Health Behaviour Models Flashcards
What is the Health Belief Model focused on?
An individual’s perception of health risks, benefits of action, barriers, and self-efficacy.
The Stages of Change Model outlines distinct ____ an individual goes through during behaviour change.
Stages.
A person weighs the pros and cons of quitting smoking but has not taken action yet. Which stage of the Stages of Change Model is this?
Contemplation.
What does Social Cognitive Theory emphasise?
Interactions between personal, behavioural, and environmental factors.
PRIME Intervention stands for Policies, ____, Information, Marketing, and Education.
Regulatory Actions.
A government enacts laws to increase taxes on sugary drinks to discourage consumption. Which PRIME Intervention component is being applied?
Regulatory actions.
How can perceived threats influence behaviour change in the Health Belief Model?
Highlighting potential consequences of unhealthy behaviours increases the perceived threat, motivating change.
During the pre-contemplation stage, individuals may not be ____ of the need for change.
Aware.
A health program models healthy eating habits by showing success stories of people who improved their diet. What technique is this?
Observational learning from Social Cognitive Theory.
What role do supportive policies play in behaviour change according to PRIME?
They promote and facilitate desired behaviours by establishing regulations.
A patient planning to exercise more receives resources and a schedule from their doctor. Which stage of the Stages of Change Model is this?
Preparation.
How can regulatory actions discourage unhealthy behaviours in PRIME interventions?
By enforcing policies like bans or restrictions to reduce access to unhealthy options.
A campaign educates people about the benefits of a smoke-free lifestyle. What component of PRIME Intervention is this?
Disseminating accurate information.
Strengthening ____ skills helps individuals manage impulses and maintain behaviour changes.
Self-regulation.
A workplace alters its environment to encourage employees to use stairs instead of elevators. Which stage of maintenance does this represent?
Altering the environment.
What strategies help foster self-efficacy in behaviour change?
Offering tools, resources, and support to boost confidence.
During relapse, individuals should be equipped with ____ strategies to overcome setbacks.
Coping.
How can incentives promote long-term behaviour change?
By providing rewards that reinforce the desired behaviour and encourage continuation.
A local community is involved in planning a fitness program to normalize healthy habits. Which strategy is this?
Community engagement.
What is cognitive reframing in behaviour change?
Changing thoughts and beliefs around a behaviour to make it more attractive and attainable.
A health app tracks progress and provides feedback on exercise goals. Which long-term strategy does this represent?
Monitoring and feedback.
Employing ____ techniques can persuade individuals to shift their behaviours.
Strategic marketing.
Health belief model:
Focus: Individual perceptions of health risks, benefits of action, barriers, and self-efficacy.
Stages of Change Model:
Focus: Distinct stages during behavior change:
- Pre-contemplation: Lack of awareness of the need for change.
- Contemplation: Weighing pros and cons.
- Preparation: Planning for the change.
- Action: Actively making the change.
- Maintenance: Sustaining the change.
- Relapse: Addressing setbacks during maintenance.
What is the primary focus during the preparation stage of the Stages of Change Model?
Assisting individuals in planning the change and providing resources.
Social cognitive theory:
Focus: Interaction of personal, behavioural, and environmental factors.
Key Elements:
- Observational learning.
- Reinforcement of positive behaviour.
- Emphasis on self-regulation skills.
PRIME Intervention:
Definition: A framework targeting multiple levels of influence through:
- Policies: Regulations that promote desired behaviours.
- Regulatory Actions: Enforcing policies to discourage unhealthy behaviours.
- Information: Educating individuals about benefits of behaviour change.
- Marketing: Strategic persuasion for behaviour shifts.
- Education: Targeted programs to equip individuals with knowledge and skills.
A city designs persuasive ads encouraging cycling instead of driving. Which PRIME component is being applied?
Marketing.
Long-Term Strategies for Behaviour Change - maintenance strategies:
Altering the environment to support behaviour.
Using incentives to reinforce behaviour.
Cognitive reframing to make changes more appealing.
How does cognitive reframing support behaviour change?
By reshaping thoughts and beliefs around behaviour to make it more attractive and attainable.
Relapse strategies involve equipping individuals with ____ and ____ to overcome setbacks.
Coping strategies; resources.
A neighborhood collectively plans to establish a community garden. What strategy is this?
Community engagement.
Education and Community Engagement Focus:
Targeted programs, community involvement, and normalising behaviours.
Focus of Monitoring and Feedback:
Tracking progress, providing feedback, and identifying areas for improvement.
Health Belief Model
Centers on an individual’s perception of health risks, benefits of action, barriers, and self-efficacy.
For sustainable change:
● Emphasize the potential consequences of an unhealthy behaviour to increase the perceived threat.
● Highlight the benefits of adopting a healthier behaviour and ways it can positively impact life .
● Address barriers by providing solutions and resources that mitigate obstacles.
● Foster self-efficacy by offering tools and support to boost confidence in making the
change .
Stages of Change Model
Focuses on distinct stages an individual goes through during behaviour change.
To ensure persistence:
● Recognise the pre-contemplation stage : Individuals may not be aware of the need for change.
● Offer support during the contemplation stage: Help them evaluate the pros and cons .
● Provide resources and guidance during the preparation stage: Assist in planning the change.
● Support maintenance during the action stage: Help individuals sustain the change over time.
● Address relapses during the maintenance stage: Equip them with coping strategies to overcome setbacks.
Social Cognitive Theory
Emphasizes interactions between personal, behavioural, and environmental factors.
To drive lasting change:
● Model the desired behaviour: Demonstrate the behaviour to encourage imitation.
● Provide opportunities for observational learning: Let individuals see positive outcomes of the behaviour in others.
● Strengthen self-regulation skills: Teach strategies to manage impulses and maintain the behaviour.
● Alter the environment: Modify surroundings to make the behaviour easier to adopt and maintain.
PRIME Intervention
PRIME (Policies, Regulatory actions, Information, Marketing, and Education) focuses on diverse levels of influence.
To ensure sustained impact:
● Establish supportive policies: Enact regulations that promote and facilitate the desired behaviour.
● Implement regulatory actions: Enforce policies that discourage unhealthy behaviours.
● Disseminate accurate information: Educate individuals about the benefits of the behaviour change.
● Employ strategic marketing: Use persuasive techniques to encourage the behaviour shift.
● Provide effective education: Offer targeted programs to equip individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge.
Strategies for long-term viability
● Monitoring and Feedback: Regularly assess progress and provide feedback to individuals to track their success and identify areas for improvement.
● Incentives: Offer rewards that reinforce the desired behavior, promoting its continuation.
● Community Engagement: Involve local communities in creating a supportive environment that encourages and normalizes the behaviour.
● Cognitive Reframing: Help individuals reframe their thoughts and beliefs around the behaviour, making it more attractive and attainable.
