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Gross Pathology > Gross Pathology of Avian Species > Flashcards

Gross Pathology of Avian Species Flashcards

1
Q

What does aviadenovirus cause?

A

Inclusion body hepatitis
Hydropericardium
Pancreatic necrosis
Egg drop syndrome

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2
Q

Cause of sepsis in a duck

A

Rhimerella anatipestifer

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3
Q

Causes of fibrinoheterophilic valvulitis in avians

A

Colibacillosis: Staph, coliforms, and enterococcus fecalis instead of strep
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (turkeys and psittacines)

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4
Q

What disease does Salmonella pullorum cause? Lesions?

A

Pullorum disease aka fowl typhoid; Granulomas, myocarditis

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5
Q

The heartworm of poultry

A

Sarconema eurycerca

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6
Q

Classic lesion for Newcastle disease; type of virus?

A

Proventricular gland hemorrhage; avian paramyxovirus type 1

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7
Q

Sick bird with cyanosis, edema (widespread thrombosis), sepsis; chronic signs

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae; infarctions, amyloidosis

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8
Q

Cause of clear, serous nasal discharge and sinusitis

A

Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza)

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9
Q

Cause of “swollen head syndrome” in chickens- air sacs, orbital sinuses full of frothy mucoid exudate

A

Avian metapneumovirus

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10
Q

Swollen infraorbital sinus in a turkey

A

Mycoplasma gallisepticum

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11
Q

What does mycoplasma gallisepticum cause in finches/passerines?

A

Severe lymphocytic conjunctivitis and sinusitis (crusty eyes)

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12
Q

Frothy air sacs in a turkey (soap bubble air sacculitis)

A

Mycoplasma meleagridis

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13
Q

Cause of sinusitis with tracheal collapse in turkeys? Pathogenesis?

A

Bordetella avium; toxins lyse cartilage

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14
Q

Cause of epithelial hyperplasia, conjunctivitis, difficulty breathing

A

Cryptosporidium baileyi

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15
Q

Cause of infectious bronchitis; gross signs; species

A

Avian coronavirus; Soap bubble air sacculitis and poor egg quality; ONLY chickens

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16
Q

Cause of infectious laryngotracheitis

A

Gallid herpesvirus-1

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17
Q

Classic ILT lesion

A

Yellow casts in larynx/trachea

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18
Q

Cause of granulomatous air sacs/lungs or airway plugs

A

Aspergillosis

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19
Q

Other cause of fungal pneumonia; more common presentation

A

Ochroconis gallipava; encephalitis in young poultry

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20
Q

Acute and chronic signs seen with fowl cholera; agent

A

Acutely- Hemorrhagic lung lesions with infarcts and fibrin
Chronically- Lesions of footpads, wattles, combs, tendon sheaths
Pasteurella multocida

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21
Q

Cause of cloudy and opaque air sacs with fibrin; associated lesions

A

Chlamydia psittaci; splenic and liver necrosis

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22
Q

Gapeworm- red worms in Y shape in trachea; associated lesion

A

Syngamus trachea; granulomas apparent on serosal surface

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23
Q

Intermediate host of syngamus trachea

A

Earthworm

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24
Q

Tracheal mite; significance?

