Henry VIII religious opposition/rebellions Flashcards
What were the financial motives for the dissolution of the monasteries?
The Church had a lot of wealth to be exploited. There were concerns surrounding a potential Catholic Crusade led by Francis and Charles. By dissolving the monasteries, Henry avoided having to impose more tax on the people (after the Amicable Grant, this was a good thing).
What was the ‘Imperial’ idea?
It was another motive for the dissolution of the monasteries. Henry did not like that the monasteries owed higher allegiance to Rome, so he imposed the Act in Restraint of Appeals and the Act of Supremacy to avoid this. His xenophobia appeared to be growing.
How did Henry use the first Dissolution Act in 1536 to his advantage?
At this time, the common (non clergyman) people were becoming increasingly greedy for land. Nobles such as Norfolk were quite eager to cash in on sales of monastic land, so Henry could use this to pacify some opposition.
When was the Lincolnshire rising?
1-11th October 1536
When was the Pilgrimage of Grace
8th October-8th December 1536. The point here is that it immediately followed the Lincolnshire rising
When were Sir Francis Bigod’s revolt and the Cumberland rising?
16th January-10th February 1537
What started the Lincolnshire rising?
3 Government commissioners were dissolving the smaller monasteries in the County and inspecting the quality of the the clergy/enforcing new religious laws. People were getting stressed because they thought that they were trying to take gold, silver and extra taxes
Where did the Lincolnshire rising begin?
Louth
Who was the leader of the Lincolnshire rising?
Nicholas Melton/ ‘captain cobbler’
Who was murdered in a frenzy during the Lincolnshire rising?
The Bishop of Lincoln’s chancellor
How many people assembled in Lincoln during the Lincolnshire rising and what did they do?
10,000. They drew up a list of articles/complaints
Which Duke raised an army to face the Lincolnshire rebels?
Duke of Suffolk
How did the Lincolnshire rising end?
The Gentry ran for cover and sought forgiveness. It collapsed into chaos without a leader. A Herald arrived and sent home those remaining
Who was the leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Robert Aske- a Yorkshire lawyer who had heard about the Lincolnshire rising
How many men did Aske have by 10th October?
30,000
Where were the headquarters during the Pilgrimage of Grace and who handed this place over?
Pontefract Castle- Lord Darcy
What did Henry do in response to the Pilgrimage of Grace?
He could not muster 30,000 men, so he sent a delegation led by Norfolk to meet the rebels, who then presented their 5 articles.
When was a truce signed during the Pilgrimage of Grace, and what were the conditions?
27th October- 2 men were to meet with the King. Henry agreed to pardon men all but 10 ringleaders
What was the final conclusion in December to the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Aske and Norfolk met- the rebels laid out their final 24 articles. Norfolk granted a general pardon and promised to discuss the articles with Parliament. Aske insisted that no more monasteries would be closed down until Parliament met. Aske then toured the country trying to convince the Gentry that he had made a good deal
Who was unconvinced by Aske’s deal?
Sir Francis Bigod
What did Sir Francis Bigod try to do after rejecting the truce terms?
He made a plan to capture Hull and Scarborough
Where did Sir Francis Bigod flee to when his plans failed, and what happened to him?
Cumbria- he was arrested
What did Henry use Bigod’s rebellion to do?
He used it to break his conditions on the truce. He rounded up some members of the nobility and executed them
What was the final death toll of the executions after Bigod’s rebellion and which noble family was destroyed?
178, the Percy family
