Group 6.B, Aluminum Storefronts and Entrances, Part II: Entrance Types and Operating Hardware Flashcards
Entrance door are classified based on:
Thermal performance
Size
Ease of operation
Method of operation
Method of operation
The four types of entrance doors are:
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
Under normal conditions, where high winds, air infiltration, heat loss and stack effect are not critical
considerations, ______type doors are most commonly used.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
swinging
The _____ type has the advantage of not projecting beyond the plane of the entrance when open, but has the disadvantage of requiring power operation for public use.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
sliding
The _____ type door requires the least operating effort.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
balanced
Under windy conditions, the ______ type can become difficult to operate manually against the wind and is vulnerable to wind damage.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
swinging
The impacts of wind on affected doors may be minimized by _____ the entrance or by using a balanced pivot mounting or automatic operators.
enlarging
shrinking
recessing
covering
recessing
____ and ____ type doors are
unaffected by wind. (2)
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
sliding
revolving
Under conditions where air leakage and heat loss or gain are critical, the revolving type provides the most effective closure against air and water infiltration.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
revolving
Under conditions where stack effect is a problem,
_______ types may become difficult to operate due to
pressure differentials.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
swinging
______ and ______ types are
unaffected operationally by pressure differentials.
swinging
balanced
sliding
revolving
sliding
revolving
For many swing type entrance door manufacturers, the hand is determined based on the location of the hinge viewed from the ____ and assuming the door swings ____.
outside / in
inside / in
outside / out
inside / out
outside / in
A door that swings out or ‘pulls’ from the outside, with hinges on the right when viewed from the interior is considered a ____ swing.
left hand
left hand reverse
right hand
right hand reverse
left hand reverse
A door that swings in or ‘pushes’ from the outside, with hinges on the right when viewed from the exterior is considered a ____ swing:
left hand
left hand reverse
right hand
right hand reverse
right hand
Most commercial exterior swing doors are________ - that is, they open only to the exterior or to the interior.
accessible
single-acting
double-acting
fire rated
single-acting
Most commercial exterior swing doors open only to the _____ for the sake of safety in the event of fire or other cause for rapid building evacuation.
side
interior
exterior
fire department
exterior
Which of the following is a reason double-acting doors are in general not recommended for
public entrances:
*they increase the likelihood of interference between in-traffic and out-traffic
*they cannot be made as weathertight as single-acting doors
*they can accommodate two-way wheel traffic
*they do not remain closed under high stack effect
pressures.
*they can accommodate two-way wheel traffic
Three of the main criteria to observe for choosing swing doors are that the:
arc of a door swing should not be limited to
_______.
entrance should always be _________ the
building face
hinge jamb should be located to permit a
swing of _____degrees
90 degrees
recessed from
105 degrees
AAMA provides a door selection guide as part of the _____ standard.
SFM-1-14
The primary selection considerations for swing entry doors are:
(Hint S.U.H.)
size
usage
hardware
Swinging Doors: Sizes;
These four size-related parameters are important factors in the door selection process:
WHTP
Width
Height
Thickness
Panel weight
Swinging Doors: Sizes
As door width or height increases, so does its weight. in most cases, this can be alleviated by selecting wider _____and/or adding extra hanging hardware.
openings
stiles
rails
handles
stiles
Swinging Doors: Usage
When determining usage factors, a door is examined for its size relationship to its projected number of _____ ____, ____ type, and exposure to ______ _____.
OTW
Operating cycles
Traffic Type
Wind forces.
Swinging Doors: Usage:
“_______ __ ___ “relates to the number of daily open and close operating cycles and generally determines the useful life of a door.
Frequency of use
Swinging Doors: Usage:
Traffic types are divided into three categories. What are they?
(CAN)
Careful,
Normal
Abusive.
Match the traffic type to the description below:
Traffic which gently uses the push bar or pull handle, enters and lets the door close under the action of a properly functioning door closer.
Usually results from severe
actions such as kicking, climbing on, forcing shut
or forcing open a door beyond its intended limits.
Usually involves a combination of
both careful operation and intermittent abusive
operation.
“Careful” traffic _ gently uses the push bar or pull handle, enters and lets the door close under the action of a properly functioning door closer.
“Normal” traffic usually involves a combination of
both careful operation and intermittent abusive
operation.
“Abusive” traffic usually results from severe
actions such as kicking, climbing on, forcing shut
or forcing open a door beyond its intended limits.
Sliding Doors
The three basic types of sliding doors for commercial
application are:
• \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, normally with a fixed panel • \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_with two or more tracks and sliding panels • \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_door, either 90 degrees or parallel stacking
Double track
Multi-slide door
Single track multi-slide stack
Revolving doors:
Revolving doors offer many advantages over conventional swing type entrance doors. Which of the following is NOT among them:
Maintenance requirements are low
They afford positive traffic control – in and out
Heating and cooling losses are held to a minimum
Stack effect caused by drafts or winds is eliminated
They are more ideal for wheelchair access
They minimize ingress of dust and polluted air.
