Henry VII government/nobility Flashcards
How many times did Henry call parliament during his reign? How many of these were in the first decade of his reign?
7, 5 in the first decade of his reign
What was the council learned in law? Who established it and who led it?
Sir Reginald Bray established it. It was a debt collecting agency led by Empson and Dudley
Who were the JPs?
Justices of the Peace. They were traditionally unpaid nobles who kept law and order across the country. Henry started appointing members of the gentry because they were more enthusiastic and mostly did a better job
What approach to patronage did Henry VII mostly take?
Patronage was earned, not given. A form of meritocracy, if you will
How was Jasper Tudor rewarded for his support?
He was made Duke of Bedford and his Welsh estates were restored. He was also rewarded with extra land
How was Lord Daubeney rewarded after he put down the Cornish rebellion?
He was promoted to the peerage.
What was the Order of the Garter and how many members were there? Why was this a good way to reward people?
37 members (including the Earl of Oxford and Lord Daubeney). A position in the Order of the Garter was reserved for the King’s closest allies. Plus, it cost nothing and gave the person prestige without giving them power or land
What was the King’s Council and why was this a good reward for the nobles?
A position as King’s Councillor was a sign of the King’s confidence.
Who were some of the King’s most prominent councillors and why were they significant? (H7)
Reginald Bray, Lord Daubeney, Richard Guildford (all part of the Buckingham conspiracy 1483)
Thomas Lovell and John Riselly (had joined Henry when he was in exile)
What was the Great Council?
They were called together when the King had an emergency going on and it would take too long to assemble parliament. They were also a way for the King to gain control over his most important nobles because they couldn’t criticise him if they had helped make a decision
How many meetings of the Great Council were there?
5
What were Acts of Attainder?
They led to a family losing all of their land/titles. It was reversible, though, so that’s good
How many Acts of Attainder did Henry VII pass over his reign and how many of these were reversed?
138 passed; 46 reversed. Higher percentage reversed than Edward IV
What are some examples of people who had Attainders put on them?
Duke of Norfolk (not reversed under H7)
Earl of Surrey (had his attainder reversed)
Both had fought for R3 at Bosworth
What were bonds and recognisances?
Bonds were written agreements in which people promised to pay a sum of money if they failed to carry out their promise
Recognisances were a formal acknowledgement of a debt or an obligation that already, with the promise to pay money if this was not met
How many Acts of Attainder were passed on noble families, and how many of these were reversed?
9 were passed, 5 reversed
How many noble families gave bonds or recognisances during H7’s reign?
36 out of 62 noble families
What are some examples of feudal dues?
Livery (King paid for someone to recover land from wardship), Wardship (King took control over states of minors), Marriage (King could profit from the marriage of heirs and heiresses), Relief (the King received money as land was inherited)
What is an example of someone being fined for getting married without a licence from the King?
Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Buckingham was fined around £7,000 in 1496 for marrying without a licence
What is an example of someone being fined for entering their inheritance before they reached the age of 21?
Edward, Duke of Buckingham was fined £7000 for doing this in 1498
How much did Henry VII earn from wardship and marriage in 1487 and 1507?
1487: £350
1507: £6000
What is an example of someone getting fined for illegal retaining?
Lord Burgavenny was fined £70,550 in 1506
When did Henry VII put some legislation on for illegal retaining? What was this?
1504- £5 per month per illegal retainer
What did Henry VII’s Act of Resumption do and when?
1486- recovered all crown lands given away since 1455
