Growth and repair

Question 1

what are the 2 types of cell division

Answer 1

mitosis and meiosis

Question 2

what does mitosis create in detail

Answer 2

it creates 2 genetically identically diploid daughter cells

Question 3

what 3 things are mitosis used for

Answer 3

growth
repair
asexual reproduction

Question 4

what are the stages of mitosis

Answer 4

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
cytokinesis

Question 5

what is interplace

Answer 5

a stage in the life cycle of a cell where the DNA has been copied

Question 6

what happens in prophase

Answer 6

the nucleic membrane disappears
spindle fibres start forming

Question 7

what happens in metaphase

Answer 7

spindle fibres the chromosomes all the center of the cell

Question 8

what happens in anaphase

Answer 8

the spindle fibres pull the chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell

Question 9

what happens in telophase

Answer 9

a new nucleic membranes start to form around the chromosomes

Question 10

what happens in cytokinesis

Answer 10

the cell splits into 2

Question 11

what is differentiation

Answer 11

when cells become specialised

Question 12

what are cancer cells

Answer 12

abnormal cells that divided uncontrollably

Question 13

what are 4 examples of animal-specialised cells

Answer 13

red blood cells
egg cells
sperm cells
nerve cells
bone cells
muscle cells

Question 14

what happens after an egg is fertilised

Answer 14

it will divide by mitosis to produce identical cells that will eventually differentiate into different types of cells to make up the whole organism

Question 15

where does plant mitosis happen

Answer 15

roots and shoots

Question 16

what happens in the zone of elongation

Answer 16

cells get larger, as their vacuole absorbs water by osmosis

Question 17

what are 3 examples of specialised plant cells

Answer 17

xylem
phloem
root hair cells
stoma cells

Question 18

what is the definition of growth

Answer 18

a permanent increase in size

Question 19

what are percentile charts used for

Answer 19

used to show if a child is growing faster or slower than is normal for their age

Question 20

what does the 95th percentile say on a percentile chart

Answer 20

95% of babies have a weight less than that

Question 21

what are stem cells

Answer 21

unspecialised cells that can produce specialised cells

Question 22

what are the 3 types of stem cells

Answer 22

embryonic stem cells
adult stem cells
meristems

Question 23

where do you get embryonic stem cells

Answer 23

stem cells that are taken from embryos at a very early stage of cell division

Question 24

where do you get adult stem cells

Answer 24

found in bone marrow

Question 25

what are meristems and where are they found

Answer 25

roots and shoots, can divide into any plant cell

Question 26

what are 3 uses of embryonic stem cells

Answer 26

• replacing or repairing brain cells to treat Parkinson’s
• replacing damaged cells in the retina of the eat to treat some kinds of blindness
• growing new tissue in the lab to use for transplants or drug tests

Question 27

what are 2 uses of stem cells

Answer 27

treatment of leukimia
to grow new tissues that are genetically matched to the patient

Question 28

what is the danger of stem cells

Answer 28

may not stop dividing and could cause cancer

Question 29

what are 2 pros of embryonic stem cells

Answer 29

easy to extract
produce any type of cell

Question 30

what is a negative of embryonic stem cells

Answer 30

embryo destroyed, ethical problems

Question 31

what are 2 positives of adult stem cells

Answer 31

no ethical issues
if taken from the person, it will not be rejected by the body
produce only a few types of cells