Gross Anatomy #2 Flashcards by Weston Squires

Which structure is a component of the pelvic diaphragm?

A. Levator ani muscles

B. Sacrotuberous ligament

C. Piriformis muscle

D. Obturator membrane

Levator ani muscles

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The tendon for the peroneus longus muscle runs through which bone?

A. Navicular

B. Cuboid

C. Talus

D. Cuneiform

cuboid

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Which of the following peripheral nerves supplies the gluteus medius muscle?

A. Superior gluteal

B. Inferior gluteal

C. Femoral

D. Obturator

Superior Gluteal

*Gluteus medius is evaluated via the tredelenburg test

**Inferior Gluteal N= Glute MAX
Obturator N= Adductors

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Which nerve supplies the gracilis muscle?

A. Obturator

B. Ilioinguinal

C. Common peroneal

D. Femoral

Obturator

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Extensors of the knee are supplied by which nerve?

A. Common peroneal

B. Femoral

C. Saphenous

D. Tibial

Femoral

Extensors of knee are the quadriceps. Remember
Rectus Femoris crosses two joints.

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The urachus remains in the adult as a remnant of the:

A. Median umbilical ligament

B. Coronary ligament

C. Notochord

D. Lateral umbilical ligament

Median umbilical ligament

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The muscles of the shoulder are derived from :

A. Cervical myotome

B. Thoracic sclerotome

C. Splarchnic mesoderm

D. Cervical sclerotome

Cervical myotome

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Embryonic muscle growth occurs by fusion of which of the following?

A. Brachial arches

B. Myoblasts

C. Scleroblasts

D. Myofilaments

Myoblasts

myo=muscle
myelo= spinal cord

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Muscles of the lower limb are derived from:

A. Epiderm

B. Hypoderm

C. Scleroderm

D. Mesoderm

mesoderm

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After the 7th week of development both limb buds rotate, which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. Lower limbs rotate laterally 80° and upper rotate medially 90°

B. Upper limbs rotate laterally 90° and lower rotate medially 85°

C. Lower limbs rotate laterally 70° and upper rotate medially 90°

D. Upper limbs rotate laterally 90° and lower rotate medially 75°

upper limbs rotate laterally 90 and lower limbs rotate medially 85

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Which fontanel is found in the adult?

A. Sphenoidal

B. Anterior

C. Bregma

D. Mastoid

Bregma

*where the two parietal bones and the frontal bone ossify

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Which of the following separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis?

A. Ischial tuberosity

B. Arcuate line

C. Acetabulum

D. Iliac crest

Arcuate line

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Which structures are found in the quadrangular space?

A. Circumflex scapular artery; radial nerve

B. Axillary nerve; profunda brachii artery

C. Radial nerve; profunda brachii artery

D. Axillary nerve; posterior circumflex humeral artery

Axillary Nerve, Posterior circumflex humeral artery

*Trianglular space= circumflex scapular artery in it

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Which of the following is characteristic of skeletal muscle?

A. Peripheral nucleus

B. Non-striated appearance

C. Single nucleus

D. Fosiform shape

Fosiform shape

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The capture and release of calcium is a function of ____ in muscle.

A. Myosin

B. Actin

C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

D. Sarcolemma

Sacroplasmic Reticulum

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The perimysium is a connective tissue that encloses a:

A. Single muscle

B. Muscle group

C. Single muscle fiber

D. Fasciculus

Fasciculus

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The stem cells of muscles are:

A. Myeloblast

B. Osteocyte

C. Osteoblast

D. Myoblast

Myoblast

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The arch of the aorta is located in the ____ mediastinum.

A. Inferior

B. Posterior

C. Middle

D. Superior

Superior

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What are the Purkinje cells?

A. Modified nerve cell

B. Modified cardiac cell

C. Modified smooth muscle

D. Modified collagen

Modified cardiac cell

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Which of the following structures is NOT contained in the right ventricle?

A. Papillary muscle

B. Chorda tendinea

C. Pectinate muscle

D. Pulmonary semilunar valve

Pectinate muscle

*This is only found in the left ventricle

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Which of the following structures is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

A. SA node

B. AV node

C. AV bundle

D. Purkinje fibers

AV node

SA= 60-80 bpm
AV= 40-60 bpm
Bundles of his= 20-40 bom
Purkinje fibers= 0-20 bpm

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Which of the following arteries is the main supply to the sinoatrial node (SA node)?

A. Right coronary

B. Anterior circumflex

C. Coronary circumflex

D. Left coronary

Right Coronary

*Coronary arteries are the only arteries controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.

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The following is a branch of the medial plantar artery?

A. Peroneus

B. Anterior tibial

C. Posterior tibial

D. Lateral plantar

Posterior Tibial

The ascending colon is supplied by what artery?

