Group 6.A Aluminum Storefronts and Entrances, Part 1: Design Considerations Flashcards
AAMA ______ Aluminum Storefront and Entrance Manual.
SFM-1-14
Storefront and entrance systems typically include what five primary elements:
Entrance Doors Door Frames Framing for Fixed Glass Glass & infill panels Hardware.
_____ is the most common material used in frames for storefront and entrance system.
Aluminum
Aluminum storefronts and curtain walls are / are not covered by the NAFS specification.
are not.
The most common material for storefront (and curtain wall) frames is selected for what three primary material characteristics?
SEC
High STRENGTH/weight ratio
Able to support EXPANSIVE glazing
Minimal CROSS-SECTIONAL area
These four key building characteristics are evaluated to arrive at the optimal entrance design:
Hint: TOCH)
Traffic
Orientation
Climate
Height of the building
Specific design considerations for the storefront
system include:
8 listed - could be grouped into three categories: building requirements (4) Weather impacts (3) User needs (2)
Traffic volume
safety
security
energy efficiency
Heat/cold: effects of temperature changes
Precipitation: protection from rain and snow
Wind: drafts and wind pressure
ease of operation
accessibility for the physically handicapped.
Traffic Volume
Passing sidewalk traffic dictates the _____ of entrances.
Size
Height
Location
Number
Location
Traffic Volume:
The flow of traffic FROM the sidewalk or parking area will determine the ______of entrances required.
Size
Height
Location
Number
Number
Safety:
Checkpoints to enhance safety address what 4 key topics:
(Hint: D.I.C)
Identification - assure the door looks like a door, not an opening
Distinct: Doors distinct from sidelights (vice versa)
Illumination: Well, is it lit?
Clearance: Will outs-wing doors smack passing pedestrians. (not that this is always a bad thing)
Safety:
Designers position entrance doors back from the face of the building for two key reasons:
prevent them from swinging into pedestrian cross traffic.
protect the doors from cross winds.
Security:
Closely related to safety is the security that the entrance system provides for the building. Security
checkpoints include ensuring that 3 key parameters are addressed:
(Hint: ILL)
Illumination
Locks adequate for needs of bldg.
Locks protected against tampering
Energy efficiency:
Entrances in cold climate areas may require vestibules with _____.
Walk-off mats
Heaters
Taller entrances due to snow
Exterior and interior doors
Exterior and interior doors
Energy efficiency:
What aspects of the storefront assembly require specific consideration for energy efficiency needs:
(Hint: GFW)
Glass: insulating and reflective, and to the
Frames - thermal properties of the framing sections
Weatherstripping - adequate to minimize infiltration
Thermal expansion:
Potential negative consequences of thermal expansion include:
(6 listed)
buckling stresses on glass seals failures undue structural stress fasteners damage reduced performance
Thermal expansion:
A representative maximum range of ambient
temperature in the vicinity of 40 degrees North
Latitude is:
40 degrees
80 degrees
120 degrees
160 degrees
120 degrees
Thermal expansion:
Dark colored metal may reach temperatures as high as ___ degrees Fahrenheit or higher when exposed to direct solar heat and may be ___ degrees colder than air temperature on clear winter nights.
180 / 40
160 / 10
120 / 40
100 / 10
160 / 10
The range of temperature of the exposed metal surface in a storefront system is considerably
______ than that of the surrounding air and, except
in the southern-most states should be assumed to be at least ____ degrees Fahrenheit.
less / 120
greater/ 180
greater / 220
less/ 100
greater/ 180
Thermal expansion - Stack Effect:
Stack effect is problematic in heating season when rising warm air in the building _____ the pressure in the base of the building causing cold air to ______
windows or other openings and leakage.
Increases / enter through
Equalizes / stop flowing through
reduces / enter through
fluctuates / buffet
reduces / enter through
Thermal expansion - Stack Effect:
Stack effect” is the ______ convective airflow
within buildings caused by ____________
temperature and pressure differences.
vertical / interior-exterior
horizontal / mechanical
turbulent / fluctuating
vertical / the reduction of
vertical / interior-exterior
Thermal expansion - Stack Effect:
These two key factors influence the severity of stack-effect:
Height of the building
Thermal (& pressure) difference
Water Penetration;
Storefront system design ____ provide means to drain to the exterior face of the wall any water entering at joints and/or any condensation occurring within the wall construction.
shouldn’t need to
should
must
will rarely
must
Water Penetration:
_______lite, solid glass areas of the storefront should permit no uncontrolled water penetration when tested in accordance with ASTM ____
Operable / E1105
Fixed / E331
Operable / E783
Fixed / 501.2
Fixed / E331
501.2 is an AAMA standard.
Water Penetration:
The default differential static pressure recommended in SFM-1-14 for testing of fixed, solid-glass, storefront assemblies is _______.
20% of the design pressure
15% of the design pressure
12. p.s.f.
6.24 p.s.f.
6.24 psf
