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LAST EXAMMMMMM Year I > Hepatitis viridae > Flashcards

Hepatitis viridae Flashcards

1
Q

what are the primary viruses that infect liver

A 
RNA:Hep A
Hep C
Hep D
Hep E
Hep G
DNA: HepB
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2
Q

What hepatitis are fecal-oral route

A

A and E

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3
Q

what hep viruses can lead to chronic hepatitis

A

B C and D

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4
Q

presentation of acute viral hepatitis

A

flue, fatigue, low fever, aches, cough, rhinitis and pharyngitis
1-2 weeks late jaundice (high bliirubin)
increase in AST ALT GGt and alkaline phosphatase

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5
Q

Why is chronic viral hep hard to Dx

A

asymptomatic with enlarged tender liver and mildy elevated liver function enzymes

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6
Q

describe the liver enzyme levels in viral hepatitis in relation to each other

A

the ALT and ASt will be high
GGT and alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin moderately high
bilirubin continues to rise

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7
Q

describe liver enzyme levels in say gallstone obstruction

A

bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and GGT are higher than AST ALT

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8
Q

Describe composition of Hep A

A

naked cosahedral capsid with + ss RNA
part of Picornaviridae
fecal-oral route

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9
Q

how long is the incubation period for Hep A before signs of acute hepatitis

A

15-40 days

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10
Q

How do you Dx Hep A

A

serologic tests for HepA capsid Ag

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11
Q

What is the composition of Hep B

A

large, enveloped icosahedral capsid with ds circular DNA

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12
Q

What is the name of the intact Hep B virus

A

Dane Particle

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13
Q

What are the filamentous structures on the Dane Particles of Hep B

A

hepatitis B surface Ag HBsAg

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14
Q

What is HBeAg

A

the component of the Hep B core that is released in active infection

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15
Q

How is HBV spread

A

blood to blood,

parenteral

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16
Q

What disease states can be caused by HBV

A

acute hepatitis
fulminant hepatitis
chronic hepatitis
co-infection with hep D virus

17
Q

what is fulminant hepatitis

A

severe acute hep with rapid destruction of liver

18
Q

what are the 3 states of chronic hepatitis

A

asymptomatic
chronic persistent- low grade
chronic active- acute hepatitis 6-12 months

19
Q

how does liver injury occur in hepatitis

A

cell mediated because Viral Ag are targets for CTLs and the IC can deposit leading to arthritis and kidney damage

20
Q

Why are immunocompromised patients usually carriers without symptoms of Hep B

A

because their immune system does not attack

21
Q

what can occur if HBV is incorporated into Host DNA

A

primary hepatocellular carcinoma

cirrhosis

22
Q

Detection of what Ag means there is a live Hep B virus and infection

A

HBsAg

23
Q

detection of anti HBsAg means what in hep B

A

immune, cure, no active disease

24
Q

If patient has IgM anti HBcAg what does this say?

What about IgG antiHBcAg

A

IgM is new infection

IgG is old infection

25
Q

how do we monitor high infectivity vs low infectivity of Hep B

A

high is presence of HBeAg

low is presence of anti HBeAg

26
Q

Hep D needs what to replicate

A

help of Hep B becauses uses Hep B envelope

27
Q

HBsAg Ab are protective for what viruses

A

Hep B and D

28
Q

what occurs with HDV infecting a person with chronic Hep B

A

superinfection
cirrhosis, greater mortality
remains chronically infected

29
Q

What is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis in US, leading indication for liver transplantation

A

hep C

30
Q

What is the composition of Hep C

A

enveloped icosahedral RNA in falvivirus family

genotype 1 is most common in US

31
Q

Presentation of Hep C

A

incubation 6-12 weeks
asymptomatic but some have acute hepatitis
85% develop chronic hepatitis

32
Q

How do we Dx Hep C

A

anti HCV Ab detectable 6-8 weeks after exposure

33
Q

How do we confirm Dx of Hep C

A

recombinant immunoblast assay
RIBA
or measuring HCV viral RNA

34
Q

Where is Hep E endemic

A

Asia, India, Arica and Central America

35
Q

What family is Hep G from

A

flavivirus

36
Q

Hep B is apart of what family of DNA viruses

A

hepadna

LAST EXAMMMMMM Year I (24 decks)

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