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B1 > Gross Anatomy #2 > Flashcards

Gross Anatomy #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which structure is a component of the pelvic diaphragm?

A. Levator ani muscles

B. Sacrotuberous ligament

C. Piriformis muscle

D. Obturator membrane

A

Levator ani muscles

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2
Q

The tendon for the peroneus longus muscle runs through which bone?

A. Navicular

B. Cuboid

C. Talus

D. Cuneiform

A

cuboid

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3
Q

Which of the following peripheral nerves supplies the gluteus medius muscle?

A. Superior gluteal

B. Inferior gluteal

C. Femoral

D. Obturator

A

Superior Gluteal

*Gluteus medius is evaluated via the tredelenburg test

**Inferior Gluteal N= Glute MAX
Obturator N= Adductors

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4
Q

Which nerve supplies the gracilis muscle?

A. Obturator

B. Ilioinguinal

C. Common peroneal

D. Femoral

A

Obturator

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5
Q

Extensors of the knee are supplied by which nerve?

A. Common peroneal

B. Femoral

C. Saphenous

D. Tibial

A

Femoral

  • Extensors of knee are the quadriceps. Remember
    Rectus Femoris crosses two joints.
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6
Q

The urachus remains in the adult as a remnant of the:

A. Median umbilical ligament

B. Coronary ligament

C. Notochord

D. Lateral umbilical ligament

A

Median umbilical ligament

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7
Q

The muscles of the shoulder are derived from :

A. Cervical myotome

B. Thoracic sclerotome

C. Splarchnic mesoderm

D. Cervical sclerotome

A

Cervical myotome

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8
Q

Embryonic muscle growth occurs by fusion of which of the following?

A. Brachial arches

B. Myoblasts

C. Scleroblasts

D. Myofilaments

A

Myoblasts

  • myo=muscle
  • myelo= spinal cord
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9
Q

Muscles of the lower limb are derived from:

A. Epiderm

B. Hypoderm

C. Scleroderm

D. Mesoderm

A

mesoderm

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10
Q

After the 7th week of development both limb buds rotate, which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. Lower limbs rotate laterally 80° and upper rotate medially 90°

B. Upper limbs rotate laterally 90° and lower rotate medially 85°

C. Lower limbs rotate laterally 70° and upper rotate medially 90°

D. Upper limbs rotate laterally 90° and lower rotate medially 75°

A

upper limbs rotate laterally 90 and lower limbs rotate medially 85

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11
Q

Which fontanel is found in the adult?

A. Sphenoidal

B. Anterior

C. Bregma

D. Mastoid

A

Bregma

*where the two parietal bones and the frontal bone ossify

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12
Q

Which of the following separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis?

A. Ischial tuberosity

B. Arcuate line

C. Acetabulum

D. Iliac crest

A

Arcuate line

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13
Q

Which structures are found in the quadrangular space?

A. Circumflex scapular artery; radial nerve

B. Axillary nerve; profunda brachii artery

C. Radial nerve; profunda brachii artery

D. Axillary nerve; posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

Axillary Nerve, Posterior circumflex humeral artery

*Trianglular space= circumflex scapular artery in it

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14
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of skeletal muscle?

A. Peripheral nucleus

B. Non-striated appearance

C. Single nucleus

D. Fosiform shape

A

Fosiform shape

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15
Q

The capture and release of calcium is a function of ____ in muscle.

A. Myosin

B. Actin

C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

D. Sarcolemma

A

Sacroplasmic Reticulum

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16
Q

The perimysium is a connective tissue that encloses a:

A. Single muscle

B. Muscle group

C. Single muscle fiber

D. Fasciculus

A

Fasciculus

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17
Q

The stem cells of muscles are:

A. Myeloblast

B. Osteocyte

C. Osteoblast

D. Myoblast

A

Myoblast

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18
Q

The arch of the aorta is located in the ____ mediastinum.

A. Inferior

B. Posterior

C. Middle

D. Superior

A

Superior

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19
Q

What are the Purkinje cells?

A. Modified nerve cell

B. Modified cardiac cell

C. Modified smooth muscle

D. Modified collagen

A

Modified cardiac cell

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20
Q

Which of the following structures is NOT contained in the right ventricle?

A. Papillary muscle

B. Chorda tendinea

C. Pectinate muscle

D. Pulmonary semilunar valve

A

Pectinate muscle

*This is only found in the left ventricle

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21
Q

Which of the following structures is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

A. SA node

B. AV node

C. AV bundle

D. Purkinje fibers

A

AV node

  • SA= 60-80 bpm
  • AV= 40-60 bpm
  • Bundles of his= 20-40 bom
  • Purkinje fibers= 0-20 bpm
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22
Q

Which of the following arteries is the main supply to the sinoatrial node (SA node)?

A. Right coronary

B. Anterior circumflex

C. Coronary circumflex

D. Left coronary

A

Right Coronary

*Coronary arteries are the only arteries controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.

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23
Q

The following is a branch of the medial plantar artery?

A. Peroneus

B. Anterior tibial

C. Posterior tibial

D. Lateral plantar

A

Posterior Tibial

24
Q

The ascending colon is supplied by what artery?

A. Inferior mesenteric

B. Right colic

C. Left colic

D. Celiac

A

Right Colic Artery

25
Q

The lingual artery is a direct branch of the ____ artery.

A. Internal carotid

B. External carotid

C. Common carotid

D. Maxillary

A

External Carotid

26
Q

Which two veins join to form the portal vein?

A. Superior and inferior mesenteric

B. Hepatic and inferior mesenteric

C. Interior mesenteric and splenic

D. Superior mesenteric and splenic

A

Superior Mesenteric and Splenic

*Portal= SMS

27
Q

Which of the following veins drains into the proximal axillary vein?

