HChem Hydrocarbon Test Flashcards
What types of hydrocarbons are saturated
Alkanes and cycloalkanes
Which types of hydrocarbons are unsaturated
Alkenes, Alkynes, cycloalkenes
What does it mean to be saturated
Containing the greatest possible number of hydrogen atoms, and so having no carbon-carbon double or triple bonds
An organic compound consisting entirely of of hydrogen and Carbon.
Hydrocarbon
What is the general formula for Alkanes
2n+2
What is the general formula for alkenes
2n
What is the general formula for cycloalkanes
2n
What is the general formula of alkynes
2n-2
What is the general formula for cycloalkenes
2n-2
Cycloalkenes are (saturated/unsaturated)
Unsaturated
In cyclo, the ring assumes the long chain position
True or false
True
What are the prefixes used to name chains
Meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, dec
Make sure to put your types of bonds in ____ order, excluding number type prefixes (di, tri, tetra)
Alphabetical
Start off with the ____ number
Lowest
What is the least reactive hydrocarbon
Alkane- double and triple bonds are reactive because they want to become single bonds to become saturated
When you have a ring, make sure you put ___
Cyclo
Additional functional groups are chlorine, fluorine, bromine, and iodine are are denoted by_____…
Chloro, fluoro, bromo, iodo
You assign double/triple bonds the lowest number possible, even if that means giving functional group higher numbers
True or false
True
The direction of the numbering must go ___ the double/triple bond
Through
Decribe the properties of a carbon atom that allow it to be the foundation of all organic compounds
4 valence electrons, it’s ability to form stable bonds
What does it mean for a hydrocarbon to be saturated
They only have single bonds
Why does water not mix with liquid hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are nonpolar and water is polar
These two will not mix together
What. Is the relationship between the number of carbon atoms and the boiling points of the alkanes
As the number of carbons in the chain increases, the boiling points increase
Why or cis or trans isomers not possible around a single or triple bond
Single bonds rotate, triple bonds have only a single carbon atom at each end
Geometric isomers have the same word ___
Formula
Structural isomers have the same number of
Cs and Hs
