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Histology > H9 - Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

H9 - Nervous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

allows rapid communication between widely spread parts of the body by the action of neurons

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2
Q

What is the function of neurons?

A

gather and process information to generate an appropriate response

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3
Q

What are the definitive properties of a neuron?

A

cell body - nucleus and cell organelles
axon - transmits data from neuron to other cells
dendrites - increase surface area of connections
synapses - specialised junctions which allow communication

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4
Q

What are the types of neurons?

A

multipolar - many dendrites one axon
bipolar - one dendrite one axon
pesudounipolar - short processes rise to axon in one direction

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5
Q

What is the function of glial cells?

A

provide support and insulation to the neurones

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6
Q

What are the definitive properties of astrocytes?

A
  • many numerous processes
  • star shaped
  • no connective tissue
  • in CNS
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7
Q

What are the roles of astrocytes?

A
  • support
  • maintaining the blood brain barrier
  • environmental haemostatis
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8
Q

What cells produce myelin in the CNS?

A

oligodendrocytes

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9
Q

What are the definitive properties of microgilia?

A
  • immune monitoring and antigen presentation
  • monitor the brain
  • have an elongated nuclei
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10
Q

What are the definitive properties of ependymal cells?

A
  • cuboidal / columnar epithelium that lines the cavities in the CNS
  • heavily ciliated
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11
Q

What are ganglia?

A

neuronal delay centres in the PNS

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12
Q

What is the bundles of axons that surround a peripheral nerve?

A

fasicle

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13
Q

What surrounds the whole nerve?

A

epineurium

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14
Q

What surround a faciscle?

A

perineurium

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15
Q

What surrounds fibres in a fasicle?

A

endoneurium

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16
Q

Where are unmyelinated cells found?

A

in clefts in the cell membranes of schwann cells

17
Q

What forms myelin sheaths in the CNS?

A
  • oligodendrocytes

- each one makes myelin around one axon

18
Q

What forms myelin sheaths in the PNS?

A
  • schwann cells

- each one makes on myelin sheath around one single axon

19
Q

What are the regularly spaced intervals where the axon is exposed in CNS nerves ?

A

nodes of raviner

20
Q

What is the difference white and grey matter?

A

grey matter - neurons, cell processes, synapses, support cells

white matter - axons, supporting cells, no nerve bodies

Histology (13 decks)

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