A. Tracheal

B. Cephalic

C. Basilic

D. Accessory cephalic

A

Cephalic

***“Jugular vein is the MAIN BRAIN DRAIN”

28
Q

Which vein drains the majority of blood from the body?

A. Coronary

B. Azygous

C. Hepatic

D. Superior

A

Superior

29
Q

The external iliac vein receives blood from the following anatomical structure:

A. Posterior abdominal wall

B. Abdominal cavity

C. Pelvic cavity

D. Lower limbs

A

Lower limbs

*veins–>heart

30
Q

If you had tonsillitis, which lymph nodes would be affected?

A. Jugulodi gastric

B. Jugulo-omohyoid

C. Buccal

D. Occipital

A

Jugulodi gastric

*Adjust C2-C3 for sore throats

31
Q

The majority of lymph enters the circulation through the:

A. Inferior vena cava

B. Right lymphatic duct

C. Superior vena cava

D. Thoracic duct

A

Throacic Duct

32
Q

Blind ended lymph vessels in the villi of the small intestine are called:

A. Lacteals

B. Cisterna chyli

C. Thoracic ducts

D. Simplices

A

Lacteals

*The appendix is a blind lacteal. Pain at McBurney’s point indicates appendicitis.

33
Q

The sublingual caruncle is a duct for the ____gland:

A. Sublingual

B. Submandibular

C. Parotid

D. Laerimal

A

Submandibular

34
Q

Which structure in the fetal heart keeps atrial blood from entering the pulmonary circulation?

A. Ductos arteriosus

B. Foramen ovale

C. Vans deferens

D. Ductus venosus

A

Foramen Ovale

35
Q

The thymus gland is derived from the ____ pharyngeal pouch:

A. 1st

B. 2nd

C. 3rd

D. 4th

A

3rd

3rd pouch= Thymus

36
Q

Post partum, ductus arteriosus becomes the:

A. Median umbilical ligament

B. Ductus venosus

C. Ligamentum arteriosum

D. Coronary ligament

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

*DA becomes LA

37
Q

Erythropoetin is secreted by which cell?

A. Adenohypophyseal

B. Neurohypophyseal

C. Extraglomerular masangium

D. Adrenal glomerulosa

A

Extraglomerular masangium

*Erythropoetin stimulates RBC production

38
Q

What is a cardiac skeleton made of?

A. Elastic cartilage

B. Cancellous bone

C. Fibrous connective tissue

D. Elastic connective tissue

A

Fibrous Connective tissue

39
Q

Where are “Hassall corpuscles” located?

A. Thyroid gland

B. Thymus gland

C. Pancreas

D. Liver

A

Thymus

  • Hassall Thymus was a good muslim
40
Q

What cell attaches to capillaries and nerves?

A. Astrocytes

B. Oligocytes

C. Macroglial

D. Microglial

A

Astrocytes

*most numerous

41
Q

The duct which crosses the masseter and opens the mouth originates from the ____ gland:

A. Buccinator

B. Sublingual

C. Parotid

D. Submandibular

A

Parotid

42
Q

Which part of the tooth contains blood vessels and nerves?

A. Dentin

B. Cementum

C. Pulp cavity

D. Enamel

A

Pulp cavity

43
Q

Where is the pharyngeal orifice of the auditory tube?

A. Posterior, inferior nasal concha

B. Anterior superior nasal concha

C. Roof of the nasopharynx

D. Posterior oral pharynx

A

Roof of Nasopharynx

44
Q

What separates the nasopharynx and the oropharynx?

A. Soft palate

B. Ostium Eustachian tube

C. Pharyngeal tonsils

D. Palatine tonsils

A

Soft palate

*“Cleft palate” is an abnormality in the development of the soft or hard palate.

45
Q

Payers Patches are most numerous in the:

A. Pharynx

B. Ileum

C. Duodenum

D. Jejunum

A

Ileum

46
Q

The crypts of Lieberkuhn are located in which anatomical structure?

A. Spleen

B. Liver

C. Small intestine

D. Kidney

A

Lieberkuhn

The SI dont LIE

47
Q

The shape of the haustra in the large intestine is due to the:

A. Epiploic appendices

B. Mesocolon

C. Visceral peritoneum

D. Taenia coli

A

Taenia Coli

48
Q

The esophagogastric junction is surrounded by which portion of the stomach?

A. Pyloric antrum

B. Cardia

C. Body

D. Fundus

A

Cardia

*Fundus means superior most point (think about how the stomach is shaped)

49
Q

Persistence of the yolk stalk may result in:

A. Meekel’s diverticulum

B. Atresia of the anus

C. Rectovestibular fistula

D. Hollow appendix

A

Meekel’s Diverticulum

50
Q

The smooth muscle of the digestive system is derived from:

A. Somatic mesoderm

B. Sclerotome

C. Myotome

D. Splanchnic mesoderm

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

**Somatic= skeletal muscle

51
Q

What develops from the hindgut of the embryo?

A. Stomach

B. Pharynx

C. Ileum

D. Rectum

A

Rectum

52
Q

What is the mucous membrane that forms the longitudinal folds in the distal end of the anal canal?

A. Rugae

B. Hyphae

C. Columns

D. Transverse

A

Columns

53
Q

Where does simple columnar meet stratified squamous?

A. Uterus

B. Cardiac region of the stomach

C. Pyloric sphincter of the stomach

D. Anal canal

A

Anal Canal

54
Q

Where are Brunner’s glands located?

A. Stomach

B. Duodenum

C. Jejunum

D. Ileum

A

Duodenum

*Brunner is a DUDE

55
Q

Which of the following cells secretes enzymes?

A. Paneth

B. Brunner’s

C. Parietal

D. Enteroendocrine

A

Paneth

B1 (17 decks)

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