They are more ideal for wheelchair access
Revolving doors
Revolving door units may be installed:
centered on the face of a wall
completely inside the wall
completely outside the face of the wall
all of the above
all of the above
Revolving doors
Revolving door units should generally not be installed with the line of door swing less than ___ inches from the foot of an ascending stair, or less than ___ inches from the head of a descending stair.
36 / 60
72 / 48
48 / 72
60 / 36
60 / 36
Revolving Doors:
A ____foot diameter door configuration is
considered minimal, and a _____ foot diameter optimal.
5 / 6
7 / 8
6 / 7
8 / 9
6 / 7
Revolving Doors:
Which revolving door configuration best facilitates wheelchair use?
Completely inside the wall
Three-wing, leaves 120 degrees apart.
Four-wing, leave 90 degrees apart.
7-foot diameter.
Three-wing, leaves 120 degrees apart
Revolving Doors:
The primary advantages of a three-wing revolving door over a 4-wing configuration are:
Greater traffic flow.
Revolving Doors:
The primary advantages of a three-wing revolving door over a 3-wing configuration is
Handle wheelchair traffic
Accommodate individuals with luggage
Permit adults to accompany small children
Hardware:
The selection of hardware must meet 5 key criteria. What are they?
Security Safety Durability Maintenance ease. Compatibility - (shape and finish)
Hardware:
The three categories for hardware are:
(OSA)
Operating hardware:
Securing hardware
Accessory hardware:
Hardware:
door stops and holders, push-pulls, thresholds and protective plates are examples of which hardware category:
Operating hardware:
Securing hardware
Accessory hardware:
Accessory hardware:
Hardware:
Butt hinges, pivots, door closers and balanced door mechanisms, are examples of which hardware category:
Operating hardware:
Securing hardware
Accessory hardware:
Operating hardware:
Hardware:
Dead locks, dead latches, panic exit devices, flush bolts and pin-tumbler cylinders are examples of which hardware category:
Operating hardware:
Securing hardware
Accessory hardware:
Securing hardware
Hardware - Metals and Finishes:
The metals used for hardware must be adequately
protected from corrosion and, wherever possible, should be of ______material.
Galvanized
Solid steel
Non-ferrous
A304 Stainless
Non-ferrous
Hardware - Metals and Finishes:
________ metals should not be used in rubbing contact unless permanently lubricated.
Ferrous
Differing
Identical
Galvanized
Identical
Hardware:
What is the primary advantage of using butt hinges?
Maximum clear opening
Hardware - Butt Hinges:
But hinge selections must be considered in light of the potential for excess forces from:
top closers, holders or stops oversize or heavy doors traffic abuse, wind or stack conditions all of the above
all of the above
Hardware - Butt Hinges:
The general rule in selection of butt hinges is to use two hinges for each door __ x___ or smaller.
48 x 102
48 x 90
48 x 110
42 x 84
48 x 90
Hardware - Butt Hinges:
Three butt hinges should be used for door leaves __ wide and between ___ and ___ inches tall
48
90 - 102
Hardware - Butt Hinges:
A door leaf is 48 inches x 98 inches. How many butt hinges are recommended?
2
3
4
None - pivot hinge should be used
3
48 wide
102 >98> 90
Hardware - Butt Hinges
Hinge size must be a minimum of __ inches high by __inches wide.
4” x 4.5”
4.5” x 4”
6” x 3”
3” x 6”
4.5” x 4”
Hardware - Hinges:
For heavy swing doors or in unusually severe conditions ____ hinges are generally preferred.
butt
leaf
piano
pivot
Pivot
Hardware - Pivot Hinges:
Pivot hinges _____ the free opening width, compared to butt hinges:
Enlarge
Reduce
Do not affect
Reduce
Hardware - Closers:
_____ door closers may be used on either butt hinge or pivot type doors.
Frame/surface-mounted
Concealed
All types of
Floor mounted
All types of
Hardware - Closers:
Specific models of closers must be selected for:
floor mount vs. frame mount
deadlatch or panic hardware
hinge doors, vs. pivots
maximum size and weight of each door
floor mount vs. frame mount
maximum size and weight of each door
(All closers offer closing speed adjustment, which – if a
deadlatch or panic device is employed – ensures proper
function of these items.)
Hardware:
_____ doors should be considered where severe wind conditions or stack pressures may be encountered. They may be used in any opening designed for swinging type doors.
Pivot Doors
Sliding doors
Balanced doors
Revolving
Balanced doors
Which of the following is not true of balanced doors:
Provide ease of operation under high wind or stack pressure conditions
Presents the widest possible opening with the smallest swing arc.
Recommended where barrier-free access for the physically handicapped is a requirement.
Provide a balance of wind pressure on the door leaf.
Balanced doors are NOT recommended where barrier-free access for the physically handicapped is a requirement.
Automatic Door Operators:
______ -_______ door operators use oil under pressure to open the door, and spring or hydraulic pressure to close
Electro-hydraulic
Automatic Door Operators:
_______- _______operators use compressed air to
open the door, and spring or air power to close it.
