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S.N Microbiology > Group 5 > Flashcards

Group 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Normal skin flora examples

A 
S. Epidermitis
S. Aureus
Diphteroids
Enterococci
Candida
Propionibacterium
Micrococcus
Peptostreptococci
Acinetobacter
Nonpathogenic mycobacteria
a-hemolytic S.
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2
Q

S. Aureus skin infections

A

SSS
Furuncle
Carbuncle

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3
Q

S. Pyogenes skin infe.

A

Impetigo

Erysipales

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4
Q

Bacillus anthracis skin manifas.

A

Black eschar

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5
Q

What causes eryspeloid?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathie

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6
Q

Bacteria causing peritonitis

A 
E. Coli
Bacteroides fragilis
Enterococci
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
S. Pneumoniae
M. TB
S. Aureus
Fusobacterium
Clostridium
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia trachomatis
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7
Q

Which bacterias are important in dialysis associated peritonitis?

A

Coagulase negative Staphylococcus

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8
Q

Bacteria causing cholecystitis/cholangitis

A

E. Coli
Klebsiella
Enterococcus faecalis

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9
Q

How can we diagnose peritonitis/cholecystitis/cholangitis?

A

Blood culture
ERCP
Liver biopsy
Fluid from peritonitis

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10
Q

Normal flora of the eye

A 
Diphteroids
S. Epidermitis
Non-hemolytic strep.
Moraxella
Neisseriae
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11
Q

Causative agents of eye infection and what do they cause

A 
P. auerginosa
Chlamydia- Blindness
S. pneumo- conjuctvitis
N. gonorrhea- Opthalmoblenorrhea neonatum
Leptospia- Non purulent conjunct.
H. Influenza- conjunct.
S. Aureus- conjunc.
Adenovirus- conjunc.
HSV-1- Keratoconjunc.
Measles- conjunc.
Coxsackie A- conjunc.
CMV- chorioretinitis
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12
Q

What is included in the URT?

A 
Nasal cavity
Epiglottis
Pharynges
Larynges
Trachea
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13
Q

Normal flora of Nasopharynx-Pharynx

A 
Streptococci
Neisseria
Corynebacteria
Anaerobes
S. aureus
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14
Q

Bacteria causing pharyngitis

A 
GAS
S. aureus
Neisseria meningitidis
C. diphteria
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Francisella
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15
Q

Bacterias causing sinusitis

A 
GAS
S. aureus
H. influenza
Moraxella catarrhasis
S. Pneumo
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16
Q

Bacterias causing epiglotitis

A

H. influenza
S. pneumo
S. aureus

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17
Q

Other name for acute necrotizing ulcerative tonsillitis?

A

Angina plaut vincent

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18
Q

Mouth normal flora

100%

A 
S. viridans
Anaerobes (Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides)
Lactobacillus
Spirochetes
S. Epidermitis
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19
Q

6-8 month baby oral flora

A

98% Strep. Salivarius

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20
Q

Once teeth grow, it leads to colonization with

A

S. mutans

S. sanguis

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21
Q

Around puberty, what will colonie the oral cavity?

A

Bacteroides

Spirochetes

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22
Q

Which bacterias are associted with dental caries?

A

S. viridnas with lactobacillus

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23
Q

What can cause Plaut-vincent angina?

A

Fusobacterium with Treponema vincentii

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24
Q

What is linked with Alzheimer disease?

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

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25
Q

What causes tooth decay?

A

Actinomyces

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26
Q

Stomach normal flora

A

H. pylori

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27
Q

Colon normal flora are mostly

A

Obligate anaerobes

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28
Q

Colon normal flora

A 
Bifidobacterium
Bacteroides
Eubacterium
Clostridium
Fusobacterium
Lactobacillus
Enterococci
E. coli
Klebsiella
Proteus
Enterobacter
Serratia
Morganella
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29
Q

What is the Anaerob:Aerob ratio in the GI?

