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Anatomy 2 > Head, Neck and Face Muscles > Flashcards

Head, Neck and Face Muscles Flashcards

2
Q

O: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Sternal Head - upper part of the ventral surface of the manubrium of the sternum; Clavicular Head - upper border and anterior surface of the medial 1/3 of the clavicle

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3
Q

I: Sternocleidomastoid

A

lateral surface of the mastoid process and the lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occiput

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4
Q

A: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Unilaterally - bends the head laterally toward the same side, rotates the head, turning the face upward, directing it to opposite side; Bilaterally - flexes the head and neck

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5
Q

N: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Motor fibers - accessory nerve XI; Sensory fibers - anterior rami of C2 and C3 nerves

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6
Q

B: Sternocleidomastoid

A

occipital artery, superior thyroid artery

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7
Q

O: Anterior Scalene

A

transverse processes of the C3-C6

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8
Q

I: Anterior Scalene

A

scalene tubercle of the first rib

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9
Q

A: Anterior Scalene

A

when neck is fixed - elevates the first rib; when first rib is fixed - bends neck forward and laterally and rotates to the opposite side

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10
Q

N: Anterior Scalene

A

anterior rami of C4-C6

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11
Q

B: Anterior Scalene

A

inferior thyroid artery (branch of thyrocervical trunk)

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12
Q

O: Middle Scalene

A

transverse processes of C2-C7 (often also from the atlas)

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13
Q

I: Middle Scalene

A

superior surface of first rib between the tubercle and the groove for subclavian artery

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14
Q

A: Middle Scalene

A

when neck is fixed - elevates the first rib; when first rib is fixed - bends neck forward and laterally and rotates to the opposite side

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15
Q

N: Middle Scalene

A

anterior rami of C3-C8

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16
Q

B: Middle Scalene

A

ascending cervical artery

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17
Q

O: Posterior Scalene

A

transverse processes of C4-C6

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18
Q

I: Posterior Scalene

A

outer surface of the second rib

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19
Q

A: Posterior Scalene

A

raises the second rib; or same as anterior scalene if ribs fixed

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20
Q

N: Posterior Scalene

A

anterior rami of C6-C8

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21
Q

B: Posterior Scalene

A

ascending cervical artery

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22
Q

O: Longus Colli

A

transverse processes of C3-C5, bodies of C5-T3

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23
Q

I: Longus Colli

A

tubercle on anterior arch of atlas, bodies of C2-C4, transverse processes of C5-C6

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24
Q

A: Longus Colli

A

weak flexor of the neck; slightly rotates and bends the neck laterally

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25
Q

N: Longus Colli

A

ventral rami of C2-C6

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26
Q

B: Longus Colli

A

muscular branches of the aorta

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27
Q

O: Longus Capitis

A

transverse processes of C3-C6

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28
Q

I: Longus Capitis

A

inferior surface of the basilar part of the occiput

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29
Q

A: Longus Capitis

A

flexes the head and upper cervical spine

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30
Q

N: Longus Capitis

A

branches from the anterior rami of C1-C3

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31
Q

B: Longus Capitis

A

muscular branches of the aorta

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32
Q

O: Masseter

A

zygomatic arch of the maxilla

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33
Q

I: Masseter

A

angle and ramus of the mandible

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34
Q

A: Masseter

A

closes the jaw by elevating the mandible

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35
Q

N: Masseter

A

masseteric branch of mandibular nerve

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36
Q

B: Masseter

A

masseteric artery

37
Q

O: Temporalis

A

temporal fossa and fascia

38
Q

I: Temporalis

A

coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of mandible

39
Q

A: Temporalis

A

elevates mandible and closes the jaw; posterior fibers retract mandible

40
Q

N: Temporalis

A

deep temporal branches of the mandibular nerve

41
Q

B: Temporalis

A

deep temporal arteries

42
Q

Suprahyoids

A

geniohyoid, mylohyoid, stylohyoid

43
Q

O: Suprahyoids

A

geniohyoid and mylohyoid - underside of mandible; stylohyoid - styloid process

44
Q

I: Suprahyoids

A

hyoid bone

45
Q

A: Suprahyoids

A

elevates hyoid and tongue, depress mandible

46
Q

N: Suprahyoids

A

geniohyoid - C1-C2; mylohyoid - trigeminal nerve (V); stylohyoid - facial nerve (VII)

47
Q

B: Suprahyoids

A

facial, lingual, and occipital artery

48
Q

I: Digastric

A

inferior border of the mandible

49
Q

A: Digastric

A

opens the mouth by depressing the mandible; elevates the hyoid bone, retract the mandible

