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Group 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Normal skin flora examples

A 
S. Epidermitis
S. Aureus
Diphteroids
Enterococci
Candida
Propionibacterium
Micrococcus
Peptostreptococci
Acinetobacter
Nonpathogenic mycobacteria
a-hemolytic S.
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2
Q

S. Aureus skin infections

A

SSS
Furuncle
Carbuncle

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3
Q

S. Pyogenes skin infe.

A

Impetigo

Erysipales

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4
Q

Bacillus anthracis skin manifas.

A

Black eschar

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5
Q

What causes eryspeloid?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathie

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6
Q

Bacteria causing peritonitis

A 
E. Coli
Bacteroides fragilis
Enterococci
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
S. Pneumoniae
M. TB
S. Aureus
Fusobacterium
Clostridium
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia trachomatis
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7
Q

Which bacterias are important in dialysis associated peritonitis?

A

Coagulase negative Staphylococcus

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8
Q

Bacteria causing cholecystitis/cholangitis

A

E. Coli
Klebsiella
Enterococcus faecalis

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9
Q

How can we diagnose peritonitis/cholecystitis/cholangitis?

A

Blood culture
ERCP
Liver biopsy
Fluid from peritonitis

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10
Q

Normal flora of the eye

A 
Diphteroids
S. Epidermitis
Non-hemolytic strep.
Moraxella
Neisseriae
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11
Q

Causative agents of eye infection and what do they cause

A 
P. auerginosa
Chlamydia- Blindness
S. pneumo- conjuctvitis
N. gonorrhea- Opthalmoblenorrhea neonatum
Leptospia- Non purulent conjunct.
H. Influenza- conjunct.
S. Aureus- conjunc.
Adenovirus- conjunc.
HSV-1- Keratoconjunc.
Measles- conjunc.
Coxsackie A- conjunc.
CMV- chorioretinitis
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12
Q

What is included in the URT?

A 
Nasal cavity
Epiglottis
Pharynges
Larynges
Trachea
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13
Q

Normal flora of Nasopharynx-Pharynx

A 
Streptococci
Neisseria
Corynebacteria
Anaerobes
S. aureus
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14
Q

Bacteria causing pharyngitis

A 
GAS
S. aureus
Neisseria meningitidis
C. diphteria
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Francisella
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15
Q

Bacterias causing sinusitis

A 
GAS
S. aureus
H. influenza
Moraxella catarrhasis
S. Pneumo
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16
Q

Bacterias causing epiglotitis

A

H. influenza
S. pneumo
S. aureus

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17
Q

Other name for acute necrotizing ulcerative tonsillitis?

A

Angina plaut vincent

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18
Q

Mouth normal flora

100%

A 
S. viridans
Anaerobes (Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides)
Lactobacillus
Spirochetes
S. Epidermitis
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19
Q

6-8 month baby oral flora

A

98% Strep. Salivarius

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20
Q

Once teeth grow, it leads to colonization with

A

S. mutans

S. sanguis

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21
Q

Around puberty, what will colonie the oral cavity?

A

Bacteroides

Spirochetes

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22
Q

Which bacterias are associted with dental caries?

A

S. viridnas with lactobacillus

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23
Q

What can cause Plaut-vincent angina?

A

Fusobacterium with Treponema vincentii

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24
Q

What is linked with Alzheimer disease?

