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3 Haematology > Haematopoesis > Flashcards

Haematopoesis Flashcards

1
Q

platelets have/dont have a nucleus

A

dont have

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2
Q

name the granulocytes

A

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils

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3
Q

what do eosinophils do?

A

destroy parasites

modulate hypersensitivity reactions

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4
Q

what do basophils do?

A

modulate hypersensitivity reactions

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5
Q

how do monocytes differ morphologically from granulocytes?

A

nucleus is not segmented

not granular

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6
Q

when does a monocyte become a macrophage?

A

when it goes into a tissue

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7
Q

lifespan of neutrophils?

A

7-8hrs

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8
Q

which would be the first cell to drop in numbers if the bone marrow is non-functioning?

A

neutrophils

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9
Q

would platelets or RBCs drop in numbers first if the bone marrow is non-functioning?

A

platelets

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10
Q

earliest form of a neutrophil?

A

myeloblast

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11
Q

how does the nucleus of a neutrophil change as it develops?

A

it becomes more segmented as it matures

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12
Q

platelet precursor cell?

A

megakaryocyte

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13
Q

which cells in the bone marrow are polypoid and why?

A

megakaryocytes

cytoplasm doesnt divide but still forms platelets

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14
Q

describe the daughter cells of a haematopoetic stem cell; how many does it make?

A

2
1 daughter cell identical to it
1 daughter cell different to it

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15
Q

what cell has the ability to self renew?

A

haematopoetic stem cell

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16
Q

bone marrow starts developing at week _

A

16

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17
Q

first site of erythroid activity in development?

A

yolk sac

18
Q

haematopoeietic stem cells originate in the __derm

A

meso

19
Q

describe the arterial supply of the bone marrow

A

nutrient artery and periosteal network -> arterioles -> sinusoids

20
Q

how do sinusoids differ from capillaries?

A

larger

discontinuous basement membrane

21
Q

what are fenestrations?

A

gaps in bone marrow sinusoids that allow mature RBCs to leave

22
Q

what happens to sinusoids when red cells are released

A

inc blood flow

sinusoids dilate

23
Q

describe the relationship between megakaryocytes and sinusoids

A

MKCs extend long branching processes called proplatelets into the sinusoidal blood vessels

24
Q

what is yellow marrow? when is at its most populous?

A

fat

when youre older

25
Q

myeloid:erythroid ratio is usually…

A

1.5-3 : 1

26
Q

neutrophil precursor maturation is regulated by…

A

granulocyte-colony stimulating factor

27
Q

what hormone regulates growth and development of megakaryocytes?

A

thrombopoetin (as it eventually makes platelets)

28
Q

“horseshoe nucleus”

A

monocyte

29
Q

lymphoid cells require what extra test for assessment that non-lymphoid cells dont?

A

immunophenotyping

30
Q

neutrophils primarily reside in the blood/tissues

A

tissues

31
Q

what cells can marginate on the endothelial surface of BVs?

A

neutrophils

32
Q

myelocytes are precursor cells of what cells?

A

neutrophils

33
Q

earliest precursor cell of a macrophage after a myeloblast?

A

promonocyte

34
Q

why do you get an neutrophilia in steroid use?

A

break down marginating neutrophils so they have to circulate

35
Q

mast cell tryptase is released from..

A

mast cells

36
Q

mast cell tryptase is a marker of ..

A

degranulation

inc mast cells

37
Q

cytoplasm is minimal/plentiful in monocytes

A

plentiful

38
Q

monocytes circulate for __ days before entering the tissues

A

1-2

39
Q

abundant blue cytoplasm wrapping against neighbouring red blood cells….

A

glandular fever

40
Q

non-EBV causes of glandular fever

A

HIV
CMV
viral hepatitis
toxoplasma

41
Q

IgM antibodies confirm recent/past infection

A

recent

42
Q

IgG antibodies confirm recent/past infection

A

past

3 Haematology (30 decks)

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