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Gross Pathology > Gross Pathology of GI > Flashcards

Gross Pathology of GI Flashcards

1
Q

What causes a proliferative and necrotizing lesion in the mouth, lips, gingiva, hard palate of sheep and goats?

A

Parapoxvirus- contagious ecthyma

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2
Q

What causes orogenital lesions in primates?

A

Macacine herpesvirus type 1

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3
Q

What causes oral lesions in cats

A

Either Eosinophilic granuloma complex or feline chronic gingivostomatitis
Calicivirus and uremia cause ulcerative glossitis

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4
Q

What can cause erosive gingivitis in a NHP?

A

Shigella flexneri

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5
Q

Differential list for bovine oral lesions

A

BVD
IBR
FMD

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6
Q

Cause of necrotic stomatitis in snakes

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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7
Q

What causes necrotizing stomatitis in Eastern box turtles?

A

Frog ranavirus 3

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8
Q

What causes exudative necrotizing stomatitis in birds (not proliferative)

A

Trichomonas gallinae
Called canker in pigeons, frounce in raptors

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9
Q

Cause of wooden tongue

A

Actinobacillus ligneresii

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10
Q

Most common odontogenic tumor of cattle? Location?

A

Ameloblastic fibroma; Mandibular incisors

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11
Q

Disease caused by actinomyces bovis? Morph?

A

Lumpy jaw; proliferative granulomatous osteomyelitis

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12
Q

Cause of hyperplastic bone proliferation that’s red (unmineralized)

A

Fibrous osteodystrophy

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13
Q

Cause of hyperplastic bone proliferation that’s white (mineralized)

A

Osteopathy

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14
Q

Bony tumor on occipital bone, hard palate, or facial bones

A

Multilobular tumor of bone

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15
Q

Where can you find spirocerca lupi?

A

Esophagus, aorta, periosteum of vertebral body- red worms!

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16
Q

Ribbon candy worm of esophagus

A

Gonglyonema pulchrum

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17
Q

Cause of proventricular dilation syndrome in Macaws; morph

A

Avian bornavirus; polyganglioneuritis

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18
Q

What causes papillomas in birds?

A

Psittacid herpesvirus 1- NOT PAPILLOMAVIRUS

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19
Q

Cause of edema disease in pigs; classic lesion; age

A

Enteropathogenic e.coli- shiga toxin producing; mesocolonic and gastric edema; weaner

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20
Q

Cause of red colon or stomach or any GI in a macaque; Other species of this organism? Virulence factor?

A

Shigella flexneri- don’t forget gingiva!
S. dysenteriae, boydii, sonii
Shigella

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21
Q

Cobblestone stomach (chronic gastritis) in horses? cows? sheep? cat? pig? (Stomachworms)

A

Trichostrongylus axei; Ostertagia ostertagi; Teladorsia ostertagi; Ollulanus tricuspis; hyostrongylus rubidus

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22
Q

Habronema muscae is either found in the ________ or _________ of a horse

A

Gastric mucosa or skin

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23
Q

Cause of focal granuloma on glandular side of margo plicatus in a horse; NHPs?

A

Draschia megastoma; Nochtia nochti

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24
Q

White worm that looks like an ascarid in the stomach of a cat with gastric ulceration

A

Physaloptera (spirurid)

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25
Q

Pigeon with red granulomas in proventricular glands

A

Tetrameres americana

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26
Q

Where do leaf-eating monkeys get amoeba?

A

Stomach

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27
Q

Cause of catarrhal gastritis in a snake; histology?

A

Cryptosporidium serpentis; massive mucous neck cell hyperplasia

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28
Q

Cause of anemia and pallor in sheep/goats? In cattle?

A

Haemonchus contortus; Haemonchus placei

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29
Q

Cause of abomasal ulceration in ruminants

A

Clostridium perfringens type A

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30
Q

Cause of hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys? Associated lesions

A

Siadenovirus; marble spleen, liver necrosis

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31
Q

Cause of necrohemorrhagic anterior enteritis in horses?

