Has affirmative action been effective? 4.5

Question 1

what are 4 point of views on the topic of affirmative

Answer 1

• Often Republicans, they believe affirmative action should end, arguing it discourages hard work and that inequality today is more about personal choices than past discrimination.

-They see value in affirmative action but think it should eventually phase out when it’s no longer needed.

• Support fixing affirmative action programs to improve their impact rather than ending them.
• Mostly Democrats, they argue affirmative action is still essential, as racial inequalities in education, policing, and wealth persist and need further action.

Question 2

summarise Shelby County v Holder (2013)

Answer 2

• The Supreme Court removed a part of the Voting Rights Act that identified which places needed federal approval to change their voting laws.
• The Court said the rule was based on old data and didn’t match current voting conditions.
• Without this rule, the requirement for these places to get federal approval for voting changes couldn’t be enforced.
• Many of these places quickly made changes to their voting laws, raising concerns about possible discrimination against voters.