Heart Flashcards
what is this?
which ventricule feeds into them?
Pulmonary artery
right ventricle
“par - want to do up to par on this test’
what are these vessels?
what affferent fibers from the vagus act as here?
pulmonary veins (on left side)
chemoreceptors detecting blood gas levels as oxygenated blood goes into the heart
SVC
what is this?
if this vessel is obstructed.. where could there be colalteral blood bring blood from the lower extremetities to the heart
IVC
collateral blood flow via the azygous system could be used to return blood flow
apex of the heart
acending aorta
what is this?
what is a landmark for this structure?
aortic arch
sternal angle (and 2nd intercostal rib)
left carotid artery
left subclavian (BCS)
what is this?
what is branching off of it?
pulmonary trunk
right and left pulmonary arteries
pulmonary veins
what nerve is this?
what spinal level do they terminal branches of this artery leave the diaphargm?
what component fibers are in here?
phrenic nerve
t8
somatic motor, somatic sensory, post ganglonic sympthatic
right brachiocephalic vein
left vagus nerve
what is this?
what could its distension mean?
right sided heart failure
right internal jugular
what is this?
what important junction is formed on this vessel on the LEFT side?
left subclavian vein
thoracic duct drains into the junction between the left internal jugualr and left subclavian
what is this?
what is it between?
what was it in the embryo?
Ligamentum Arteriosum
ligament between left pulmonary artery and descending aorta
ductus arteriosus
what is this?
where is it coursing through?
why does it course this way?
an enlargment of what can compromise it?
left recurrent vagus nerve
on left goes under aortic arch
With differential growth, the heart and great vessels move downward whereas the larynx moves upward into the neck and “drags” its innervation with it. On the left side, the proximal and distal segments of the 6th aortic arch persist and “trap” the left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
bronchiopulmonary node enlargement can case loss of vocal strength (due to compression of somatic motor)
what is this?
what does it supply blood to?
right coronary artery
coming off of the aorta
right atrium and
ventricle as well as most of the initial portions of the conducting system of the heart
what is this?
what area of the heart does it supply blood to
right marginal artery
the right ventricle
what is this?
what artery does it gibe off?
what may it anatomose with?
what vein does it travel with downwards?
Posterior Interventricular Branch
that descends in the posterior interventricular groove toward the apex of the heart. In some individuals, the posterior interventricular artery is a branch of the
circumflex artery.
circumflex branch of left coronary
middle cardiac vein
what is left heart dominance? what causes it?
how common is it?
In 15% of people, circumflex branch supplies posterior interventricular branch, which is termed left heart dominance because entire interventricular septum is supplied by branches of left coronary (
what is this?
what are its two large branches?
Left Coronary Artery
left anterior descending and circumflex (which gives off the elft marginal)
what is this? what does it branch off of
why is it implicated in heart attacks?
Anterior descending Interventricular artery
supplies blood to left ventricle, which is responsible for expelling oxygenated blood out
what is this?
what artery does it run with?
where does it drain?
Great Cardiac Vein
LAD
cardiac sinus
what is this
what artery does it run with
what does it drian into
Middle Cardiac Vein
runs with posterior interventricular artery
drains into coronayr sinus
what is it?
what does it form from in the embryo
Coronary Sinus
- starts at junction between svc and pulmonary veins (about where the middle cardiac vein feeds into it)*
- on the right posterior wall*
sinus venosus
what is this?
where is this?
what did it form from?
what is it serpated from the rest of the atrium by
sinus venarum in the right atrium
smooth area from the sinus venosum
cristae terminale seperates the sinus vernarum from the trabeculated right auricle
what is this?
where is it found?
what seperates it from the other side?
what is the difference ebtween this and the msucle inside the other aitrum?
Musculi Pectinati
found on anterior wall of right atrium
seperated from the posterior wall by the crista terminalis
The musculi pectinati on the anterior wall are continuous with the ridged inner surface of the left auricle.
what is this?
where does it extend?
what does it seprate
crista terminalis
from openings of SVC to IVC
seperates: 1. sinus veranum and tabercualted right auricle
2. muscli pectinati from smooth muscle of posterior wall
what is this? where is it located?
what is a hole in this structure caused by? what can a large hole here cause?
fossa ovale
in interatrial septum
differential growth patterns/incomplete fusion of septum primum and septum secundum
a large hole oygenated blood from left atrium could go into right -> enlargement of both chambers on right side -> compensatory enlargement of pulmonary trunk
superior vena cava
inefrior vena cava
orfice of coronary sinus
hole in posterior wall below the IVC
where is the sa node located?
in right atrium near opening of SVC
where is the av node located?
at base of right atrium wall
tricupsid valve
in orfice of atriaventricular valve
right auricle
what is this?
where is this located?
Trabeculae Carnae
in the ventricles
what is this?
where does it extend from?
Moderator band
which extends from the interventricular septum to the base of the anterior papillary muscle.
This band contains Purkinje fibers which are part of the electrical conducting system of the heart.
atnerior papillary muscle
largest of the three papillary muscles and is attached to the inferior border of the anterior wall.
what is this?
what is it made of?
what would you do to hear this valve?
what does stenosis of this valve cause
pulmonary valve
seperatres pulmonary trunk and right atrium
three semilunar cusps that open and close in response to blood flow
between the second left intercostal space at the sternal edge?
often congential, not enoguh blood gets to lungs so causes cyanosis
Chordae Tendineae
what is this
what msucle is it made out of
left auricle
like the right, it is made out of musculi pectinati
The left auricle is located on the anterior portion of the left atrium, on the pulmonary artery. It is more nodulated and irregular in outline than the right.
what is this?
what comes off of here?
what does it supple blood to
circumflex artery *of left coronary artery
left marginal artery
supplies blood to laterla surface of left ventricle
what are these openings?
what is open here
openins of pulmonary veins
opened left atirum
what valve would be here
what be the result of dysfunction of this valve?
atrioventricualr orfice on the left side
where you would see bicupsid valve
pulmonary cognestion occurs because pulmonary veins drain into the heart, but, if the mtiral valve is backed up it builds up pressure
what ndoes are present here
right atria
sa node and av node
what is this?
what can its dysfunction cause?
aortic valve
left ventricle hypertrophy, if you have blood being regurgitated back into left ventricle
