Henry VIII government Flashcards
Crown and Parliament, ministers, domestic policies including the establishment of Royal Supremacy
when was conciliar government used
1509-1514
what did the first parliament do
Abolish the council learned in law (getting rid of fathers legacy)
What did the second parliament do
Grant extraordinary revenue for invasions of France and Scotland (similar to father ext rev)
why was conciliar government ended
H7s senior councillors did not want to support war
Henry was becoming more confident
Henry surrounded himself with young like-minded courtiers who reinforced his suspicions of the old guard
Henry was impressed with Wolsey’s management of the French campaign and became dominant
How did the role of the privy chamber extend
Henry’s minions became gentlemen of the Privy
which transformed the status of both the men and the chamber
What did Wolsey do in the privy chamber in 1519 and why
remove Henry’s minions and replace them with his supporters
as it was an area of government outside of Wolsey’s control
Why did Wolsey’s change to the privy chamber in 1519 not work
Most of the minions recovered their positions, chamber retained its prestige and influence, still out of Wolsey’s control
What was the Tudor subsidy
when raising extraordinary revenue
Instead of using local commissioners to assess wealth Wolsey set up a national committee which he headed himself
What was the Tudor subsidy used for
1523
fund war in France
as it provided a more direct and realistic assessment of wealth the nations revenue base became more realistic
Was the Tudor subsidy a success
No
did not raise sufficient funds for war with France so Wolsey tried to raise unparliamentary taxation - amicable grant
What was the amicable grant
unparliamentary taxation 1525
was resisted and almost lead to rebellion
When were the Eltham ordinances
1526
What did the Eltham ordinances do and why
reduced the number of Gentlemen of the Privy
Wolsey said it was to reduce household expenditure but it was actually because Wolsey did not have control of the privy chamber
Who was removed as Gentleman of the stool and who replaced him after Eltham Ordinances
William Compton replaced with Henry Norris (more compliant)
Opinions of the Eltham ordinances
Wolsey did it to reduce finances in the privy council (humble servants removed too)
Wolsey did it because of his fear of repercussions from the amicable grant so wanted to remove people in the council who did not like him and he could not control
What was the kings great matter
Mid 1520s Catherine of Aragon had not given henry a male heir and Catherine was getting older
Henry wanted a divorce from Catherine and wanted to marry Anne Boleyn which required Wolsey to secure a papal dispensation for the annulment of his marriage
How did Wolsey try to secure papal dispensation
As Catherine had been married to Arthur her marriage to Henry was invalid
Why did the pope not grant papal dispensation
Catherine’s Nephew emperor Charles V had taken over Rome so the Pope was prisoner to Charles who did not want Catherine being humiliated
When did Wolsey take Henry to court
May 1527
What did Wolseys court do
Tried to accuse Henry of living in sin which he admitted to to invalidate the marriage but Catherine did not accept the verdict and appealed to the Pope
1529 court case
Cardinal Campeggio was sent by the Pope to hear Wolsey’s case
15th June - 30th July case heard
Wolsey failed to get the annulment
Why did Wolsey fall
Failure to secure an annulment
Unpopularity from Tudor subsidy and amicable grant
End of Wolsey
October 1528 charged with praemunire - surrendered
4th November 1530 arrested
29th November died before execution
Rise of Cromwell
Suggested henry break with Rome to secure annulment
Kings chief minister by 1532
