Heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output

Question 1

What is the definition of heart rate?

Answer 1

The number of times the heart beats per minute

Resting = (72bpm)

Question 2

What is the definition of stroke volume?

Answer 2

The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per beat

Resting = (70ml)

Question 3

What is the definition of cardiac output?

Answer 3

The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute
Resting = (5L/min)

Question 4

What is bradycardia?

Answer 4

A resting heart rate below 60bpm

Question 5

What are the three things that affect resting heart rate?

Answer 5

Genetics
Gender
Fitness level

Question 6

How do you calculate maximum heart rate?

Answer 6

220-age

Question 7

When does stroke volume occur?

Answer 7

During ventricle systole as the ventricle walls contract to eject blood Ito the aorta

Question 8

What is the equation for cardiac output?

Answer 8

Heart rate x stroke volume = cardiac output

Question 9

What is the resting heart rate of an untrained athlete and a trained athlete?

Answer 9

Untrained = 72bpm
Trained = 50bpm

Question 10

What is the resting value for stroke volume for an untrained athlete and trained athlete?

Answer 10

Untrained = 70 ml 
Trained = 100ml

Question 11

What is the resting value for cardiac output for an untrained athlete as trained athlete?

Answer 11

5L/min

5L/min

Question 12

Heart rate responses to exercise:

What happens to the heart rate during sub-maximal exercise?

Answer 12

There is a slight anticipatory rise before exercise 
There is a rapid increase 
Then heart rate plateaus 
Rapid decrease 
Returning to resting heart rate

Question 13

Heart rate responses to exercise :

What happens to heart rate during maximal exercise?

Answer 13

Anticipatory rise 
Rapid increase 
Slower increase 
Rapid decrease 
Slower decrease

Question 14

Stroke volume responses to exercise:

What two factors allow stroke volume to increase?

Answer 14

Increased venous return, meaning there is a greater volume of blood returning to the heart filling the ventricles

Starlings Law, increases end-diastolic volume in the ventricles and therefore greater stretch on the ventricle walls - ejecting a larger volume of blood from the ventricles

Question 15

Stroke volume response to exercise:

Why does stroke volume plateau during sub-maximal exercise?

Answer 15

Maximal intensities does not allow enough time for the ventricles to completely fill up with blood in the diastolic phase

Question 16

Cardiac output responses to exercise:

Answer 16

Cardiac output increases in line with exercise intensity and plateaus during maximal exercise

Question 17

What is the HR, SV and CO of an untrained athlete at rest?

Answer 17

HR = 70bpm
SV = 70ml 
CO = 5L/min

Question 18

What is the HR, SV and CO of an untrained athlete at sub-max intensity?

Answer 18

HR = 120 bpm
SV = 120 ml 
CO = 10 L/min

Question 19

What is the HR, SV and CO of an untrained athlete at max intensity?

Answer 19

HR = 200-age 
SV = 120 ml 
CO = 20L/min