A. Inferior mesenteric

B. Right colic

C. Left colic

D. Celiac

Right Colic Artery

The lingual artery is a direct branch of the ____ artery. A. Internal carotid B. External carotid C. Common carotid D. Maxillary

External Carotid

Which two veins join to form the portal vein? A. Superior and inferior mesenteric B. Hepatic and inferior mesenteric C. Interior mesenteric and splenic D. Superior mesenteric and splenic

Superior Mesenteric and Splenic *Portal= SMS

Which of the following veins drains into the proximal axillary vein? A. Tracheal B. Cephalic C. Basilic D. Accessory cephalic

Cephalic ***"Jugular vein is the MAIN BRAIN DRAIN"

Which vein drains the majority of blood from the body? A. Coronary B. Azygous C. Hepatic D. Superior

Superior

The external iliac vein receives blood from the following anatomical structure: A. Posterior abdominal wall B. Abdominal cavity C. Pelvic cavity D. Lower limbs

Lower limbs *veins-->heart

If you had tonsillitis, which lymph nodes would be affected? A. Jugulodi gastric B. Jugulo-omohyoid C. Buccal D. Occipital

Jugulodi gastric *Adjust C2-C3 for sore throats

The majority of lymph enters the circulation through the: A. Inferior vena cava B. Right lymphatic duct C. Superior vena cava D. Thoracic duct

Throacic Duct

Blind ended lymph vessels in the villi of the small intestine are called: A. Lacteals B. Cisterna chyli C. Thoracic ducts D. Simplices

Lacteals *The appendix is a blind lacteal. Pain at McBurney's point indicates appendicitis.

The sublingual caruncle is a duct for the ____gland: A. Sublingual B. Submandibular C. Parotid D. Laerimal

Submandibular

Which structure in the fetal heart keeps atrial blood from entering the pulmonary circulation? A. Ductos arteriosus B. Foramen ovale C. Vans deferens D. Ductus venosus

Foramen Ovale

The thymus gland is derived from the ____ pharyngeal pouch: A. 1st B. 2nd C. 3rd D. 4th

3rd 3rd pouch= Thymus

Post partum, ductus arteriosus becomes the: A. Median umbilical ligament B. Ductus venosus C. Ligamentum arteriosum D. Coronary ligament

Ligamentum arteriosum *DA becomes LA

Erythropoetin is secreted by which cell? A. Adenohypophyseal B. Neurohypophyseal C. Extraglomerular masangium D. Adrenal glomerulosa

Extraglomerular masangium *Erythropoetin stimulates RBC production

What is a cardiac skeleton made of? A. Elastic cartilage B. Cancellous bone C. Fibrous connective tissue D. Elastic connective tissue

Fibrous Connective tissue

Where are “Hassall corpuscles” located? A. Thyroid gland B. Thymus gland C. Pancreas D. Liver

Thymus * Hassall Thymus was a good muslim

What cell attaches to capillaries and nerves? A. Astrocytes B. Oligocytes C. Macroglial D. Microglial

Astrocytes *most numerous

The duct which crosses the masseter and opens the mouth originates from the ____ gland: A. Buccinator B. Sublingual C. Parotid D. Submandibular

Parotid

Which part of the tooth contains blood vessels and nerves? A. Dentin B. Cementum C. Pulp cavity D. Enamel

Pulp cavity

Where is the pharyngeal orifice of the auditory tube? A. Posterior, inferior nasal concha B. Anterior superior nasal concha C. Roof of the nasopharynx D. Posterior oral pharynx

Roof of Nasopharynx

What separates the nasopharynx and the oropharynx? A. Soft palate B. Ostium Eustachian tube C. Pharyngeal tonsils D. Palatine tonsils

Soft palate *"Cleft palate" is an abnormality in the development of the soft or hard palate.

Payers Patches are most numerous in the: A. Pharynx B. Ileum C. Duodenum D. Jejunum

Ileum

The crypts of Lieberkuhn are located in which anatomical structure? A. Spleen B. Liver C. Small intestine D. Kidney

Lieberkuhn The SI dont LIE

The shape of the haustra in the large intestine is due to the: A. Epiploic appendices B. Mesocolon C. Visceral peritoneum D. Taenia coli

Taenia Coli

The esophagogastric junction is surrounded by which portion of the stomach? A. Pyloric antrum B. Cardia C. Body D. Fundus

Cardia *Fundus means superior most point (think about how the stomach is shaped)

Persistence of the yolk stalk may result in: A. Meekel’s diverticulum B. Atresia of the anus C. Rectovestibular fistula D. Hollow appendix

Meekel's Diverticulum

The smooth muscle of the digestive system is derived from: A. Somatic mesoderm B. Sclerotome C. Myotome D. Splanchnic mesoderm

Splanchnic mesoderm **Somatic= skeletal muscle

What develops from the hindgut of the embryo? A. Stomach B. Pharynx C. Ileum D. Rectum

Rectum

What is the mucous membrane that forms the longitudinal folds in the distal end of the anal canal? A. Rugae B. Hyphae C. Columns D. Transverse

Columns

Where does simple columnar meet stratified squamous? A. Uterus B. Cardiac region of the stomach C. Pyloric sphincter of the stomach D. Anal canal

Anal Canal

Where are Brunner’s glands located? A. Stomach B. Duodenum C. Jejunum D. Ileum

Duodenum *Brunner is a DUDE

Which of the following cells secretes enzymes? A. Paneth B. Brunner’s C. Parietal D. Enteroendocrine

Paneth