Cytotoxic Drugs Flashcards
what kind of leukaemia has the worst prognosis
acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia
in what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate?
S phase
in what phase of the cell cycle does mitosis occur?
M phase
what do antimetabolites do?
impair nucleoside synthesis
give an example of an antimetabolite
methotrexate
hydroxyurea
main targets of chemotherapeutic drugs
ENZYMES involved in DNA synthesis
how do alkylating agents target cancer?
bind to DNA bases
produce free radicals which mutates cancer DNA strands
give an example of a cytotoxic antibiotic class
anthracyclines
how do cytotoxic antibiotics attack cells?
impair RNA transcription
make free radicals
side effect of anthracyclines
cardiotoxicity
general side effects of cytotoxic drugs
bone marrow suppression
gut mucosal damage
hair loss
what cytotoxic drug can cause infertility
alkylating agents
what cytotoxic drug can cause cardiomyopathy?
anthracyclines
what happens to the cell with a large chemo dose
necrosis NB NOT apoptosis
what blood cancers respond best to chemo
lymphoma
CLL
acute leukaemia
