chem chapter 2 test Flashcards
a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter
intensive property
a material’s ability to be stretched into a wire
ductility
a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample
extensive property
the degree to which a specified material conducts electricity, calculated as the ratio of the current density in the material to the electric field that causes the flow of current. It is the reciprocal of the resistivity.
conductivity
physical property of matter, usually metals. It usually applies to the family groups 1 to 12 on the modern periodic table of elements. It is the ability of a solid to bend or be hammered into other shapes without breaking.
malleability
they have fixed compositions, one set of intrinsic properties (density, melting point, boiling point) and can be separated only by chemical means
pure substances
the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change
chemical property
a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition
physical property
these have variable composition. their physical properties vary depending on the composition. They can be separated by physical means
mixtures
exists in one phase only and has uniform properties throughout the sample
homogeneous
may exist in more than one phase and have variable properties in different parts of the sample
heterogeneous
these cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. The smallest particle of this is called an atom
element
these are made of elements in fixed mass ratios. They can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
compound
the release of heat
exothermic
the absorption of heat
endothermic
does the composition of a pure substance vary?
no
what is elasticity
the ability to stretch and return to its original size
are the following physical or chemical?
frying an egg
mixing salt and water
fireworks exploding
Chemical, Physical, Chemical
are the following physical or chemical properties
flammable, dissolves in water, produces a different gas when heated, melting point
CP, PP, CP, PP
Physical or Chemical Change?
a tire is inflated with air, water freezes, pancakes cook on a griddle, grass grows on a lawn
PC, PC, CC, PC
a physical property is determined with destroying ___________.
matter
Chemical or Physical Change?
Silver tarnishes, Heat changes H20 to steam, Milk sours, wood rots, food is digested
CC, PC, CC, CC, CC
chemical or physical property
sour taste, boiling point, luster, odor
PP, PP, PP, PP
two substances are mixed together and light is produced is a ___
chemical change
when ice cream melts, does a chemical change occur?
NO
heterogeneous or homogeneous?
wood, freshly-brewed black coffee, salt, water, dirt, milk
E, O, O, O, E, O
element, compound, or mixture?
water, seawater, sugar, air, ice, big mac
C, M, C, M, C, M
physical or chemical property
conductor of heat, density, flammable, not affected by acids, malleable
P, P, C, C, P
physical or chemical change
making hydrogen from water
chemical
intensive or extensive property?
mass, density, melting point, color, volume, length, temperature
E, I, I, I, E, E, E
what is ammonia
compound
al alloys are ___________ _____________.
homogeneous mixtures
solid waste dump is a ______ ________.
heterogeneous mixtures
Group ______ are highly reactive in water
1A
liquid nitrogen exposed to air becomes nitrogen gas is a ______ change
physical (still nitrogen)
the smallest unit of a pure substance is an ___
atom
which word best describes the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture
composition (then, appearance)
Intensive or Extensive?
flammability, not affected by acids, temperature, tendency to rust
I, I, E, I
The copper sheath on the statue of liberty turns green is a chemical change, but more specifically is
tarnish, or oxidation (loss of electrons)
what does LEO says GER mean
lost electrons oxidation, gained electrons reduction
the production of light by a glowworm is a ______ change
chemical
A+B——->C is indicating a _________
pure substance (uniform composition-new properties)
molecules are _____ atoms that must be _______
bonded, different
homogeneous mixtures are also
solutions
what are ways to separate mixtures
evaporation, filtration, magnetism, distillation
is blood hetero or homogeneous
hetero
A+B——->AB indicates a _______
mixture (composition vary, properties retained)
what is redox
oxidation and reduction
happens when electrons are lost (oxidation) and gained (reduction)
in the Penny Lab, what was being oxidized and reduced, what was created
zinc, oxidized
copper, reduced
zinc zincate
what is a property
characteristic of a certain thing
element rules :
single letter symbols are derived from _____ name
three letter symbols means the element is ______
sometimes derived from _____/______ of discovery, or _______ name
english, man made, city/state, scientist’s
some elements are derived from the ____ name like sodium
if two elements have same first two letters, often symbols are ____ and ____ letters (like Magnesium and Manganese)
latin, first, third
change in which the identity of the substance does not change
physical change
a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter
chemical change