Electro-pneumatic
Automatic Door Operators:
Automatic Door Operators:
_____ -_______operators use electric motors
combined with mechanical transmission to open the door,
and similar or spring power to close it.
Electro-mechanical
Automatic Door Operators:
Each operator is designed to serve a door of given ____ and _____ under normal wind conditions.
Height and weight
weight and width
depth and hinge type
glass and frame material
weight and width
Automatic Door Operators:
Critical factors which should be matched to the hardware’s capabilities include:
3 pairs:
2 usage
2 loading
2 specifically FOR the operator
traffic load
door size
wind pressure
stack effect conditions
location of power unit
electrical requirements
Power-Assist revolving door operators
Power-assist revolving door installations are designed to:
pause revolving doors automatically to allow users to enter
run the revolving door continuously
stop revolving doors automatically with the wings at the quarter-point position
stop revolving doors automatically in bad weather
run the revolving door continuously
stop revolving doors automatically with the wings at the quarter-point position
Securing Hardware:
Types of securing hardware include: (5)
2 dead
PFL
(Think about the ways a door is locked or opened, esp. in emergency)
Deadlocks / deadbolts Deadlatches Panic Exit Devices Flush Bolts Lock - Pin-Tumbler Lock Cylinders
Securing Hardware:
Deadlocks with less than ___ inch bolt throw do
not provide adequate security on aluminum entrance
doors.
1/2”
3/4”
1”
1 1/2”
3/4”
Securing Hardware:
Deadlocks with less than ___ inch bolt throw do
not provide adequate security on aluminum entrance
doors.
1/2”
3/4”
1”
1 1/2”
3/4”
Securing Hardware:
When selecting a deadlock, a rule of thumb is to _______ the backset (the distance from the lock stile of the door to the centerline of the lock cylinder.
minimize
maximize
double
diregard
maximize
Securing Hardware:
Due to the difference in bolt travel, deadlatches ___ _____ ___ __ used as a security device. An additional
deadlock ____ __ _____ for this purpose.
are often
Should not be
should always be
are best if
is not required
should be provided
may be included
would be inferior
Should not be
should be provided
Security Hardware:
______ ___ ______ permit safe, instant emergency exit through a door locked against entry without the use of a key, tool or special knowledge.
Panic exit devices
door operators
pivot hinges
Deadlatches
Panic exit devices
Security Hardware:
___ _____ are used to secure the inactive leaf of a pair of doors, usually at both the top and bottom of the door.
dead bolts
panic exit devices
Flush bolts
dead latches
Flush bolts
Security Hardware:
In a pin tumbler - ___ or more pins are recommended for reasonable security; as many as __ may be provided.
3 / 5
5 / 7
7 / 9
6 / 8
5 / 7
Accessory hardware:
_________ are used to limit the extent of the door opening and/or to hold the door in an open position and should be located within ___ inches of the lead edge of the door for proper operation.
Actuators / 12
Door operators / 17
Panic Hardware / 2
Door stops / 10
Door stops / 10
Acessories:
For handicapped accessible installations, thresholds
should not be more than ___ in height above the
finished floor level, and raised thresholds and floor level changes at accessible doorways must be beveled with a slope no greater than a ratio of 1:2.
3/4” / 1/2
Acessories:
For handicapped accessible installations, thresholds
should not be more than ___ in height above the
finished floor level, and raised thresholds and floor level changes at accessible doorways must be beveled with a slope no greater than a ratio of ____
3/4” / 1 - 2
3/4” is incorrect per ADA. It should be 1/2”
Match the recommended heights for protective plates with the correct plate type.
Mop plates
Kick Plates
Armor plates
40 inches
6 inches
16 inches
Mop plates: 6”
Kick Plates: 16”
Armor plates: 40”
Quiz Question 1:
Which factors are most important when selecting swinging doors
width height and color
thickness, infill eight and material type
width, height and thickness
weight, location and color
width, height and thickness
Quiz Question 2:
_____ dors may be used in any opening designed for swinging type doors, help solve high wind and stack effect problems and provide the widest opening for the smallest swing arc
Sliding
Balanced
Revolving
Automatic
Balanced
Quiz Question 3:
When selecting a ____ maximize the distance from the stile to the centerline of the cylinder.
deadlock
closer
flush bolt
pin-tumbler cylinder
deadlock
Quiz Question 4:
____secure the inactive leaf of a pair of doors, usually at the top and bottom.
Door stops
Flush bolts
pivots
pin-tumbler cylinder
Flush bolts
Quiz Question 4:
____ secure the inactive leaf of a pair of doors, usually at the top and bottom.
Door stops
Flush bolts
pivots
pin-tumbler cylinder
Flush bolts
Quiz Question 5:
_______should clearly indicate whether a door is single or double-acting and should be easy to use by handicapped individuals.
Automatic sliding door operators
closer
pivots
push or pull bars
push or pull bars
