HAZARDS CLASSIFICATION: TYPES OF HAZARDS Flashcards
SAFETY HAZARDS:
GENERAL CLASSIFICATION
BEEFCCCRM
- Biological
- Fire
- Electrical
- Chemical
- Mechanical (Physical)
- Radiation
- Compressed gasses
- Cryogenic materials
- Ergonomic
– “may transmit infectious disease”
Medical waste
● Discard sharps in puncture resistant containers located within the work area.
● Needles should NOT be transported, recapped, bent or broken by hand
BIOLOGICAL HAZARD
Employers of health care workers must establish and implement an
infectious waste program
All_______ should be placed in a bag marked with the biohazard symbol and then placed into a leakproof container that is puncture resistant and equipped with a solid, tight-fitting lid.
biomedical waste
Biomedical waste- All containers must be clearly marked with the word_____ or its symbol.
biohazard
should not be transported, recapped, bent, or broken by hand
Needles
__________waste should undergo preliminary treatment on-site.
Highly pathogenic
True or False
Potentially biohazardous material, such as blood or blood products and contaminated laboratory waste, cannot be directly discarded.
TRUE
○ Contaminated combustible waste can be_______.
○ Contaminated noncombustible waste, such as glassware, should be______ before being discarded.
○ Special attention should be given to the discarding of _____, _____, and _____that could also inflict accidental cuts or punctures
incinerated
autoclaved
syringes, needles, and broken glass
4 factors causing fire:
1) Fuel
2) Heat
3) Oxygen
4) Uninhibited reaction
Fires involving ordinary combustible materials such as cloth, wood, rubber, paper and many plastics.
A (Ordinary Combustibles)
Fires involving flammable liquids and vapors, such as grease, gasoline, oil, and oil-based paints
B Flammable Liquids
Fires involving electric equipment such as appliances, tools, or other equipment that is plugged into an electricity source.
C Electrical Equipment
Fires Involving combustible, reactive, or flammable metals
D Combustible Metals
Fires involving high temperature cooking oils, grease or fat such as vegetable oils, animal oil, or fats typically found in commercial kitchens.
K Cooking Oils
A
Ordinary combustibles
B
Flammable liquids
C
Electrical equipment
D
Combustible metals
K
Cooking oils
A (Water)
A (Ordinary Combustibles)
D (Dry powder)
Combustible metals
K (Potassium based alkaline liquid)
K Cooking Oils
PASS
Pull in
Aim nozzle
Squeeze trigger
Sweep nozzle
For use on
Wood
Paper
Textiles etc.
WATER
Water
Do not use on
Flammable Liquid
Live Electrical equipment
Dry powder
For use on
À Wood, Paper, Textiles etc.
B Flammable liquids
C Gaseous fires
Live electrical equipment
Foam
For use on
Do not use on
Wood, Paper, Textiles etc.
Flammable liquids
Live electrical equipment
CO2
For use on
Do not use in a
Flammable liquids
Live electrical equipment
confined space
Electrical Hazards
a) Direct effects:
b) Indirect effects:
- Shock
- Burns
- Death
- Explosion Fire
Employees must be notified of the potential health hazards of the handled chemicals
Chemical hazard
(MSDS)
Material Safety Data Sheets
An MSDS lists:
■ Product Identity
■ Hazardous Ingredients
■ Physical Data
■ Fire & Explosion Hazard Data
■ Reactivity Data
■ Health Hazard Data
■ Precautions for Safe Handling & Use
■ Control Measures
BLUE
HEALTH HAZARD
4- Deadly
3 - Extreme danger
2 - Hazardous
1 - Slightly hazardous
0 - Normal material
RED
FIRE HAZARD
Flash Point
4 - Below 73° F
3 - Below 100° F
2 - Below 200° F
1 - Above 200° F
0 - Will not burn
YELLOW
REACTIVITY
4 - May detonate
3 - Shock and heat may detonate
2 - Violent Chemical change
1 - Unstable if heated
0 - Stable
WHITE
Oxidizer
Acid
Alkali
Corrosive
Use NO WATER
Radiation Hazard
Specific Hazard
OXY
ACID
ALK
COR
W na may line
3 na murag clover
TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS FRCITE
Flammable
Corrosive
Reactive
Toxic
Irritant
Environmental Hazard
- Materials which burn or ignite.
Examples: Acetonitrile, Methanol, Diesel Fuel, Mineral Spirits
FLAMMABLE
- Materials which cause visible destruction and/or irreversible alterations at point of contact.
Examples: Acetic Acid, Photographic Fixer, Sodium Hydroxide
CORROSIVE
- Materials which are liable to explode or react violently on contact with air, water or other chemicals.
Examples: Benzoyl Peroxide, Nitric Acid, Picric Acid, Silane, Sodium Metal
REACTIVE
- Materials which cause harm if they enter the body, such as carcinogens, mutagens, and poisons.
Examples: Benzene, Bromine, Powdered Inks and/or Pigments, Sodium Azide, Formaldehyde
TOXIC
- Materials which cause harm by irritating the eyes and/or skin, and cause allergic reactions, drowsiness, lack of coordination and/or organ damage.
IRRITANT
- Materials which are toxic and/or cause harm to the environment at large, particularly aquatic animals.
Examples: Anthrax, Arsenic, Asbestos, Lead, Mercury, Oil
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD
a.k.a. Physical Hazards
○ Centrifugation lapses
○ Lab glassware
Mechanical Hazard
Mechanical Hazard
1) Avoid running in rooms and hallways
2) Watch for wet floors
3) Bend knees when lifting heavy objects
4) Keep long hair pulled back
5) Avoid dangling jewelry
6) Maintain clean and organized work area
7) Wear closed toe-shoes
Ionizing radiation can damage living tissue in the human body
Radiation hazard
● All compressed gases are hazardous because of the high pressures inside the cylinders.
COMPRESSED GASSES
Liquid nitrogen
Cryogenic Material
Causes strain disorders
Ergonomic Hazard
Ergonomic Hazard
Primary contributing factors:
1) Posture/position
2) Applied force
3) Frequency of repetition
Ergonomic hazard
Prevention strategies:
○ Job rotation to minimize repetitive tasks (work practice controls)
○ Computer wrist/ arm pads (engineering controls)
