anthracyclines

Question 1

anthracyclines- drugs (6)

Answer 1

1. doxorubicin
2. epirubicin,
3. daunorubicin,
4. idarubicin,
5. mitoxantrone,
6. dexrazoxane

Question 2

anthracyclines- MOA

Answer 2

1. topo II inhibitor
2. intercalates DNA/RNA to disrupt synthesis
3. free radical producer (cardiotoxicity)
4. disrupts fluidity of cell membranes and ion transport

Question 3

anthracycliens dose limiting AE

Answer 3

neutropenia

Question 4

doxarubicin: how it is used, heme maligs, and non-heme maligs

Answer 4

1. generally combined with other drugs, not a monotherapy
2. used for: ALL, MMyloma, Hodgkin’s, NHL
3. testicles, ovaries, endometrium, bladder, liver, lungs, breast, thyroid

Question 5

Daunorubicine

Answer 5

ineffective against solid tumors

used for AML

Question 6

idarubicin

Answer 6

1. used with cytarabine against AML
2. better at producing complete remission and improving patient survival in AML than daunorubicin

Question 7

epirubicin

Answer 7

adjuvant in early-stage, node positive breast cancer and metastatic breast cancer and gastroesophageal cancer

Question 8

mitoxantrone: MOA and dose limiting toxicity, AEs, application

Answer 8

1. MOA
   
   1. binds/produces DNA breaks
   2. inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis
2. DLT: myelosupression with leukopenia
3. AE: a
   
   1. cute/chronic cardio toxicity
   2. blue discoloration of the fingernails, sclera, urine
4. Cliniclal app
   
   1. prostate cancer and low grade NHL
   2. breast cancer; pediatric and adult acute myeloid leukemias

Question 9

dexrazoxane

Answer 9

1. not an anthracycline
2. iron chelator
3. prevents/reduces anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity in women with metastatic breast cancer that have taken doxirubicin