A

1000:1

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30
Q

GI flora helps us how? (or dont help us)

A 
IgA secretion regulation
Stimulate enterocyte growth
Vitamins K,B
Mood and depression
IBD/IBS link
Obesity link
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31
Q

Fecal-oral spreading bacterias

A 
Salmonella
Shigella
E. coli
Campylobacter
H. Pylori
Vibrio
Yersinia
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32
Q

Lactose + Fecal oral bacterias

A

E. coli

Klebsiella

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33
Q

Urease + Fecal oral bacterias

A

Klebsiella
Proteus
H. pylori

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34
Q

UTI pathogenes

A 
E. Coli
Enterococcus faecalis
Proteus mirabilis
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Acinetobacter baumanii
S. saprophyticus
C. urealyticum
S. epidermitis
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35
Q

UTI can mean what infections?

A

Cystitis
Urethritis
Pyelonephritis

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36
Q

Predisposing factors of UTI

A

Female
Vasicouretral reflex
Hematogenous dissemination

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37
Q

Tick borne bacterial infection

A

Borrelia burgdorferi
Francisella tularensis
Ricketssia ricketsii
Erlichia

38
Q

Flea borne bacterial infection

A

Ricketssia typhi

Yersinia pestis

39
Q

Lice borne bacterial infection

A

Ricketssia prowazekii
Borrelia recurrentis
Bartonella quintana

40
Q

Borrelia recurrentis causes

A

Epidemic relapsing fever

41
Q

Bartonella quintana causes

A

Trench fever

42
Q

Scrub typhus is caused by

A

Orientia tsutsugamushi

43
Q

Orientia tsutsugamushi is carried by

A

Mite

44
Q

Which bacteria is trnasmitted by snad fly

A

Bartonella bacilliformis

45
Q

Bacterias secreting exotoxins to food

A

S. aureus
B. cereus
C. botulinum

46
Q

Bacterias contaminating food

A 
Vibrio cholera
C. difficile
C. perfingens
ETEC
Shigella
Listeria
Salmonella
Campylobacter
47
Q

Zoonotic viral infections

A 
Rhabdovirus
Hantavirus - rodents
Arenavirus - rodents
Aphtovirus - cloven hoof animals
Cardiovirus - rodents
48
Q

Purulent meningitis bacterial causes

A 
S. pneumo
H. influ
E. Coli
S. agalactiae
N. meningitidis
Ricketssia
S. aureus
49
Q

Which bacteria causes aseptic serous meningitis?

A

Listeria

and also
TB
Leptosira
Klebsiella
T. pallidum
50
Q

When suspecting bacterial meningitis, what is the treatment?

A

Ceftriaxone

Cefotaxime

51
Q

Meningitis diagnostic tools

A

LP
At 37 C
No refregiration

52
Q

Meningitis methods of diagnostics

A

Latex agglutination for Ag detection
Gram staining
Antibiogram
PCR

53
Q

Meningitis prevention?

A

Vaccine against

N. menin
S. pneumo
H. influ

54
Q

Viral causative of meningitis?

A

Tick borne encephalitic virus
VZV
MMR
Rabies

55
Q

Symp. of typical pneumonia?

A 
Sudden onset
High fever
Productive cough
Elevated WBC
Bacteria in sputum
56
Q

Symp. of atypical pneumonia?

A

Slow onset
Noe severe symptoms
Low grade fever
Dry cough

57
Q

Typical pneumonia causing bacterias

A

S. aureus
S. pneumo
H. influ
Klebsiella

58
Q

Atypical pneumonia causing bacterias

A

Mycoplasma pneu
Chlamydia pneu/psittachi
Legionella pneumo
Coxiella

59
Q

Other lower respiratory truct infections caused by which bacterias

A

TB
Nocardia
Actinomycosis
Bordetella pertussis

60
Q

Examples for bacterias exotoxins

A 
Anthrax toxin
Adenylate cyclase toxin
Pertussis toxin
Cholera
Shiga
Tetanus
Botulinum
Diphteria
Staph. enterotoxin
TSST-1
Erythrogenic toxin
61
Q

Which toxins are Zn++ dependant?

A

Botulinus

Tetanospasmin

62
Q

Pertussis toxin job

A

ADP ribosylation of G roteins block inhibition of adenylate cyclase

63
Q

Which S. aureus toxins are superantigenes?

