HChem Chapter 19

Question 1

Characteristics of bases?

Taste, indicator, rxn with metals, conductivity, feel

Answer 1

Bitter, change in color, no, yes, slipper (soap)

Question 2

Acids start with __

Answer 2

H

Question 3

Acid- substance must contain H proton, must be able to produce H in solution through dissociation
Base- contain OH-, produce OH- in solution

Answer 3

Arrhenius

Question 4

Acid- anything that donates an H+ proton

Base- anything that accepts an H+ proton (NH3)

Answer 4

Bronsted- Lowrey

Question 5

Acid- electron pair acceptor

Base- electron pair donator

Answer 5

Lewis

Question 6

What are the 7 strong acids

Answer 6

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, HClO3, H2SO4

Question 7

What are the 8 strong bases

Answer 7

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2

Question 8

Name the following
HCl
HI
HNO4
HClO3
H2SO2
H2CO

Answer 8

Hydrochloric acid
Hydroiodic acid
Pernitric acid
Chloric acid
Hyposulfurous
Hypocarbonous

Question 9

If you’re finding the ph of something with a hydrogen concentration of 0.00125, how many sig figs would you have in your ph answer

Answer 9

Four (3 decimals places)

Question 10

Molarity=

Answer 10

Moles of solid solute/L of solution

Question 11

Explain the difference between a strong base and a weak base in terms of pH values AND hydroxide ion concentrations

Answer 11

A strong base is something like sodium hydroxide which is fully ionic. You can think of the compound as being 100% split up into metal ions and hydroxide ions in solution. The pH of a strong acid will have a smaller exponent and therefore be bigger.
The pH of a weak acid will have a higher exponent and be smaller
Only about 1% of a weak base produces hydroxide ions

Question 12

When you add acid and water together, you _____ heat
Adding acid to water is preferably because water will absorb the energy, but if you add the acid first, the glass will absorb energy and heat will produce

Answer 12

Release

Question 13

Ka of HCN

Answer 13

Ka= [H+][CN-]/[HCN]

Question 14

Ka=

Answer 14

Concentration of products/concentration of reactants

Question 15

When solving a Ka equation, always _____. If your answer is greater than 5 percent, use ___________ _______.

Answer 15

Assume, quadratic formula

Question 16

A strong acid _________ completely

Answer 16

Dissociates

Question 17

The majority of weak acids are __________

Answer 17

Organic (complex)

Question 18

You do not need to show water with weak acids because it’s molarity is _____

Answer 18

1

Question 19

Always show water with weak bases ionizations because it acts as the _________ donator

Answer 19

Proton

Question 20

The conjugate base will always be one more ____

While the conjugate acid will always be one more ______

Answer 20

Negative, positive

Question 21

Characteristics of acids?

Taste, indicator, rxn with metals, conductivity, feel

Answer 21

Sour, change in color, up to H2, yes

Question 22

If you add an acid to a base _____

If you add a base to an acid _____

Answer 22

Stays pink

Flashes pink