-thoracic mets

1 gastric HS w/nodal mets

4 were disseminated

**Pedigree analysis supports inherited risk factor**

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16
Q

Increased risk of Joint associated histiocytic sarcoma in dogs w/ prior joint disease affects primarily which breeds? What location of PAHS was most commonly associated with joint disease, specifically what kind? (Manor VCO 2017) **Committee**

A

Berners +/- Rotties

88.2% stifle PAHS had prior joint disease, usually CCL rupture

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17
Q

What was the odds ratio of prior joint disease in the tumor affected limb of dogs with PAHS? (Manor VCO 2017) **Committee**

A

13.42

18
Q

What exotics and large animals has HS been reported in?

A

Hedgehogs, ferrets, rabbits, cows, horses

19
Q

What cytokines and growth factors influence dendritic cell development

A

FLT3 ligand, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, IL-4, TGF-beta

20
Q

Blood monocytes differentiate into macrophages under the influence of ______ or into DCs under the influence of _____

A

macrophages: macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF)

DCs: GM-CSF and IL-4

21
Q

Regression of histiocytomas is mediated by which cells?

A

CD8+ alpha/beta T cells

22
Q

What unique markers are present on cells that cause reactive histiocytosis?

A

Thy-1 and CD4+

E-cadherin negative

23
Q

What is the firstline therapy for reactive histiocytosis?

A

corticosteroids - CR w/ median of 45 days in one study

24
Q

What genetic abnormalities have been found in Bernese Moutain Dogs and Flat coated retrievers with HS?

A

deletions of tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/B, RB1 and PTEN

almost all (96%) of BMD had mutation in CDKN2A in another study

25
Q

FCR are more likely to have HS affecting what _____ vs. BMD are more likely HS in what location?

A

FCR = limbs

BMD - visceral

26
Q

What IHC differentiates PAHS from synovial cell sarcoma?

A

CD18, cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin

27
Q

What marker can be used for ICC identification of HS?

A

CD 18 and CD204

28
Q

In one study, 89% of dogs with HS had what change in the blood?

A

hyperferritinemia

29
Q

What is the most common lung lobe affected by HS?

A

right middle

30
Q

MST for dogs with PAHS confirmed with CD18 staining after treatment with amputation? Metastatic rate?

A

6mo; 91%

31
Q

What was the ORR to single agent CCNU for dogs with macroscopic HS? What was the MST for responders vs. nonresponders?

A

ORR 46%

MST: 85d

responders: 172d (5.7mo)

non responders: 60d. (2mo)

32
Q

What MST has been documented in a study of 16 dogs treated for localized HS with aggressive combination therapy (CCNU + surgery and/or RT)? Skorupski VCO 2009)

A

19mo (568d)

DFI 243d (

33
Q

What was the ORR and MTTP for dogs with HS treated with CCNU + Dox

A

ORR 58%, MTTP 185d

34
Q

What was the ORR to dacarbazine as a rescue agent for HS? What was the event free survival in these dogs?

A

18%; 70d

35
Q

What was the ORR to epirubicin for HS in dogs?

A

29%

36
Q

What three diseases make up the recognized feline histiocytic disorders

A
  1. HS similar to dogs
  2. feline progressive histiocytosis - cutaneous form with indolent but progressive behavior
  3. pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis
37
Q

What is the median MST for cats with feline progressive histiocytosis (FPH)?

A

13.4mo - usually due to late spread to LN, lungs, abdominal visceral organs

38
Q

Are male or female cats more likely to develop feline progressive histiocytosis? (Affolter Vet Path 2006)

A

Females

39
Q

What was the clinical presentation for feline progressive histiocytosis? (Affolter Vet Path 2006)

A

Solitary or multiple nonpruritic papules, nodules, and plaques

predilection for feet, legs and face

40
Q

What were the histo and IHC features of feline progressive histiocytosis? (Affolter Vet Path 2006)

A

Histiocytic infiltrates of superficial and deep dermis

expressed CD1a, CD1c, CD18, MHCII - dendritic cell origin

3 cats also had coexpression of e-cadherin - feature of cutaneous langerhans cells

Oncology Boards (26 decks)

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