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

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25
What causes tooth decay?
Actinomyces
26
Stomach normal flora
H. pylori
27
Colon normal flora are mostly
Obligate anaerobes
28
Colon normal flora
``` Bifidobacterium Bacteroides Eubacterium Clostridium Fusobacterium Lactobacillus ``` ``` Enterococci E. coli Klebsiella Proteus Enterobacter Serratia Morganella ```
29
What is the Anaerob:Aerob ratio in the GI?
1000:1
30
GI flora helps us how? (or dont help us)
``` IgA secretion regulation Stimulate enterocyte growth Vitamins K,B Mood and depression IBD/IBS link Obesity link ```
31
Fecal-oral spreading bacterias
``` Salmonella Shigella E. coli Campylobacter H. Pylori Vibrio Yersinia ```
32
Lactose + Fecal oral bacterias
E. coli | Klebsiella
33
Urease + Fecal oral bacterias
Klebsiella Proteus H. pylori
34
UTI pathogenes
``` E. Coli Enterococcus faecalis Proteus mirabilis Klebsiella Pseudomonas Acinetobacter baumanii S. saprophyticus C. urealyticum S. epidermitis ```
35
UTI can mean what infections?
Cystitis Urethritis Pyelonephritis
36
Predisposing factors of UTI
Female Vasicouretral reflex Hematogenous dissemination
37
Tick borne bacterial infection
Borrelia burgdorferi Francisella tularensis Ricketssia ricketsii Erlichia
38
Flea borne bacterial infection
Ricketssia typhi | Yersinia pestis
39
Lice borne bacterial infection
Ricketssia prowazekii Borrelia recurrentis Bartonella quintana
40
Borrelia recurrentis causes
Epidemic relapsing fever
41
Bartonella quintana causes
Trench fever
42
Scrub typhus is caused by
Orientia tsutsugamushi
43
Orientia tsutsugamushi is carried by
Mite
44
Which bacteria is trnasmitted by snad fly
Bartonella bacilliformis
45
Bacterias secreting exotoxins to food
S. aureus B. cereus C. botulinum
46
Bacterias contaminating food
``` Vibrio cholera C. difficile C. perfingens ETEC Shigella Listeria Salmonella Campylobacter ```
47
Zoonotic viral infections
``` Rhabdovirus Hantavirus - rodents Arenavirus - rodents Aphtovirus - cloven hoof animals Cardiovirus - rodents ```
48
Purulent meningitis bacterial causes
``` S. pneumo H. influ E. Coli S. agalactiae N. meningitidis Ricketssia S. aureus ```
49
Which bacteria causes aseptic serous meningitis?
Listeria ``` and also TB Leptosira Klebsiella T. pallidum ```
50
When suspecting bacterial meningitis, what is the treatment?
Ceftriaxone | Cefotaxime
51
Meningitis diagnostic tools
LP At 37 C No refregiration
52
Meningitis methods of diagnostics
Latex agglutination for Ag detection Gram staining Antibiogram PCR
53
Meningitis prevention?
Vaccine against N. menin S. pneumo H. influ
54
Viral causative of meningitis?
Tick borne encephalitic virus VZV MMR Rabies
55
Symp. of typical pneumonia?
``` Sudden onset High fever Productive cough Elevated WBC Bacteria in sputum ```
56
Symp. of atypical pneumonia?
Slow onset Noe severe symptoms Low grade fever Dry cough
57
Typical pneumonia causing bacterias
S. aureus S. pneumo H. influ Klebsiella
58
Atypical pneumonia causing bacterias
Mycoplasma pneu Chlamydia pneu/psittachi Legionella pneumo Coxiella
59
Other lower respiratory truct infections caused by which bacterias
TB Nocardia Actinomycosis Bordetella pertussis
60
Examples for bacterias exotoxins
``` Anthrax toxin Adenylate cyclase toxin Pertussis toxin Cholera Shiga Tetanus Botulinum Diphteria Staph. enterotoxin TSST-1 Erythrogenic toxin ```
61
Which toxins are Zn++ dependant?
Botulinus | Tetanospasmin
62
Pertussis toxin job
ADP ribosylation of G roteins block inhibition of adenylate cyclase
63
Which S. aureus toxins are superantigenes?
Enterotoxin | TSST-1
64
Bacteriemia=
Bacteria in the blood stream
65
Non iatrogenic underlying conditions for bacteremia
``` Skin infections Abcesses Otitis media RTI Cholecystitis UTI Peritonitis PID ... ```
66
Iatrogenic underlying conditions for bacteremia
``` Dental procedures TOnsillectomy Surgical interventions Abortion IUD Implants ... ```
67
Risk factors for bacteremia
``` Immunosuppression IVDU Metabolic disease Splenectomy Hematopoietic diseases Viral infection ```
68
When should we take blood in case of intermittent fever?
At the beginning of the fever onset, 3 times/day
69
Common bacteria that causes sepsis
``` Listeria Strep. agalactiae E. coli S. pneumo Pseudomonas Klebsiella C. difficile N. meningitidis ```
70
Bacterias causing endocarditis
``` S. aureus (acute) S. viridans (subacute) Staph. epidermitis Listeria A. pneumo Enterococci Bartonella henselae (subacute) ```
71
G+ anaerobic bacterias
``` Clostridium Actinomyces Eubacterium Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Propionibacterium Peptostreptococcus ```
72
G- anaerobic bacterias
Bacteroides Fusobacterium Vellonella Prevotella Best Friend is the Vice President and he is super negative
73
Bacteroides causes- (2)
Intra abdominal and female genital tract infections
74
Metronidazole is used against ______________ below the diaphragm
Anaerobic bacterias
75
For diagnosing anaerobic bacterias we cultivate the sample into- (4)
Anaerostate High agar Gas pack jar Anaerobic chamber
76
Enterally aquired Protozoa infections
``` Giardia lamblia Entamoeba histolotica Toxoplasmosis Balantidium Cryptosporidium (Parvum/Hominis) ```
77
Enterally aquired helminths infections
EATTT ``` Enterobius vermicularis Ascaris lumbricoides Trichinella spiralis Trichuris trichuria Toxocara ``` All trematodes except Schistosoma All cestodes
78
Diagnosis of enterally aquired parasitic infections
2/3 container of stool sample at 3 different occasions Microscope examination PCR Serology
79
Arthropode borne parasitic infection
``` T. cruzi- Reduviid bug Plasmodium- anopheles mosquitos Wuchereria bancrofti- mosquitos Leishmania- Sand fly Onchocerca vulvulus- Blackfly Loa Loa- deerfly/horsefly T. brucei- Tsetse fly Babesia- Ixodase tick ```
80
Air borne viral infections
``` Influeanza Measles Mumps RSV Parainfluenza Rhinovirus Coronavirus Ebola/Marburg? VZV Smallpox Rubella Norovirus? ```
81
Enterally aquired viral infections
Picronavirus- Hep. E/A, Coxsackie, Poliovirus, Echovirus Rotavirus Calcivirus More?
82
Virulence=
The degree of pathogenicity in a pathogen
83
What does high virulence means?
Small number of organism is usually sufficient
84
What does Infective Dose means?
Number of germs inducing disease in 50% of hosts
85
Category A Bioterrorism agents
Bacillus anthracis C. Botulinum Yersinia pestis Francisella Ebola Poxvirus Lassa
86
T. pallidum is inoculate inside what
Rabit testes
87
Mouse inoculation foe which bacterias?
C. botulinum | M. laprae
88
Romer test=
Toxin detection of diphteria by subcutaneous inoculation of guinea pigs
89
Shigella virulency is checked bu which test?
Sereny test- rabbit eye
90
Serotype=
Closely related microorganisms distinguished by a characteristic set og Ag

S.N Microbiology (16 decks)

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