A

Enterotoxin

TSST-1

64
Q

Bacteriemia=

A

Bacteria in the blood stream

65
Q

Non iatrogenic underlying conditions for bacteremia

A 
Skin infections
Abcesses
Otitis media
RTI
Cholecystitis
UTI
Peritonitis
PID
...
66
Q

Iatrogenic underlying conditions for bacteremia

A 
Dental procedures
TOnsillectomy
Surgical interventions
Abortion
IUD
Implants
...
67
Q

Risk factors for bacteremia

A 
Immunosuppression
IVDU
Metabolic disease
Splenectomy
Hematopoietic diseases
Viral infection
68
Q

When should we take blood in case of intermittent fever?

A

At the beginning of the fever onset, 3 times/day

69
Q

Common bacteria that causes sepsis

A 
Listeria
Strep. agalactiae
E. coli
S. pneumo
Pseudomonas
Klebsiella
C. difficile
N. meningitidis
70
Q

Bacterias causing endocarditis

A 
S. aureus (acute)
S. viridans (subacute)
Staph. epidermitis
Listeria
A. pneumo
Enterococci
Bartonella henselae (subacute)
71
Q

G+ anaerobic bacterias

A 
Clostridium
Actinomyces
Eubacterium
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
Propionibacterium
Peptostreptococcus
72
Q

G- anaerobic bacterias

A

Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Vellonella
Prevotella

Best Friend is the Vice President
and he is super negative

73
Q

Bacteroides causes- (2)

A

Intra abdominal and female genital tract infections

74
Q

Metronidazole is used against ______________ below the diaphragm

A

Anaerobic bacterias

75
Q

For diagnosing anaerobic bacterias we cultivate the sample into- (4)

A

Anaerostate
High agar
Gas pack jar
Anaerobic chamber

76
Q

Enterally aquired Protozoa infections

A 
Giardia lamblia
Entamoeba histolotica
Toxoplasmosis
Balantidium
Cryptosporidium (Parvum/Hominis)
77
Q

Enterally aquired helminths infections

A

EATTT

Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichinella spiralis
Trichuris trichuria
Toxocara

All trematodes except Schistosoma
All cestodes

78
Q

Diagnosis of enterally aquired parasitic infections

A

2/3 container of stool sample at 3 different occasions
Microscope examination
PCR
Serology

79
Q

Arthropode borne parasitic infection

A 
T. cruzi- Reduviid bug
Plasmodium- anopheles mosquitos
Wuchereria bancrofti- mosquitos
Leishmania- Sand fly
Onchocerca vulvulus- Blackfly
Loa Loa- deerfly/horsefly
T. brucei- Tsetse fly
Babesia- Ixodase tick
80
Q

Air borne viral infections

A 
Influeanza
Measles
Mumps
RSV
Parainfluenza
Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Ebola/Marburg?
VZV
Smallpox
Rubella
Norovirus?
81
Q

Enterally aquired viral infections

A

Picronavirus- Hep. E/A, Coxsackie, Poliovirus, Echovirus
Rotavirus
Calcivirus

More?

82
Q

Virulence=

A

The degree of pathogenicity in a pathogen

83
Q

What does high virulence means?

A

Small number of organism is usually sufficient

84
Q

What does Infective Dose means?

A

Number of germs inducing disease in 50% of hosts

85
Q

Category A Bioterrorism agents

A

Bacillus anthracis
C. Botulinum
Yersinia pestis
Francisella

Ebola
Poxvirus
Lassa

86
Q

T. pallidum is inoculate inside what

A

Rabit testes

87
Q

Mouse inoculation foe which bacterias?

A

C. botulinum

M. laprae

88
Q

Romer test=

A

Toxin detection of diphteria by subcutaneous inoculation of guinea pigs

89
Q

Shigella virulency is checked bu which test?

A

Sereny test- rabbit eye

90
Q

Serotype=

A

Closely related microorganisms distinguished by a characteristic set og Ag

S.N Microbiology (16 decks)

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