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Heme > alkylating agents > Flashcards

alkylating agents Flashcards

1
Q

what are the alkylating agents?

A

cylcophosphamide

mechlorethamine

melphalan

chlorambucil

nitrosureas (azithrocin, carbamucin)

aziridines: thiotepa
alkysulfontate: busulfan

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2
Q

non-classical alkylating agents (3)

A

procarbazine

decarbazine

bendamustine

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3
Q

platinum-analog alkylating agents

A
  1. cisplatin
  2. carboplatin
  3. oxaliplatin
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4
Q

antimetabolites: antifolates

A

methotrexate

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5
Q

CTCL

A

mechlorethamine

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6
Q

multiple myeloma

A

melphalan with dexamethasone

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7
Q

CLL

A

chronic lymphoblastic leukemia: chlorambucil

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8
Q

generates botH alkylating and carbamylating moieties

A

nitrosureas

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9
Q

malignant gliomas

A

carbamustine

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10
Q

high affinity for islets of langerhas

A

streptozocin

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11
Q

causes diabetes in exp animals

A

strepazocin, a nitrosurea

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12
Q

human pancreatic islet cell carcinoma

A

streptozocin

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13
Q

carcinoid tumors

A

streptozocin

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14
Q

hepatic CYPs rapidly convert X drug into a desulfurated primary metabolite TEPA

A

thiotepa. alog with TEPA, binds to DNA to form DNA cross links

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15
Q

used for high dose chemo regimens in transplants for hematological malignances

A

thiotepa

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16
Q

AE: pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic VOD at high doses. What is the most common AE at a standard dose?

A

myelosuppression: busulfan
note: VOD “veno-occlusive disease”

17
Q

non-enzyme inducing benzos recommended with this drug

A

busulfans

18
Q

anti convulsants given with these drugs to reduce CNS toxicities, except which?

A

phenytoin- induce GSTs that metabolize the busulfan faster

19
Q

chronic myeloid leukemia

A

busulfans

20
Q

exact mechanism unknown but prolongs interphase of the cell cycle. how is this drug activated?

A

CYP activated to highly reactive alkylating agent: procarbazine

21
Q

increases expression of MGMT, accelerating catabolism of drug and therefore resistance

A

procarbazine

22
Q

concomittant CNS suppressants should be avoided in pts receiving this drug

A

procarbazine .

23
Q

used in MOPP regimen fir Hodgkin lymphoma

A

Procarbazine

24
Q

part of the PVC regimen for treating hodgkin lymphoma

A

procarbazine, along with vincristine and lomustine

25
Q

prodrug–> monomethyl triazeno metabolite MTIC. how does resistance begin in this drug?

A

Docarbazine: resistance develops due to removale of methyl groups by MGMT

26
Q

primarily indicated against hodgkin lymphoma but also mildly effective against malignant melanoma and adult sarcomas

A

docarbazine

27
Q

inhibits mitotic checkpoints and induces mitotic catastrophe. what is the other aspect of the MOA and its AEs?

A

benamustine: forms cross links with DNA resulting in single and double stranded DNA breaks

myelosuppreesion, rapidly reversible

mucositis

Heme (24 decks)

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