Gross Anatomy (Perenium) Flashcards
The anatomical region located between the thighs, in the pelvis is called
Perineum
The perineum is separated from the pelvic cavity superiorly by the ?
Pelvic floor
The perineum contains structures that support urogenital and GI tract systems such as;
- Micturition
- Defecation
- Childbirth
- Sexual intercourse
A diamond shaped structure found in the region between the external genitalia and the anus is?
The perineum
The perineum has how many borders,.. name them?
It has 2 borders
1. Anatomical borders, and
2. Surface borders
The anatomical border of the perineum, Anteriorly is
Pubic symphisis
The anatomical border of the perineum, Posteriorly is
Tip of coccyx
The anatomical border of the perineum, Laterally is
Inferior pubic rami, inferior ischial rami, and the sacrotuberous ligament
The anatomical border of the perineum’s roof is the
Pelvic floor
The anatomical border of the perineum’s Base is
Skin and fascia
The surface borders of the perineum are best shown when the limbs are
Abducted
The anterior surface border of the perineum is
Mons pubis in females
Base of the penis in males
The lateral surface border of the perineum is the
Medial surface of the thigh
The posterior surface border of the perineum is
The inter-gluteal cleft (i.e, the space in between the buttocks)
The perineum can be divided into 2 by an imaginary line to form 2 triangles which are;
- Anterior urogenital triangle
- Posterior anal triangle
The anal triangle is bounded by ?
The coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, and a theoretical line between the ischial tuberosities
The contents of the anal triangle are;
- Anal aperture
- External anal sphincter muscle
- Ischioanal fossa
- Pudendal nerve
The urogenital triangle is bounded anteriorly by
Pubic symphisis and Arcuate pubic ligament
The urogenital triangle is bounded posteriorly by
Imaginary line joining ischial tuberosity
The urogenital triangle is bounded laterally by
Lower margin of ischiopubic rami
The urogenital triangle has an additional layer of strong deep fascia known as
The Perineal membrane
In females the Perineal membrane is a tough fascia perforated by?
Urethra and the Vagina
A potential space between the deep fascia of the pelvic floor superiorly is
Deep perineal pouch
The major contents of the deep Perineal pouch are
- Muscles
- Blood vessels
- Nerves
Examples of muscle found in the deep perineal pouch
- Sphincter urethra
- Sphincter urethrovaginalis
Examples of blood vessels found in the deep perineal pouch
- Internal pudendal artery
- Deep artery of the penis/clitoris
- Dorsal artery of the penis/clitoris
The nerve found in the deep Perineal pouch
The dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris
A potential space between the perineal membrane and the superficial perineal fascia is
The superficial perineal pouch
The muscles of the penis are?
- Corpus spongiosum
- Copora cavernosa
In between the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle lies the
Perineal body
An irregularly shaped fibromuscular mass that lies deep to the skin around the perineum is known as
Perineal body
Contents of the perineal body are;
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Collagenous and elastic fibres
The perineal body acts as a point of attachment for muscle fibres such as
- Levator Ani
- Bulbospongiosus muscle
- Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscle
- External anal sphincter muscle fibre
- External urethral sphincter muscle
A bundle of muscle fibres that acts as tear resistance between the Vagina and the external anal sphincter is
Perineal body
Nerve and blood supply to the Perineal body is through
Pudendal nerve and pudendal artery
The pudendal nerve, pudendal artery, and pudendal vein travel along the inner surface of the ischial tuberosities through a canal called?
Alcock’s canal