A

Sternostoma tracheacolum; death in Lady Gouldian finches

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25
Air sac mite
Cytodites nudus
26
Differentials for pancreatic necrosis
Aviadenovirus Zinc toxicity HPAI
27
Classic lesions with HPAI
Shank hemorrhage, cyanotic wattles (like others), hemorrhagic respiratory disease (like others), damage in multiple organs
28
Predisposes chicks to gangrenous dermatitis
Chick anemia virus- gyrovirus Infectious bursal disease- birnavirus
29
Cause of marbled spleen; disease in turkeys? chicken?
Siadenovirus; hemorrhagic enteritis; splenomegaly
30
Classic Marek's lesions; type of lymphocytes affected
Hurdling chicken Sciatic nerve enlargement Grey eye Follicular infiltration T cells
31
Avian leukosis virus- age, lymphocyte type, where won't it be?
Older birds B cells Skin, nerves
32
Pathognomonic lesion for reticuloendotheliosis virus
Cloaked barbles on midshaft (Nakanuke feathers)
33
Cause of ulcerative stomatitis
Tricothecene toxins produced by Fusarium spp.
34
Proliferative white lesions (plaques) in crop (ingluvitis)- ddx
Crop mycosis (candida) Poxvirus Squamous metaplasia- can see holes
35
What does Trichomonas gallinae cause? Species?
Necrotic stomatitis, esophagitis, ingluvitis- little white piles of ice cream to diphtheritic membranes In pigeons or birds of prey
36
Cause of proliferative and inflammatory esophagitis with long thin worms
Capillaria contorta or annulata
37
Differentials for dilated crop
Lead toxicity in wildlife Pendulous crop (genetic)
38
Cause of proventricular dilatation syndrome
Avian bornavirus; psittacines
39
Parasite of the proventriculus; species; lesion
Tetrameres americana; pigeons!; granulomas of proventricular glands
40
Three coccidians and location; lesion
Eimeria acervulina- duodenum Eimeria necatrix- jejunum Eimeria tenella- ceca ONLY Cause brooder's patches (salt and pepper)
41
What causes hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys?
Siadenovirus
42
Cause of lymphoid band necrosis and hemorrhage in ducks; other gross lesions
Anatid herpesvirus 1 (duck plague); necrotic enteritis with membranes, paraphimosis
43
Cause of ulcerative enteritis in poultry
C. perfringens type G
44
What causes quail disease? gross lesions
Clostridium colinum; Hepatic necrosis, ulcerative/necrotizing enteritis
45
Cause of coligranulomas (yellow verrucous, on serosal surfaces)
Tetratrichomonas gallinarum
46
Roundworms of poultry
Ascaridia galli
47
Cestode of poultry; only lesion
Raillietina echinobothrida; nodules on outside of intestine
48
Cause of lymphoid follicle hemorrhage in ceca
Newcastle disease
49
Eimeria brunetti location
Anywhere- necrotizing enteritis
50
Cause of cecal cores and fibrinonecrosis of ceca
Salmonella pullorum, maybe Eimeria tenella, Histomonas meleagridis
51
Cause of hemorrhagic necrotizing enteritis
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
52
Cause of fibrinonecrotic typhlitis in ratites
Brachyspira hyodystenteriae
53
Cause of cecal cores and targetoid lesions in liver; pathogenesis
Histomonas meleagridis; live in eggs of heterakis gallinae (cecal worm)
54
Cause of granulomatous peritonitis
Eustrongylides ignotus- large nematode
55
Cause of cloacal papilloma in parrots; associated lesion
Psittacid herpesvirus 1; Carcinoma of bile duct or pancreas
56
What causes a pseudocyst of the butt of wild birds?
Collyriclum faba
57
Cause of very sick parrot with hepatic and splenic necrosis; differential
Psittacid herpesvirus 1 (Pacheco's disease); chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis)
58
In a recent study, erysipelas was associated with what in parrots?
Amyloidosis
59
Liver discoloration in birds of paradise
Hemochromatosis
60
Cause of pale liver (other than amyloid)
Aflatoxicosis
61
Cause of cholangiocellular carcinoma in psittacines
Old age or psittacid herpesvirus 1
62
Classic findings in turkeys with vitamin E/selenium deficiency
Cerebellar hemorrhage (bing cherry) Neuro signs (encephalomalacia)
63
What causes curly toe paralysis
Vitamin B12 (riboflavin) deficiency- demyelination
64
Cause of wry eye
Salmonella diarizonae- pthisis bulbi
65
What causes granulomatous dermatitis if chronic?
Pasteurella multocida (fowl cholera)
66
Red mite (blood-sucking)
Dermonyssys gallinae
67
Northern fowl mite (common)
Ornithonyssus sylvarium
68
Sarcoptes mite that causes hyperkeratosis
Knemidocoptes mutans
69
Fowl tick; vector for ___________
Argus persicus; Borrelia anserina, pox, erysipelothrix
70
What causes exudative diathesis in young turkey poults?
Selenium vitamin E deficiency
71
Psittacine circovirus that causes feather dystrophy and clubbing in psittacines
Psittacine beak and feather disease
72
Cause of fibrous osteodystrophy in birds
Calcium deficiency
73
What is osteopetrosis of the legs associated with?
Avian leukosis virus
74
Pathognomonic finding for viral tenosynovitis; etiology?
Gastroc rupture and hemorrhage on heel; avian reovirus
75
White spots in muscle of quail
Haemoproteus lophortyx (megaloschizonts)
76
White spots in muscle of duck
Sarcocystis rileyi
77
Cause of renal coccidiosis
Eimeria truncata
78
Most common cause of death in budgies
Renal carcinoma
79
Cause of salpingitis in a chicken? Duck?
E.Coli; Rhimerella anatipestifer
80
Differentials for salpingitis
E.coli Pasteurella multocida Salmonella Infectious bronchitis
81
Differentials for renal tubular necrosis
Gout Infectious bronchitis virus (coronavirus) Avian nephritis virus (astrovirus)

Gross Pathology (23 decks)

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