Hernia - Ulas

Question 1

When is incarceration and strangulation are most COMMON?

Answer 1

Indirect inguinal hernia

Question 2

When is incarceration and strangulation are at highest risk?

Answer 2

In femoral hernia

Question 3

…..: It is the presence of a part of the intestine on the side wall of the pouch in the sac.

Answer 3

Richter Hernia (Pincement lateral)

Question 4

…..: It is the presence of Meckel’s diverticulum in the
hernial sac.

Answer 4

Littre hernia

Question 5

……..:It is the formation of the wall of the hernial sac not entirely by the peritoneum, but by the retroperitoneal organs such as the colon or bladder that accompany the hernia sac by partially slipping.

Answer 5

Sliding (hiatal)hernia

Question 6

…….: Formation of a hernia from the site of m. transversus abdominis aponeurosis on the side edge of the rectus muscle sheath

Answer 6

Speigel hernia

Question 7

Most common hernia

Answer 7

Indirect inguinal hernia

Question 8

Which hernia Exits laterally to the inferior epigastric vessels passing through inguinal canal?

Answer 8

Indirect hernia

Question 9

Which hernia Exits the medially to the inferior epigastric vessels nd passes through abdominal wall
?

Answer 9

Direct hernia

Question 10

Umbilical hernia occurs mainly in ?

Answer 10

Women(due to pregnancy ) or obese men

Question 11

Which is the deadliest hernia?

Answer 11

Obturator hernia

Question 12

Rarest hernia?

Answer 12

Sciatic hernia

Question 13

Hernia most commmon in women?

Answer 13

Umbilical hernia** and femoral hernia

Question 14

Tx for hernia?

Answer 14

Golden standart: The most commonly used surgical technique with the lowest recurrence
rate is Lichtenstein herniorphy.

Question 15

What is the tx of hernia?

Answer 15

Decide the type of hernia then do SURGERY

Question 16

Why is laparoscopic surgery preffered?

Answer 16

Recovery time is short

Cosmetic

Back to business faster

Question 17

Disadvantages of laparoscopy?

Answer 17

Cost

Must be experienced surgeon

High complications

Question 18

Conventional hernia surgery (open)?

Answer 18

Cheap

Everyone knows how to do it

Question 19

What are the layers of the abdominal wall?

Answer 19

They are of mesoderm origin:
1-skin
2-subcutaneous tissue
3-superficial fascia/scarpa fascia
4-external abdominal oblique muscle(makes inguinal lig)
5-internal abd oblique m.
6-transversus abdominus m.
7-transversalis fascia
8-peritoneum

Question 20

What are the borders of the inguinal canal?

Answer 20

(Indirect hernia exits through this canal)
^Anteriorly: aponeurosis of the external oblique m.

Inferiorly: inguinal lig.

Superiorly:conjoint tendon

^Posteriorly: transversalis fascia

Question 21

What may induce hernias ?

Answer 21

Coughing and physical activity& increased intra-abdominal pressure

Question 22

What is the most common recurrent hernia?

Answer 22

Direct inguinal hernia

Question 23

Which hernia is characterized as having nutritional disorder such as ischemia and necrosis and is considered an emergency?

Answer 23

Strangulated hernia (bcz it’s strangled)

Question 24

**Which type of herniation has symptoms of GERD and heart burn?

Answer 24

Type 1 sliding

Question 25

Which type of hernia is associated with symptoms of hematemesis(vomiting of blood) and severe pain and melena?

Answer 25

Type 2 paraesophageal

Question 26

How do you treat sliding type herniation?

Answer 26

Treat like reflux disease/GERD

Question 27

Which type of hernias are treated with surgery?

Answer 27

Types 2 3 4

Question 28

What is the clinical approach for hernias?

Answer 28

1-Decide the type of hernia; and if it is GERD related to herniation or not

2-decide if it needs surgery or not
(Type 1 sliding doesnt need)