Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Surfaces of the Heart and what comprises those surfaces?

A
  1. Anterior (Sternocostal): Both Ventricles, Right more than left
  2. Posterior (Base): Left Atrium and 4 pulmonary arteries
  3. Inferior (Diaphragmatic): Both Ventricles, Left more than right
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the Margins of the Heart?

A

Right and Left Outline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is the Apex of the Heart Located?

A

In the 5th Intercostal Space, 3 and a half inches from the midline, at the Midclavicular Line (Medial to the Left nipple)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What composes the Fibroserous Membrane of the Heart?

A
  1. Fibrous Pericardium
  2. Parietal Pericardium
  3. Visceral Pericardium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the fibrous CT surrounding the heart called?

A

The Fibrous Pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the Fibrous Pericardium located?

A

It is glued to the parietal pleura on each side, posterior to the esophagus, anterior to the anterior mediastinal fat, and Superior to the endothoracic fascia on the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammation of the Pericardium from external insult or internal pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pericardial Effusion

A

Fluid in the Pericardial Cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a Hemopericardium and what may it result in?

A
  • Blood in the Pericardial Cavity

- May result in Cardiac Tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cardiac Tamponade

A

Condition in which the heart stops beating because of the excessive amount of blood and thus pressure in the pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Transverse Pericardial Sinus

A

Space behind Pulmonary Trunk and Arch of Aorta where ligature or clamp is placed, tubes of a coronary bypass machine are inserted, ligature is tightened to stop or redirect blood flow in those arteries, and then coronary procedure can be performed e.g. CABG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the Openings and Valves of the Right Atrium?

A
  1. Thebesian Veins
  2. IVC with small valve
  3. SVC
  4. Coronary Sinus with small valve
  5. Right AV Valve/Tricuspid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the Thebesian Veins?

A

Veins draining the myocardium and emptying into ALL chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the Openings and Valves of the Left Atrium?

A
  1. Thebesian Veins
  2. Left AV Valve/Mitral Valve/Bicuspid
  3. 4 Pulmonary Veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the Auricles?

A

Pouches on the external surface of the Right and Left Atrium full of Pectinate Muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sulcus Terminalis

A

Depression on the Anterolateral exterior wall of the Right atrium

17
Q

Crista Terminalis

A

Muscular Ridge on the inside of the anterolateral wall of the Right Atrium

18
Q

Pectinate Muscles

A

Muscles on the interior wall of the Right Atrium, anterior to the Crista Terminalis

19
Q

Sinus Venarum

A

Smooth internal wall of the Right atrium, posterior to the Crista Terminalis

20
Q

Fossa Ovalis

A

Depression in the Sinus Venarum where 25% of adults have a Probe Patent Foramen Ovale

21
Q

Probe Patent Foramen Ovale

A

Hole in the Fossa Ovalis of the Sinus Venarum that is present in 25% of adults

22
Q

What is the structure of the Left Atrium?

A

Smooth walled with NO Pectinate muscles

23
Q

What are the Openings and Valves of the Left Ventricle?

A
  1. Thebesian Veins
  2. Left AV Valve/Mitral Valve/Bicuspid
  3. Aortic Semilunar Valve
24
Q

What are the Openings and Valves of the Right Ventricle?

A
  1. Thebesian Veins
  2. Right AV Valve/Tricuspid
  3. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
25
Q

Trabeculae Carneae

A

Irregular Muscular Ridges extending into the ventricles of the heart (pillars, columns, or bridges)

26
Q

What are Papillary Muscles? How many do the Right and Left Ventricles have?

A
  • Muscles of the Ventricles attaching to the Chordae Tendinea; Trabeculae covered by endocardium
  • The Right Ventricle has 3 and the Left Ventricle has 2.
27
Q

Septomarginal Trabeculae/Moderator Band

A

Connects 1 papillary muscle in the Right Ventricle to the interventricular septum

28
Q

Conus Arteriosus

A

Narrowing down of the Right Ventricle as it enters the Pulmonary Trunk

29
Q

Coronary (Atrioventricular) Groove

A

Groove Separating Ventricles and Atria of the heart

30
Q

Interventricular Grooves

A

Anterior and Posterior Interventricular Grooves separating the ventricles

31
Q

Types of Fat

A
  1. Epicardial: Deep to Visceral Pericardium

2. Extrapericardial: In Fibrous Pericardium

32
Q

Valvular Apparatus of AV Valves

A
  1. Fibrous Ring: Dense CT
  2. Valve Proper/Cusps: 3 in Rigth Ventricle and 2 in Left Ventricle
  3. Chordae Tendinea
  4. Papillary Muscles: 3 in Right Ventricle and 2 in Left ventricle; prevent prolapse
33
Q

Valvular Apparatus of Semilunar Valves

A
  1. 3 Cusps: Flaps or “Pocket Valves”
  2. 1 Nodule and 2 Lunula per cusp
  3. 3 Sinuses: Pulmonary or Aortic
34
Q

When do the Coronary Arteries fill?

A

When the Left Ventricle Relaxes

35
Q

Where is the SA Node located?

A

Anterolateral surface of the heart near the junction of the SVC and the Right Atrium (Superior to the Sulcus Terminalis)

36
Q

Where is the AV Node located?

A

In the posteroinferior interatrial septum

37
Q

Where are the Sympathetics and Parasympathetics to the Heart from?

A
  • Sympathetics: Cervical and Thoracic Ganglia

- Parasympathetics: Vagus Nerve

Human Anatomy (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions