Henry VIII religious changes Flashcards
What and when was the Act in Restraint of Appeals?
April 1533- It was created by Cromwell. This Act meant that the monarch had jurisdiction over any foreign power (e.g. the Papacy) in Church matters. This meant that that Catherine of Aragon could not appeal against the annulment of her marriage to the Pope.
What and when was the Act of Supremacy?
November 1534- Gave legislative power to the royal supremacy. Made Henry Supreme Head of the Church of England.
Why was the Act of supremacy significant?
It basically secured the break from Rome as the Pope was no longer the head of church.
Which Act finally declared CoA and Henry’s marriage over?
The Act of Succession (April 1534). This also changed the heir from Mary to Anne’s future children.
What and when was the Act of Treason?
November 1534- This tightened the laws of treason and made the spoken word potentially treasonous as well as written or physical deeds.
In what three ways did Henry pressure the Pope between 1531 and 1532?
1531- collectively accused the clergy of praemunire (putting the Pope above the wishes of the monarch)
1532- Act of Annates (Henry now received tax money that would normally go to the Pope)
1532- submission of the clergy (clergymen now took orders from the King, not the Pope).
When did Anne Boleyn marry Henry?
January 1533, which was slightly awkward because she was already pregnant
Why was there a growing dissatisfaction with the Church?
Because they were selling indulgences, Monks were owning property, Priests were becoming privately wealthy, and there were many financial abuses.
Who were the Lollards?
A religious group. They wanted to be rid of the Pope, they wanted the Bible in English, and they wanted no indulgences.
Who were the Humanists?
Religious group. They wanted to stop the selling of indulgences and basically purify the Church.
What were pluralism, simony and nepotism within the Church?
Nepotism- giving jobs to family members over more appropriate people
Pluralism- people holding multiple jobs. Lack of quality of Churchmen.
Simony- Sale of Church positions.
What was Valor Ecclesiasticus and when did it happen?
1535- The inspection of the monasteries. Cromwell would hire commissioners to inspect them and promised to pay them for every bad thing they found.
When/ what was the Act of Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries and how did this go down?
1536- monasteries worth under £200 were shut down and it did not go well. The Pilgrimage of Grace was the same year.
When did Cromwell push for the dissolution of the monasteries?
1538- within 16 months, 202 houses had surrendered.
When was the (Second) Act of Dissolution of the Monasteries?
1539- This legitimised the previous ‘voluntary’ surrenders, giving parliamentary sanctuary to Cromwell and his agents. All of the property of the greater houses was now placed under control of the crown.
