Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

which 2 scientists discovered evolution

A

Wallace and Darwin

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2
Q

what is natural selection

A

where the environment selects which individual survives and passes on their genes, this means that organisms that are better suited to survive will pass on their genes

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3
Q

give 3 reasons why the theory of evolution is so important

A
  • it helps us understand the relationships between different organisms
  • it explains how species evolved
  • it explains how different species adapt to the changes in their environment
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4
Q

what are the 5 species of humans from oldest to present

A

Ardipithecus ramidus
Australopithecus afarensis
homo habilis
homo erectus
homo sapiens

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5
Q

what happened to brain size as humans evolved

A

they increased

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6
Q

what is evidence that humans became smarter

A

stone tools

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7
Q

how can stone tools be dated

A

you can use the radiation of the sediment just above and below the tool to date the sediment and find when the tools were left there

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8
Q

did humans get taller true or false

A

true

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9
Q

what are the 2 ways to classify organisms

A

5 kingdoms
three-domain system

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10
Q

what are the 5 kingdoms

A

plants
animals
fungi
protists
prokaryotes

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11
Q

what are the 3 domains

A

Eubacteria
Archaea
Eukaryota

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12
Q

what limb structure do most living things share

A

pentadactyl limb

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13
Q

what is selective breeding

A

is when plants or animals with certain desirable characteristics are bred together so that the offspring will produce the desired characteristics as well

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14
Q

what are 5 reasons organisms are selectively bred for

A

disease resistance
increased yield
increased ability to cope with difficult conditions
faster growth
better flavour

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15
Q

what is a disadvantage of selective breeding

A

may cause organisms to suffer

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