heart sounds

Question 1

what causes the 1st heart sound

Answer 1

closure of mitral and tricuspid valves

Question 2

when is the 1st heart sound soft?

Answer 2

in mitral regurgitation or long PR interval

Question 3

when is the 1st heart sound loud?

Answer 3

mitral stenosis

Question 4

what cause the 2nd heart sound?

Answer 4

closure of aortic and pulmonary valves

Question 5

when is the 2nd heart sound soft?

Answer 5

aortic stenosis

Question 6

splitting of the 2nd heart sound is normal? true/false

Answer 6

true

Question 7

what causes the 3rd heart sound?

Answer 7

diastolic filling of the ventricle

Question 8

when is the 3rd heat sound considered normal?

Answer 8

considered normal in patients under 30 years old

Question 9

what does a 3rd heart sound suggest?

Answer 9

left ventricular failure, constrictive pericarditis, mitral regurgitation.

Question 10

when is a 4th heart sound heard?

Answer 10

aortic stenosis, Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, and hypertension

Question 11

what causes a 4th heart sound?

Answer 11

atrial contraction against stiff ventricle