Gross Anatomy #2 Flashcards
Which structure is a component of the pelvic diaphragm?
A. Levator ani muscles
B. Sacrotuberous ligament
C. Piriformis muscle
D. Obturator membrane
Levator ani muscles
The tendon for the peroneus longus muscle runs through which bone?
A. Navicular
B. Cuboid
C. Talus
D. Cuneiform
cuboid
Which of the following peripheral nerves supplies the gluteus medius muscle?
A. Superior gluteal
B. Inferior gluteal
C. Femoral
D. Obturator
Superior Gluteal
*Gluteus medius is evaluated via the tredelenburg test
**Inferior Gluteal N= Glute MAX
Obturator N= Adductors
Which nerve supplies the gracilis muscle?
A. Obturator
B. Ilioinguinal
C. Common peroneal
D. Femoral
Obturator
Extensors of the knee are supplied by which nerve?
A. Common peroneal
B. Femoral
C. Saphenous
D. Tibial
Femoral
- Extensors of knee are the quadriceps. Remember
Rectus Femoris crosses two joints.
The urachus remains in the adult as a remnant of the:
A. Median umbilical ligament
B. Coronary ligament
C. Notochord
D. Lateral umbilical ligament
Median umbilical ligament
The muscles of the shoulder are derived from :
A. Cervical myotome
B. Thoracic sclerotome
C. Splarchnic mesoderm
D. Cervical sclerotome
Cervical myotome
Embryonic muscle growth occurs by fusion of which of the following?
A. Brachial arches
B. Myoblasts
C. Scleroblasts
D. Myofilaments
Myoblasts
- myo=muscle
- myelo= spinal cord
Muscles of the lower limb are derived from:
A. Epiderm
B. Hypoderm
C. Scleroderm
D. Mesoderm
mesoderm
After the 7th week of development both limb buds rotate, which of the following statements is most accurate?
A. Lower limbs rotate laterally 80° and upper rotate medially 90°
B. Upper limbs rotate laterally 90° and lower rotate medially 85°
C. Lower limbs rotate laterally 70° and upper rotate medially 90°
D. Upper limbs rotate laterally 90° and lower rotate medially 75°
upper limbs rotate laterally 90 and lower limbs rotate medially 85
Which fontanel is found in the adult?
A. Sphenoidal
B. Anterior
C. Bregma
D. Mastoid
Bregma
*where the two parietal bones and the frontal bone ossify
Which of the following separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis?
A. Ischial tuberosity
B. Arcuate line
C. Acetabulum
D. Iliac crest
Arcuate line
Which structures are found in the quadrangular space?
A. Circumflex scapular artery; radial nerve
B. Axillary nerve; profunda brachii artery
C. Radial nerve; profunda brachii artery
D. Axillary nerve; posterior circumflex humeral artery
Axillary Nerve, Posterior circumflex humeral artery
*Trianglular space= circumflex scapular artery in it
Which of the following is characteristic of skeletal muscle?
A. Peripheral nucleus
B. Non-striated appearance
C. Single nucleus
D. Fosiform shape
Fosiform shape
The capture and release of calcium is a function of ____ in muscle.
A. Myosin
B. Actin
C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
D. Sarcolemma
Sacroplasmic Reticulum
The perimysium is a connective tissue that encloses a:
A. Single muscle
B. Muscle group
C. Single muscle fiber
D. Fasciculus
Fasciculus
The stem cells of muscles are:
A. Myeloblast
B. Osteocyte
C. Osteoblast
D. Myoblast
Myoblast
The arch of the aorta is located in the ____ mediastinum.
A. Inferior
B. Posterior
C. Middle
D. Superior
Superior
What are the Purkinje cells?
A. Modified nerve cell
B. Modified cardiac cell
C. Modified smooth muscle
D. Modified collagen
Modified cardiac cell
Which of the following structures is NOT contained in the right ventricle?
A. Papillary muscle
B. Chorda tendinea
C. Pectinate muscle
D. Pulmonary semilunar valve
Pectinate muscle
*This is only found in the left ventricle
Which of the following structures is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?
A. SA node
B. AV node
C. AV bundle
D. Purkinje fibers
AV node
- SA= 60-80 bpm
- AV= 40-60 bpm
- Bundles of his= 20-40 bom
- Purkinje fibers= 0-20 bpm
Which of the following arteries is the main supply to the sinoatrial node (SA node)?
A. Right coronary
B. Anterior circumflex
C. Coronary circumflex
D. Left coronary
Right Coronary
*Coronary arteries are the only arteries controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.
The following is a branch of the medial plantar artery?
A. Peroneus
B. Anterior tibial
C. Posterior tibial
D. Lateral plantar
Posterior Tibial
The ascending colon is supplied by what artery?
A. Inferior mesenteric
B. Right colic
C. Left colic
D. Celiac
Right Colic Artery
The lingual artery is a direct branch of the ____ artery.
A. Internal carotid
B. External carotid
C. Common carotid
D. Maxillary
External Carotid
Which two veins join to form the portal vein?
A. Superior and inferior mesenteric
B. Hepatic and inferior mesenteric
C. Interior mesenteric and splenic
D. Superior mesenteric and splenic
Superior Mesenteric and Splenic
*Portal= SMS
Which of the following veins drains into the proximal axillary vein?