A

Clostridioides difficile

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32
Q

Cause of multifocal ulceration and thickening of pyloric or esophageal mucosa in dog

A

Pythiosis

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33
Q

Coccidiosis causes based on GI location in chickens

A

E. acervulina- duodenum
E. necatrix- jejunum
E. tenella- ceca

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34
Q

Pathogenesis of Salmon poisoning; gross lesions; key histo

A

Salmon ate trematode (Nanophyetus salmincola) infected with Neorickettsia helminthoeca; hemorrhage and necrosis in duodenum of dogs, abdominal lymphadenopathy; Elementary bodies in macrophages

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35
Q

Cause of duodenal perforation in foals? Mechanism?

A

Parascaris equorum (linear foreign body)

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36
Q

What plant is associated with mesenteric volvulus in ruminants?

A

Lucerne (clover)

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37
Q

Cause of brown gut in a dog? Pathogenesis?

A

Intestinal ceroidosis (lipofuscinosis); Vitamin E deficient diet, chronic enteric or pancreatic disease (fat metabolism issues), lipofuscin/ceroid accumulates in tunica muscularis

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38
Q

If theres a red gut in a dog or cat, it’s ________. In ruminants?

A

Parvo. Clostridium perfringens

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39
Q

Differentials for Peyer’s patch necrosis in cattle?

A

Pestivirus, Salmonella, Rinderpest

40
Q

Differentials for fluid diarrhea in a piglet with okay looking intestines

A

Rotavirus
TGE- alphacoronavirus

41
Q

Differentials for fluid diarrhea in mouse?

A

Epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (Type B Rotavirus)
Mouse hepatitis virus aka Lethal Intestinal Virus Infant Mice (Betacoronavirus)

42
Q

What causes a sad greasy mouse with diarrhea? Associated lesions?

A

Mouse reovirus 3; Enteritis, myocarditis, hepatitis, encephalitis

43
Q

Constellation of gross lesions seen with West Nile (flavivirus)

A

Necrotizing enteritis, myocardial lesions, encephalitis

44
Q

Red gut in baby farm animal is caused by

A

Clostridium perfringens type C (trypsin labile)
Clostridium perfringens type A

45
Q

Cause of necrotic or ulcerative enteritis is a quail

A

Clostridium colinum

46
Q

Cause of ulcerative necrotic enteritis in a chicken

A

Clostridium perfringens type G (netb toxin)

47
Q

Salmonella that causes fibrinonecrotic enteritis (non-host adapted)

A

Salmonella enterica subsp. typhimurium; endotoxin causes thrombosis

48
Q

Host adapted Salmonella in cattle? pig? gross lesion in colon of pig?

A

Salmonella enterica dublin; cholerasuis or typhisuis; button ulcers in colon

49
Q

Cause of fibrinonecrotic enteritis in NHPs

A

Yersinia enterocolitica or pseudotuberculosis

50
Q

Cause of visible white villi on surface of avian enteric mucosa

A

Mycobacterium avium

51
Q

Cause of enteric necrosis in emus

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

52
Q

Differentials for snake with fibrinonecrotic enteritis

A

Entamoeba invadens
Salmonella

53
Q

Differentials for granulomatous enteritis in a dog

A

Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Pythium
Mycobacterium

54
Q

Cause of brooder patches in sheep? goats?

A

Sheep- Eimeria ovinoidalis
Goats- Eimeria christiansini

55
Q

Parasitic cause of hemorrhagic and necrotizing enteritis in cattle?

A

Eimeria bovis

56
Q

Cause of petechia on dog enteric mucosa

A

Ancylostoma caninum

57
Q

Canine tapeworm

A

Dipylidium caninum

58
Q

Canine large roundworms; cats?

A

Toxocara caninum; leonina

59
Q

Name and life cycle of horse large strongyles

A

Strongylus vulgaris; larvae in mesenteric artery, adults in lumen

60
Q

Nematode that causes nodules in serosa or submucosa of intestines

A

Oesophagostomum

61
Q

Tapeworm associated with ill-thrift in sheep/goats

A

Moniezia expansa

62
Q

Three appearances of Lawsonia intracellularis in swine; section of GI affected

A

Proliferative, Necrotizing, or Hemorrhagic; ileum

63
Q

Appearance of Lawsonia in foals

A

Proliferative, catarrhal (no necrosis or hemorrhage like in the pig)

64
Q

Most GI lymphoma in the cat is? Dogs? Horse? Cattle?

