Gallbladder Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the dx method of gallbladder and biliary tract dis? (most sensitive examination to show gallstones)

A

U/s

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2
Q

Gold standard for dx of acute cholycystitis ?

A

Hida Scintigraphy Tc99

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3
Q

What are the cotraindications of ERCP ?

A

Patients with gastric resection bcz rod cant enter duodenum

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4
Q

What are the complications of ERCP ?

A

Pancreatitis
Cholangitis
Bleeding
Perforation

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5
Q

What is the clinical sign for cholylithiasis?

A

Murphy’s sign

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6
Q

Pain is from which nerve in murphy’s sign?

A

Phrenic nerve

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7
Q

What are symptoms of gallbladder dis?

A

Murphys sign

Itching

Jaundice

Vomiting nausea

Right upper quad pain

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8
Q

Risk factors of gallstones/

A

Females

*Obesity

Crohn’s

TPN

OC or Estrogen use

*morbid obesity surgeries

*Pregnancy

Vagotomy(removal of vagus)

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9
Q

indication for surgery in Asymptomatic cholelithiasis?

A

[the porcelain NOn-functioning gallbladder in diabetic and pediatric patients causes multiple millimetric stones and stones >2.5cm]

Diabetic pts

Non-functioning gallbladder

Multiple millimetric stones

Porcelain gallbladder

Pediatric patients (congenital hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia)

Patients with stones larger than 2.5cm

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10
Q

What is most common symptom of cholelithiasis?

A

Biliary colic; pain in murphy’s area due to biliary duct block

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11
Q

Clinical findings of gallstones?

A

Biliary colic(pain in murphy’s sign due to biliary duct blockage)

Gallbladder hydrops

Dyspepsia(indigestions)

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12
Q

Lab findings of acute cholecystitis?

A

Bilirubin ALP AST ALT are NORMAL

Murphy+

Leukocytosis >20,000

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13
Q

Tx in acute cholecystitis

A

Cholecystectomy

Interval cholecystectomy

Percutaneous or surgical
cholecystostomy: Especially in cholecystitis without stones

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14
Q

Which type of cholecystitis is in diabetic pts?

A

Emphysematous Cholecystitis

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15
Q

Which type of cholecystitis has no stones?

A

Acalculous cholecystitis

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16
Q

recurrent attacks of obstruction in biliary duct is known as?

A

Chronic cholecystitis

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17
Q

Which type of disease is caused by residual stone in common bile duct after forgeting to remove it in surgery?

A

Postcholecystectomy syndrome

18
Q

Most common gallbladder cancer/biliary system?

A

Adenocarcinoma 90%

19
Q

The first examination performed in a patient with jaundice is ……..***

A

USG

20
Q

In the patient with jaundice, if nothing is palpable with an hydropicly gall bladder , the stone should be considered, and if something is palpable (pancreatic head) …… should be considered.***

A

tumor

21
Q

The most effective and reliable method of showing gallstones is …..***

A

USG

22
Q

The most common symptom of gallstones is ,,,,,, and the most common
complication is ………

A

biliary colic,

acute cholecystitis.

23
Q

The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is …….. **

A

obstruction of the ductus cysticus

24
Q

While the most specific, most sensitive method for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis is …….., the most preferred method is …….***

A

HIDA scintigraphy

USG

25
Q

What is charcot triad?

A

Detects cholangitis;
Right upper quadrant pain, Fever
Jaundice

26
Q

What is the findings of most severe cholangitis?

A

Reynolds Pentate:
CHOLANGITIS
– Charcot triad + septic shock and neurological findings

27
Q

The most common type of sclerosing cholangitis is the primary type of sclerosing cholangitis and is ………***

A

idiopathic

28
Q

Cholangitis vs cholecystitis ?

A

Cholangitis is the inflammation of the bile duct system

Cholecystitis:is the inflammation of wall of gall bladder

29
Q

Cholangitis is always accompanied with …..?

A

obstruction

30
Q

Where is cholangiocarcinoma mostly found?

A

It can present anywhere in the biliary tract. 2/3 is in hepatic duct bifurcation (**Klatskin’s tumor) most common)

31
Q

Symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma?

A

**painless jaundice

CA 19-09 is high**

Loss of appetite

32
Q

Cholecystectomy is the tx choice for all gallbladder diseases except for …..

A

Cholangiocarcinoma stage 4; tx is transplantation

33
Q

Dx in cholangiocarcinoma?

A

USG, CT
*PTC (in proximal lesions), *ERCP (in distal lesions)

34
Q

What causes cholangiocarcinoma ?

A

Pimary sclerosing cholangitis

35
Q

What is the difference between biliary colic and cholecystitis?

A
36
Q

What to do in pt with cholecystitis?

A

Antibiotics and surgery and for dx senUSG or HIDI scintigraphy

37
Q

Manifests as fever and signs of infection with stones visualized:

A

Cholecytitis

38
Q

Which gall bladder disease manifests as AFEBRILE and will commonly have no abnormal vitals in contrast to acute cholecystitis or cholangitis

A

Biliary colic

39
Q

The most sensitive examination. First choice in treatment used in Choledocolithiasis

A

ERCP

40
Q

What is the most common type of sclerosing cholangitis ?

A

Primary type of sclerosing cholangitis &is idopathic