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S.N Microbiology > Group 3 > Flashcards

Group 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do viruses make new viruses?

A

By assembeling

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2
Q

Pavovirus size

A

18 nm

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3
Q

Poxvirus size

A

300 nm

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4
Q

Interstitial space btw. nucleocapsid and the envelope is called

A

Tegument

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5
Q

Tegument contains=

A

Matrix proteins
Enzymes
Genteic material

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6
Q

Positiva sense RNA resembels what structure?

A

mRNA

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7
Q

What does segmented RNA virus means?

A

Each piece encoding one or more genes

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8
Q

What is a viroid?

A

Simpler than a virus
ssRNA without any associated protein
No human viroid
Plant pathogens

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9
Q

Which human virus shares common features with viroids?

A

Hep. D

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10
Q

What is a prion?

A

Infectious agent without nucleic acids
Associated with rare forms of encephalopathies
Atypical form of protein
Can interact with normal protein

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11
Q

How can we grow viruses?

A

Using living cells

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12
Q

Types of virus cultivation

A
  1. Animal inoculation
  2. Inside embryonated egg
  3. Cell culture
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13
Q

After putting the virus inside the egg, how can we shield the opening?

A

Paraffin

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14
Q

Basic requirements of viral cell culture?

A 
37C
5% CO2
Serum
AB
AA
Vitamins
GF
pH indicator
Sugars
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15
Q

What is responsible in the innate immunity response in viral infections?

A 
TLR recognition
Inhibition of infection by interferons
IFN-a produced by leukocytes
IFN-B produced by fibroblasts
NK cells kill vieus infected cells
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16
Q

What is responsible in the adaptive immunity response in viral infections?

A

Th2 cells increase Ab release against sueface Ag of viruses
Th1 activate MPH by IFN-y
CD8+ T cells induce apoptosis of infected cells

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17
Q

Following viral recognition by TLR ___ are synt. and released

A

IFN molecules

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18
Q

Effects of INF

A

Protein kinase activation -> phosphorylates IF2 and prevents mRNA translation -> No viral protein synt.

Activates ribonucleas -> Destroys all RNA within cell (cellular and viral)

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19
Q

Intrauterine viral infections

A 
PCR for HIV
Parvovirus
CMV
Rubella
HIV
VZV

Hep. B/C
Lassa fever
Japanese encephalitis

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20
Q

Perinatal and neonatal viral infections

A 
Human Herpes Simplex
VZV
HIV
Hep. B/C
HTLV-1
CMV
HPV
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21
Q

Oncogenic DNA viruses

3H’s+E

A

HPV- Rb inhibition by E7 and P53 degregation by E6
HHV-8- ??
HBV- Hepatocyte death leads to genomic damage
EBV- Manyyyyy

22
Q

Oncogenic RNA viruses

2H’s

A

HTLV-1- TAX gene mediates cellular transformation

HCV- Same as HBV

23
Q

Stages of typical viral infection

A
  1. Incubation period (asymp.)
  2. Prodromal period (nonspecific symp.)
  3. Specific illness period
  4. Recovery period
    BUT
    Chronic
    Carrier state
    Latent infection
24
Q

Viruses with specific treatment and what is the treatment?

A

HSV- Acyclovir
CMV- Gancyclovir, Valcyclovir
HPV- Cidofovir
HIV- High Active anti Retroviral Therapy

25
Q

Obligatory anti viral vaccine

A

IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine)
MMR
Hep B

26
Q

Non-obligatory anti viral vaccine

RIV HH

A 
Rotavirus
Influenza
Varicella
Hep A
HPV
27
Q

Cell culture types for viruses

A

Primary cell line
Semi contineous cell line (fetal cells)
Secondary

28
Q

Viral replication steps

A 
Recognition
Attachment
Penetration
Uncoating
Transcription
Protein synthesis
Replication
Assembling
Lysis or release
29
Q

Chronic viral infection examples

A 
Hep C
HIV
VZV
HSV
CMV
Measles
30
Q

Latent viral infection examples

A

VZV
HSV
CMV

31
Q

Two methods for tumor formation by viruses

A
  1. Virus carries an over active oncogene

2. Virus is inserted near proto-oncogene

32
Q

Oncogenic DNA viruses

HHHE

A

HPV
HHV-8
HBV
EBV

33
Q

Oncogrnic RNA viruses

HH

A

HTLV-1

HCV

34
Q

Antiviral immunity cells

A

NK
IFN
CD4
CD8

35
Q

Stages of typical viral infection

A

Incubation period-asymptomatic
Prodromal period-non specific symp.
Specific illness
Recovery

36
Q

Pathogenesis involves

A 
Replication of virus
Camage to cells
Spread
Immune response
Resistance of virus
37
Q

HPV treatment

A

Cidofovir

38
Q

Obligatory vaccine for viruses

A

MMR
Hep.B
IPV (Polio)

39
Q

Non obligatory viral vaccines

A 
Rota virus
VZV
HPV
Hep A
Influenza
40
Q

Which virus can be eliminated by urine?

A

Adenovirus

41
Q

HPV 1-4 causes

A

Verucca vulgaris= Cutaneous warts

Hyperkeratosis

42
Q

Where are the warts of HPV1-4 found?

A

Hands
Fingers
Soles

43
Q

HPV 6 and 11 causes

A

Condyloma acuminata

Laryngeal papilloma

44
Q

Describe HPV structure

A

dsDNA
Naked
Circular

45
Q

Pathomechanism of HPV high risk

A

E6 inhibits p53

E7 inhibits Rb

46
Q

HPV possible treatment

A

Acyclovir

47
Q

HPV prevention

A

Gardasil vaccine against 9 serotypes

48
Q

Taxonomy order

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylus
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
49
Q

Machupovirus are also called

A

Bolivian hemorrhagic fever

Black typhus

50
Q

Vector of Machupovirus

A

Rodent

51
Q

Machupovirus symp.

A

Fever
Malaise
Severe hemorrhage

S.N Microbiology (16 decks)

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