hemolytic anemia Flashcards
most common cause of hemolytic anemia
cardiac valve prosthesis and microangiopathic disorders- s
the most common pathogenic feature in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
microvascular lesion that results in luminal narrowing due to deposition of fibrin and platelets –> vascular changes disturb laminar flow and exert shear force on RBCs, damaging them
most common cause of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
most commonly seen with DIC but also in TTP, HUS, malign HTN, SLE, and metz
Burr cells
seen in conditions that causes damages to RBCs: red cell fragments (shistocytes) “burr cells” “helmet cells” “triangle cells”
DIC TTP HUS Malig HTN Metz
findings shared by all megaloblastic anemias
macrocytic and oval RBCs (macro-ovalocytes)
aniscytosis
poikilocytosis
low reticulocyte count
occasional appearance of nucleated RBCs in circulation
Neutrophils in megaloblastic anemia
marcopolymorphonuclear: larger than normal. NUCLEAR HYPERSEGMENTATION having 5+ lobules instead of normal 3/4
what is the problem in megaloblastic anemia?
DNA synthesis is imparied
bone marrow: megaloblastic anemia
usually hypercellular, with almost all cells replaced by fat
why is marrow hyperplastic?
increased erythropoietin stimulation
derangement of DNA causes what horrible condition in megaloblastic anemia?
mass self suicide of the cells–> pancytopenia
Dasatinib MOA, how it differs from imatinib
inhiits bcr abl, c kit, pdgfr beta tyrosine kinases
differs from imatinib because it binds to bcr-abl during active and inactive conformations of the domain
overcomes imatinib resistant resulting from bcr-abl resistance
nilotinib
inhibits bcr abl, c kit, pdgfr beta tyrosine kinases
higher affinity to abl kinase than imatinib, overcomes the bcr-abl mutations causing imatinib resistance
clinical: first line tx for chronic phase CML