50
Q

N: Digastric

A

Anterior Belly - mylohyoid branch of trigeminal nerve V; Posterior Belly - digastric branch of the facial nerve VII

51
Q

B: Digastric

A

branches of the external carotid

52
Q

Infrahyoids

A

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

53
Q

O: Infrahyoids

A

Sternohyoid and Sternothyroid - top of manubrium; Thyrohyoid - thyroid cartilage; Omohyoid - superior border of the scapula

54
Q

I: Infrahyoids

A

Sternohyoid, Thyrohyoid, and Omohyoid - hyoid bone; Sternothyroid - thyroid cartilage

55
Q

A: Infrahyoids

A

depress the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage

56
Q

N: Infrahyoids

A

Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, and Omohyoid - ansa cervalis C1-C3; Thyrohyoid - fibers from C1 that course for a short distance with the hypoglossal nerve XII

57
Q

B: Infrahyoids

A

inferior and superior thyroid artery

58
Q

O: Platysma

A

fascia covering superior part of the pectoralis major

59
Q

I: Platysma

A

base of the mandible; skin of lower part of face

60
Q

A: Platysma

A

assist to depress the mandible (TMJ joint), tighten the fascia of the neck, draw down the corner of the mouth

61
Q

N: Platysma

A

facial nerve VII

62
Q

B: Platysma

A

superficial vessels of the neck

63
Q

O: Occipitofrontalis

A

galea aponeurotica

64
Q

I: Occipitofrontalis

A

frontalis - skin superior to eyebrows; occipitalis - superior nuchal line of occiput

65
Q

A: Occipitofrontalis

A

draw scalp back, raises eyebrow and wrinkles forehead in expresion of surprise

66
Q

N: Occipitofrontalis

A

posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve VII

67
Q

B: Occipitofrontalis

A

occipital artery

68
Q

Cervical Spine Flexion

A

SCM, anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli (all these muscles contribute to flexion bilaterally)

69
Q

Cervical Spine Extension

A

trapezius (upper fibers, bilaterally), levator scapulae (bilaterally), splenius capitis and cervicis (bilaterally), rectus capitis posterior major and minor, oblique capitis superior, semispinalis capitis, longissimus (assists), iliocostalis (assists), multifidi (bilaterally), rotatores (bilaterally), intertransversarii (bilaterally), interspinalis

70
Q

Cervical Spine Rotation (unilaterally to the same side)

A

levator scapula, splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, rectus capitis posterior major, oblique capitis inferior, longus colli, longus capitis, longissimus (assists), iliocostalis (assists)

71
Q

Cervical Spine Rotation (unilaterally to the opposite side)

A

trapezius (upper fibers), sternocleidomastoid, anterior scalene, middle scalene, posterior scalene, multifidi, rotatores

72
Q

Cervical Spine Lateral Flexion (unilaterally to the same side)

A

trapezius (upper fibers), levator scapula, sternocleidomastoid, anterior/middle/posterior scalenes (with ribs fixed), splenius capitis and cervicis, longus capitis, longus colli, longissimus (assists), iliocostalis (assists), oblique capitis superior, intertransversarii

73
Q

Mandible Elevation

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

74
Q

Mandible Depression

A

geniohyoid, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric (with hyoid bone fixed), platysma (assists)

75
Q

Mandible Protraction

A

lateral pterygoid (bilaterally), medial pterygoid (bilaterally), masseter (assists)

76
Q

Mandible Retraction

A

temporalis, digastric

77
Q

Mandible Lateral Deviation (unilaterally)

A

lateral pterygoid (to the opposite side), medial pterygoid (to the opposite side)

78
Q

O: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, tuberosity of maxilla

79
Q

I: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial surface of ramus of mandible

80
Q

A: Medial Pterygoid

A

elevates mandible closing jaw; acting together protrudes mandible; acting alone protrudes one side; acting alternately grinding action

81
Q

N: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial pterygoid branch of mandibular nerve (trigeminal V)

82
Q

B: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial pterygoid artery

83
Q

O: Lateral Pterygoid

A

Superior head - infratemporal crest and lateral surface of greater wing of sphenoid bone; Inferior head - lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

84
Q

I: Lateral Pterygoid

A

neck of condyle of mandible; articular disk and capsule of temporomandibular joint

85
Q

A: Lateral Pterygoid

A

opens mouth by drawing condyle and disk forward; acting together protrudes mandible; acting alternately grinding action

86
Q

N: Lateral Pterygoid

A

lateral pterygoid branch of mandibular nerve (trigeminal V)

87
Q

B: Lateral Pterygoid

A

lateral pterygoid artery

Anatomy 2 (23 decks)

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