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S.N Microbiology > Group 3 > Flashcards

Group 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How do viruses make new viruses?

A

By assembeling

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2
Q

Pavovirus size

A

18 nm

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3
Q

Poxvirus size

A

300 nm

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4
Q

Interstitial space btw. nucleocapsid and the envelope is called

A

Tegument

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5
Q

Tegument contains=

A

Matrix proteins
Enzymes
Genteic material

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6
Q

Positiva sense RNA resembels what structure?

A

mRNA

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7
Q

What does segmented RNA virus means?

A

Each piece encoding one or more genes

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8
Q

What is a viroid?

A

Simpler than a virus
ssRNA without any associated protein
No human viroid
Plant pathogens

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9
Q

Which human virus shares common features with viroids?

A

Hep. D

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10
Q

What is a prion?

A

Infectious agent without nucleic acids
Associated with rare forms of encephalopathies
Atypical form of protein
Can interact with normal protein

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11
Q

How can we grow viruses?

A

Using living cells

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12
Q

Types of virus cultivation

A
  1. Animal inoculation
  2. Inside embryonated egg
  3. Cell culture
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13
Q

After putting the virus inside the egg, how can we shield the opening?

A

Paraffin

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14
Q

Basic requirements of viral cell culture?

A 
37C
5% CO2
Serum
AB
AA
Vitamins
GF
pH indicator
Sugars
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15
Q

What is responsible in the innate immunity response in viral infections?

A 
TLR recognition
Inhibition of infection by interferons
IFN-a produced by leukocytes
IFN-B produced by fibroblasts
NK cells kill vieus infected cells
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16
Q

What is responsible in the adaptive immunity response in viral infections?

A

Th2 cells increase Ab release against sueface Ag of viruses
Th1 activate MPH by IFN-y
CD8+ T cells induce apoptosis of infected cells

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17
Q

Following viral recognition by TLR ___ are synt. and released

A

IFN molecules

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18
Q

Effects of INF

A

Protein kinase activation -> phosphorylates IF2 and prevents mRNA translation -> No viral protein synt.

Activates ribonucleas -> Destroys all RNA within cell (cellular and viral)

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19
Q

Intrauterine viral infections

A 
PCR for HIV
Parvovirus
CMV
Rubella
HIV
VZV

Hep. B/C
Lassa fever
Japanese encephalitis

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20
Q

Perinatal and neonatal viral infections

A 
Human Herpes Simplex
VZV
HIV
Hep. B/C
HTLV-1
CMV
HPV
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21
Q

Oncogenic DNA viruses

3H’s+E

A

HPV- Rb inhibition by E7 and P53 degregation by E6
HHV-8- ??
HBV- Hepatocyte death leads to genomic damage
EBV- Manyyyyy

22
Q

Oncogenic RNA viruses

2H’s

A

HTLV-1- TAX gene mediates cellular transformation

HCV- Same as HBV

23
Q

Stages of typical viral infection

A
  1. Incubation period (asymp.)
  2. Prodromal period (nonspecific symp.)
  3. Specific illness period
  4. Recovery period
    BUT
    Chronic
    Carrier state
    Latent infection
24
Q

Viruses with specific treatment and what is the treatment?

A

HSV- Acyclovir
CMV- Gancyclovir, Valcyclovir
HPV- Cidofovir
HIV- High Active anti Retroviral Therapy

25
Obligatory anti viral vaccine
IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine) MMR Hep B
26
Non-obligatory anti viral vaccine RIV HH
``` Rotavirus Influenza Varicella Hep A HPV ```
27
Cell culture types for viruses
Primary cell line Semi contineous cell line (fetal cells) Secondary
28
Viral replication steps
``` Recognition Attachment Penetration Uncoating Transcription Protein synthesis Replication Assembling Lysis or release ```
29
Chronic viral infection examples
``` Hep C HIV VZV HSV CMV Measles ```
30
Latent viral infection examples
VZV HSV CMV
31
Two methods for tumor formation by viruses
1. Virus carries an over active oncogene | 2. Virus is inserted near proto-oncogene
32
Oncogenic DNA viruses | HHHE
HPV HHV-8 HBV EBV
33
Oncogrnic RNA viruses | HH
HTLV-1 | HCV
34
Antiviral immunity cells
NK IFN CD4 CD8
35
Stages of typical viral infection
Incubation period-asymptomatic Prodromal period-non specific symp. Specific illness Recovery
36
Pathogenesis involves
``` Replication of virus Camage to cells Spread Immune response Resistance of virus ```
37
HPV treatment
Cidofovir
38
Obligatory vaccine for viruses
MMR Hep.B IPV (Polio)
39
Non obligatory viral vaccines
``` Rota virus VZV HPV Hep A Influenza ```
40
Which virus can be eliminated by urine?
Adenovirus
41
HPV 1-4 causes
Verucca vulgaris= Cutaneous warts | Hyperkeratosis
42
Where are the warts of HPV1-4 found?
Hands Fingers Soles
43
HPV 6 and 11 causes
Condyloma acuminata | Laryngeal papilloma
44
Describe HPV structure
dsDNA Naked Circular
45
Pathomechanism of HPV high risk
E6 inhibits p53 | E7 inhibits Rb
46
HPV possible treatment
Acyclovir
47
HPV prevention
Gardasil vaccine against 9 serotypes
48
Taxonomy order
``` Domain Kingdom Phylus Class Order Family Genus Species ```
49
Machupovirus are also called
Bolivian hemorrhagic fever | Black typhus
50
Vector of Machupovirus
Rodent
51
Machupovirus symp.
Fever Malaise Severe hemorrhage

S.N Microbiology (16 decks)

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