heart

Question 1

what drug class is Warfarin in

Answer 1

Vit K antagonists

Question 2

how long does warfarin take to work

Answer 2

takes 2-5 days to work
ALSO long lasting

Question 3

what is the action of warfarin

Answer 3

works in liver to block Vit K synthesis of dependent clotting factors 2,7,9,10

Question 4

what is the side effect of Warfarin

Answer 4

hemorrhage (especially hepatic ally impaired pt)
N/V, alopecia, urticaria, dizziness, muscle and joint pain

Question 5

What is the black box warning of Warfarin

Answer 5

Fatal bleeding

Question 6

what do we monitor when administering Warfarin

Answer 6

INR (2-3 or 2.5-3.5 for prosthetic heart valve)

Question 7

What is a patient teaching with Warfarin

Answer 7

tell pt to stay consistent with potassium intake
do not decrease or increase

Question 8

why do we give Heparin

Answer 8

DVT,PE, MI, stroke, gynocological surgeries, and bed rest for more than 5 days

Question 9

What are the side effects of Heparin

Answer 9

hemorrhage, HIT (heparin induced thrombocytopenia)

Question 10

what should the nurse monitor when administering Heparin

Answer 10

aPPT (46-70)

Question 11

what is the antidote for Heparin

Answer 11

protamine sulfate

Question 12

what drug class is Alteplase

Answer 12

Thrombolytics

Question 13

what is the action of Alteplase

Answer 13

encourages plasminogen to plasmin which breaks down clot

Clot buster

Question 14

what do we give Alteplase for?

Answer 14

MI, PE and ielofemoral thrombosis

Question 15

what are the SE’s of Alteplase

Answer 15

hemorrhage and brain bleed

Question 16

what are the contraindications for Alteplase

Answer 16

65+ yrs of age
risk of embolism in afib pts

Question 17

who can administer alteplase

Answer 17

critical care nurses, continuous cardiac monitoring and ECG results

Question 18

Why do we minimize IM injections when giving Alteplase

Answer 18

hematoma

Question 19

What drug class is Lisinopril in?

Answer 19

Ace inhibitors

Question 20

what is the action of Lisinopril

Answer 20

inhibits conversion of angiotensin 1 to 2

Question 21

why do we give lisinopril

Answer 21

hypertension and heart failure

Question 22

what are the side effects of lisinopril

Answer 22

angioedema, cough, hyperkalemia with DM, orthostatic HTN, renal impairment

Question 23

what are the contrainidications of Lisinopril?

Answer 23

previous angioedema, pregnancy

Question 24

what are nursing actions of Lisinopril

Answer 24

check BP before admin
check K+ levels, check BUN/Cr

Question 25

What are the pt teachings of Lisinopril

Answer 25

no salt supplements, take on empty stomach, dont stop abruptly, slow position changes

Question 26

what drug class is Losartan in?

Answer 26

ARBS

Question 27

what is the action of Losartan

Answer 27

blocks angiotensin 2 receptor

Question 28

why do we give Losartan

Answer 28

Hypertension, CHF, and protects kidneys with DM

Question 29

what are the side effects of Losartan

Answer 29

weakness, muscle cramps, heart burn, slightly neuropathy, hypercalcemia, Orthostatic hypotn

Question 30

what is the black box warning of Losartan?

Answer 30

injury or death for developing fetus, NO PREGNANT WOMEN

Question 31

what are the contraindications of losartan

Answer 31

pregnancy

Question 32

what do we monitor when administering Losartan

Answer 32

BUN/Cr, K+ levels, check bp before admin

Question 33

what interacts with losartan

Answer 33

grapefruit

Question 34

what drug class does Atenolol in?

Answer 34

Beta blockers

Question 35

why do we give Atenolol?

Answer 35

Hypertension, Tachycardia, ischemic heart disease, Heart failure

Question 36

what are the side effects of atenolol

Answer 36

bradycardia, decreased cardiac contractility, decreased cardiac output, orthostatic Hypotension

Question 37

What is the black box warning for Atenolol?

Answer 37

Abrupt stop to drug can cause angina, MI, ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 38

What do we monitor before administering Atenolol

Answer 38

bp and apical pulse

Question 39

what drug class is Amlodipine?

Answer 39

Calcium channel blockers "-dipine" "-zem" "-mils"

Question 40

what its the action of Amlodipine?

Answer 40

inhibits Calcium influx in cardiac cells, vasodilator

Question 41

what are the side effects of Amlodipine?

Answer 41

peripheral edema, HA, drowsy, palpitations, abdominal pain, N, orthostatic Hypotension

Question 42

What are the interactions of Calcium channel blockers

Answer 42

grapefruit and St johns wort

Question 43

What drug class is Digoxin

Answer 43

Cardiac glycoside

Question 44

what does digoxin do

Answer 44

improves contractility/pumping of heart slows ventricular contractions Digoxin digs for deeper contraction

Question 45

Why do we give digoxin

Answer 45

Management of mild to moderate heart failure

Question 46

What are the SEs of Digoxin

Answer 46

toxicity, dysrhythmias, green/yellow halos, N/V, abdominal discomfort, anorexia, blurred vision, dizziness

Question 47

what is the pt teaching with digoxin

Answer 47

take w meal never miss dose

Question 48

nursing actions for digoxin

Answer 48

assess apical pulse for 1 min before admin

Question 49

What drug class is Norepinephrine in?

Answer 49

Adrenergic antagonists

Question 50

what is the action of Norepinephrine

Answer 50

Alpha receptor atagonists, results in potent peripheral arterial vasoconstriction

Question 51

what are the SE's of Norepinephrine

Answer 51

diminished renal failure and low urine output irritable dysrhythmias, decrease myocardial O2 requirement, hyperglycemia, severe HTN, REFLUX BRADY

Question 52

why do we give Norepinephrine

Answer 52

treat severe hypotension and shock first line drug for sepsis

Question 53

what is the black box warning for Norepinephrine

Answer 53

Potential risk of tissue damage