A

T cell; Epitheliotropic T cell; B cell; Abomasum- B cell

65
Q

Cause of transmissible proliferative ileitis in mice

A

Citrobacter rodentium

66
Q

Histologic features of feline eosinophilic sclerosing peritonitis

A

Eosinophils, collagen in herringbone pattern, splendore Hoeppli

67
Q

Colonic lesions that look like tumors in macaques but are actually viral

A

Macaque cytomegalovirus- multifocal necrotic and neutrophilic colitis

68
Q

Adult horse with mesenteric lymphadenopathy; in a foal?

A

Strep equi equi; Rhodococcus equi (pyogranulomas)

69
Q

Lesion associated with Rhodococcus equi (other than lymph nodes)

A

Volcano lesions over peyer’s patches

70
Q

Cause of red, necrotic colon with fibrinonecrotic membrane in pig? How to differentiate from Lawsonia?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae or hampsonii; Lawsonia is in the ileum

71
Q

Cause of severe necrotizing typhlocolitis in ratites (not just emus)

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

72
Q

If macaque with very discrete areas of necrosis in colon, what is it? Appearance in rabbit?

A

Peyer’s patches- Yersinia; fibrinonecrotic colitis with angry lymphoid tissue, will be large colonies of bacteria

73
Q

Edema of the mesocolon in a neonatal pig is caused by

A

Clostridioides difficile**

74
Q

Antibiotics predispose hindgut fermenters to

A

Clostridioides difficile

75
Q

If a horse colon, guess ______________

A

Salmonella

76
Q

How is ferret Lawsonia different from other species

A

Get proliferative COLITIS instead of ileitis

77
Q

Small red parasites lining mucosa of colon

A

Cyathostomes

78
Q

Agent responsible for necrotizing typhlitis and hepatic necrosis

A

Histomonas meleagridis, transmitted by heterakis gallinarum

79
Q

Sequela of chronic colitis in cotton topped tamarins

A

Colonic adenocarcinoma

80
Q

Sequelae of chronic colitis in macaques

A

Cicatrizing ulcers leading to strictures

81
Q

What is a mass on the outside of the colon in a horse?

A

GIST

82
Q

Cause of tumor-like smooth muscle proliferation in wall of cecum of pheasants

A

Heterakis isolonche

83
Q

Filariid worms free in abdominal cavity of deer? horse? NWP? OWP?

A

Deer- Setaria yehi
Horse- Setaria equi
NWP- Dipetalonema
OWP- Edensonfilaria malayensis

84
Q

Big pale nodular spleen from a macaque

A

Pancreatic islet amyloidosis (IAPP amyloid)

85
Q

Who gets pancreatic exocrine adenocarcinoma?

A

Cats

86
Q

Reddish-pink pancreatic tumor

A

Islet cell tumors

87
Q

Differentials for big pale liver

A

Amyloid
Lipidosis
Normal in calorie-restricted ferret

88
Q

Which lobe of the liver gets torsion? Species?

A

Caudate lobe; rabbits

89
Q

Nutmeg liver is associated with

A

Chronic passive congestion (Right sided heart failure, etc.)

90
Q

What species get ductal plate malformations, as well as cysts in many other organs?

A

Hamsters

91
Q

Viral vause of liver necrosis in immunosuppressed NHPs

A

Macacine herpesvirus 1

92
Q

Viral hepatitis that kills all NWMs except squirrel monkeys

A

Saimiriine herpesvirus 1

93
Q

Chicken liver with necrosis is caused by _____________; associated lesions

A

Inclusion body hepatitis (aviadenovirus); hydropericardium, pancreatic necrosis

94
Q

Only lentivirus that affects the liver

A

Equine Infectious Anemia- get hemosiderosis

95
Q
A

Gross Pathology (23 decks)

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