A. Tracheal
B. Cephalic
C. Basilic
D. Accessory cephalic
Cephalic
***“Jugular vein is the MAIN BRAIN DRAIN”
Which vein drains the majority of blood from the body?
A. Coronary
B. Azygous
C. Hepatic
D. Superior
Superior
The external iliac vein receives blood from the following anatomical structure:
A. Posterior abdominal wall
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Pelvic cavity
D. Lower limbs
Lower limbs
*veins–>heart
If you had tonsillitis, which lymph nodes would be affected?
A. Jugulodi gastric
B. Jugulo-omohyoid
C. Buccal
D. Occipital
Jugulodi gastric
*Adjust C2-C3 for sore throats
The majority of lymph enters the circulation through the:
A. Inferior vena cava
B. Right lymphatic duct
C. Superior vena cava
D. Thoracic duct
Throacic Duct
Blind ended lymph vessels in the villi of the small intestine are called:
A. Lacteals
B. Cisterna chyli
C. Thoracic ducts
D. Simplices
Lacteals
*The appendix is a blind lacteal. Pain at McBurney’s point indicates appendicitis.
The sublingual caruncle is a duct for the ____gland:
A. Sublingual
B. Submandibular
C. Parotid
D. Laerimal
Submandibular
Which structure in the fetal heart keeps atrial blood from entering the pulmonary circulation?
A. Ductos arteriosus
B. Foramen ovale
C. Vans deferens
D. Ductus venosus
Foramen Ovale
The thymus gland is derived from the ____ pharyngeal pouch:
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd
D. 4th
3rd
3rd pouch= Thymus
Post partum, ductus arteriosus becomes the:
A. Median umbilical ligament
B. Ductus venosus
C. Ligamentum arteriosum
D. Coronary ligament
Ligamentum arteriosum
*DA becomes LA
Erythropoetin is secreted by which cell?
A. Adenohypophyseal
B. Neurohypophyseal
C. Extraglomerular masangium
D. Adrenal glomerulosa
Extraglomerular masangium
*Erythropoetin stimulates RBC production
What is a cardiac skeleton made of?
A. Elastic cartilage
B. Cancellous bone
C. Fibrous connective tissue
D. Elastic connective tissue
Fibrous Connective tissue
Where are “Hassall corpuscles” located?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Thymus gland
C. Pancreas
D. Liver
Thymus
- Hassall Thymus was a good muslim
What cell attaches to capillaries and nerves?
A. Astrocytes
B. Oligocytes
C. Macroglial
D. Microglial
Astrocytes
*most numerous
The duct which crosses the masseter and opens the mouth originates from the ____ gland:
A. Buccinator
B. Sublingual
C. Parotid
D. Submandibular
Parotid
Which part of the tooth contains blood vessels and nerves?
A. Dentin
B. Cementum
C. Pulp cavity
D. Enamel
Pulp cavity
Where is the pharyngeal orifice of the auditory tube?
A. Posterior, inferior nasal concha
B. Anterior superior nasal concha
C. Roof of the nasopharynx
D. Posterior oral pharynx
Roof of Nasopharynx
What separates the nasopharynx and the oropharynx?
A. Soft palate
B. Ostium Eustachian tube
C. Pharyngeal tonsils
D. Palatine tonsils
Soft palate
*“Cleft palate” is an abnormality in the development of the soft or hard palate.
Payers Patches are most numerous in the:
A. Pharynx
B. Ileum
C. Duodenum
D. Jejunum
Ileum
The crypts of Lieberkuhn are located in which anatomical structure?
A. Spleen
B. Liver
C. Small intestine
D. Kidney
Lieberkuhn
The SI dont LIE
The shape of the haustra in the large intestine is due to the:
A. Epiploic appendices
B. Mesocolon
C. Visceral peritoneum
D. Taenia coli
Taenia Coli
The esophagogastric junction is surrounded by which portion of the stomach?
A. Pyloric antrum
B. Cardia
C. Body
D. Fundus
Cardia
*Fundus means superior most point (think about how the stomach is shaped)
Persistence of the yolk stalk may result in:
A. Meekel’s diverticulum
B. Atresia of the anus
C. Rectovestibular fistula
D. Hollow appendix
Meekel’s Diverticulum
The smooth muscle of the digestive system is derived from:
A. Somatic mesoderm
B. Sclerotome
C. Myotome
D. Splanchnic mesoderm
Splanchnic mesoderm
**Somatic= skeletal muscle
What develops from the hindgut of the embryo?
A. Stomach
B. Pharynx
C. Ileum
D. Rectum
Rectum
What is the mucous membrane that forms the longitudinal folds in the distal end of the anal canal?
A. Rugae
B. Hyphae
C. Columns
D. Transverse
Columns
Where does simple columnar meet stratified squamous?
A. Uterus
B. Cardiac region of the stomach
C. Pyloric sphincter of the stomach
D. Anal canal
Anal Canal
Where are Brunner’s glands located?
A. Stomach
B. Duodenum
C. Jejunum
D. Ileum
Duodenum
*Brunner is a DUDE
Which of the following cells secretes enzymes?
A. Paneth
B. Brunner’s
C. Parietal
D. Enteroendocrine
Paneth
