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Botany > Group A simple (6-11) > Flashcards

Group A simple (6-11) Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The most important pathways of primary metabolism: the role of plants, fungi and bacteria in the biosphere (their relationships with animals) MAIN PART
A

Microbiome:

Main goals of primary metabolism:

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2
Q
  1. The most important pathways of primary metabolism: the role of plants, fungi and bacteria in the biosphere (their relationships with animals) Main goals of primary metabolism:
A

citric acid cycle: :

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3
Q
  1. The most important pathways of primary metabolism: the role of plants, fungi and bacteria in the biosphere (their relationships with animals) Microbiome:
A

Importance of microbiome:
Bacteria
Bacterial cellular respiration/generation of energy:
The role of archae in the biosphere:
The role of protozoans in the biosphere:
the role of fungal lifestyle in nature:
interactions of plants and fungi (mycorrhiza, endophytic and yeasts)

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4
Q
  1. The most important pathways of primary metabolism: the role of plants, fungi and bacteria in the biosphere (their relationships with animals) Microbiome:
A

Importance of microbiome:
Bacteria
Bacterial cellular respiration/generation of energy:
The role of archae in the biosphere:
The role of protozoans in the biosphere:
the role of fungal lifestyle in nature:
interactions of plants and fungi (mycorrhiza, endophytic and yeasts)

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5
Q
  1. Photosythesis and respiration and their role in plant metabolism
A

Photosynthesis: Chloroplast components,Happens in the chlorophyll in chloroplast
Respiration
The relationship between the photosynthesis and respiration:

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6
Q
  1. The role of secondary metabolites; major carbohydrate and phenoloid compounds (MAIN PART)
A 
Primary metabolites:
Secondary metabolites:
Role of secondary metabolism in plants:
Main groups of secondary metabolites:
Carbohydrates
Phenolids
Cinnamic acid derivates:
Shikimic acid derivates
Biological effects of (iso)flavonoids:
Biological effects of tannins:
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7
Q
  1. The role of secondary metabolites; major carbohydrate and phenoloid compounds: Carbohydrates
A 
Disaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates with antinutritive effects
Non-digestible oligosaccharides
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8
Q
  1. The role of secondary metabolites; major carbohydrate and phenoloid compounds: Cinnamic acid derivates:
A

Lignoids
Coumarines
Phenolic glycosides
Quinones

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9
Q
  1. The role of secondary metabolites; major carbohydrate and phenoloid compounds: Shikimic acid derivates (quinone is also):
A

Flavonoids
Biflavonids
Tannins

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10
Q
  1. The major groups of polyketides and terpenoids (MAIN PART)
A

Main groups of secondary metabolites:(Polynnes)
Terpenoids
Polyketides

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11
Q
  1. The major groups of polyketides and terpenoids: Terpenoids
A 
Monoterpenes, C10:
Effects and function of monoterpenes (C10)
Non-volatile monoterpene derivates
Sesquiterpenes (C15)
Diterpenes (C20)
Bitter substances
Triterpenes (C30)
Triterpenoid saponins
Phytosterols
Steroidal saponins
Cardiac glycosides
Steroidal glycoalkaloids
Tetraterpenes (C40)
Polyterpenes (C40)
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12
Q
  1. The major groups of azotoids (MAIN PART)
A 
Major groups of Azotids:
Universal azotids:
Simple specific azotids:
Cyanogenic compounds:
Glucosinolates:
Alkaloids(Alkaloid units:)
Major effects:
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13
Q
  1. The major groups of azotoids; Universal azotids:
A

Amino acids and derivates
Lectins
Nucleic acid and derivates

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14
Q
  1. The major groups of azotoids; Simple specific azotids:
A 
Specific non-proteinogenic amino acids
Biogenic amines and amides
Protoalkaloids
Purine alkaloids (derivates)
Pyrimidine derivates
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15
Q
  1. The major groups of azotoids; Chemicals
A 
Tropane alkaloids:
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA)
Quinolizidine alkaloids
Piperdine alkaloids (derived from lysine):
Piperidine alkaloids (not derived from lysine)
Pyridine alkaloids
Isoquinoline alkaloids
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids
Phenylethylisoquinoline alkaloids
Quinoline alkaloids
Indole alkaloids
Pseudoalkaloids
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16
Q
  1. Antinutritional compounds in forages (regarding to the biosynthetic pathways) (MAIN PART)
A

Antinutritional factors (ANFs):
Effects on animals:
Carbohydrates with antinutritive effects 􏰡 Non-starch polysaccharides (NSP)
Non-digestible oligosaccharides:
Phytic acid and phytates:
Phenoloids with antinutritive effects 􏰡 Tannins:
Isoflavanoids
Polyketids with antinutirtive effect 􏰸 Erucic acid:
Terpenoids with antinutritive effects 􏰡 Saponins:
Gossypol
Azotoids with antinutritive effects 􏰡 Non proteinogenic amino acids:
Water soluble peptids of low molecular weight:
Protease inhibitors:
Lectins
Glycosinolates
Poisonous azotids:

Botany (17 decks)

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