General Anatomy Chiro Essentials 4 Cardiovascular Anatomy 1

Question 1

The heart develops in the mesoderm of the cephalic region during what embryological week?

Answer 1

3rd

Question 2

What do the right and left endocardial tubes fuse to form?

Answer 2

primitive heart tube

Question 3

The primitive hear tube folds in on itself and develops what three dilations?

Answer 3

Atrial
ventricular
and the bulbus cordis

Question 4

The proximal end of the heart tube is formed by what?

Answer 4

sinus venosus

Question 5

The distal end of the heart tube is formed by what?

Answer 5

Truncus arteriosus

Question 6

The artial dilation is separated by the septum primum in which week?

Answer 6

5th

Question 7

What is the name for the hole that appears in the upper part of the septum primum?

Answer 7

ostium secundum

Question 8

What is the 2nd artial septum located slightly right to the septum primum?

Answer 8

septum secundum

Question 9

The Septum secundum is incomplete inferiorly and the remaining segement is known as what?

Answer 9

limbus of the fossa ovalis

Question 10

The Truncus Arteriosus (distal end of heart tube) is divided into 2 separate tubes consisting of the aortic and pulmonary at which weeks?

Answer 10

7th-8th

Question 11

What is the connection in the fetus that allows oxygenated blood to be shunted from the left pulmonary artery to the arch of the aorta?

Answer 11

ductus arteriosus

Question 12

After birth the ductus arteriosus closes and becomes what structure?

Answer 12

ligamentum arteriosum

Question 13

Which congenital anomaly is most commonly an ostium secundum defect?

A. Ventricular Septal Defect
B. Atrial Septal Defect
C. Fallots tetralogy
D. Persistent Ductus arteriosus

Answer 13

B. Atrial Septal Defect

Question 14

Which congenital anomaly is the most common congential heart disease?

A. Ventricular Septal Defect
B. Atrial Septal Defect
C. Fallots tetralogy
D. Persistent Ductus arteriosus

Answer 14

A. Ventricular Septal Defect

Question 15

Which congenital anomaly is the most common congential cyanotic heart disease?

A. Ventricular Septal Defect
B. Atrial Septal Defect
C. Fallots tetralogy
D. Persistent Ductus arteriosus

Answer 15

C. Fallots tetralogy

Question 16

Does Fallots tetralogy deals with pulmonary stenosis and has a hypertrophic effect of which heart ventricle?

Answer 16

Right Ventricle hypertrophy

Question 17

Cyanosis occurs in which type of shunts?
A. Left to right
B. RIght to left

Answer 17

Right to left

Question 18

Persistent Ductus Arteriosus results from failure of the what structure to close after birth?

Answer 18

Ductus Arteriosus

• do you remember what it is called if it does close after birth?

Question 19

There are 3 heart boarders: right, inferior and left. What features of the heart make up each border?

Answer 19

Right- right atrium
Inferior- right ventricle
Left- left ventricle and left auricle of left atrium

Question 20

The right atrium has origins from what two features?

Answer 20

Sinus venosus

True Atrium

Question 21

The smooth part of the right artrium is derived from which origin?

Answer 21

sinus venosus

*Smooth Sinus

Question 22

The rough part of the right artrium is derived from which origin?

Answer 22

True Atrium

*its TRUE, life can be ROUGH

Question 23

What type of muscle bundles does the rough part of the right artium have?

Answer 23

Pectinate muscle bundles

Question 24

The Smooth and rough parts of the right atrium are separated by a ridge called what?

Answer 24

Crista terminalis

Question 25

the superior and inferior vena cava bring blood to what part of the heart?

Answer 25

right atrium

Question 26

What % of myocardial venous blood drains into the heart via the coronary sinus?

Answer 26

60-70%

Question 27

Just above the the opening for the tricuspid valve lies the orifice of what sinus?

Answer 27

coronary sinus

Question 28

How many pulmonary vein openings carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

Answer 28

4 pulmonary veins

Question 29

Does the left atrium have smooth and rough parts like the right atrium?

Answer 29

You betcha

Question 30

What part of the heart has the moderator band present?

Answer 30

Right ventricle

Question 31

What part of the heart has several large fleshy trabeculae carneae and papillary muscles?

Answer 31

Right ventricle

Question 32

Within the Right ventricle the infundibulum is a smooth funnel shaped inlet to the opening of what valves?

Answer 32

Pulmonary Valves

Question 33

What part of the heart contains the thickest wall?

Answer 33

Left ventricle *up to 3x thicker than right ventricle

Question 34

Does the left ventricle have papillary muscles and trabeculae carneae?

Answer 34

Yes, the papillary muscles are what help hold the trabeculae carneae

Question 35

``` Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the right side in the 2nd intercostal space? A. Aortic B. Pulmonary C. Tricuspid D. Mitral ```

Answer 35

Aortic *only one on the right

Question 36

``` Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the left side in the 2nd intercostal space? A. Aortic B. Pulmonary C. Tricuspid D. Mitral ```

Answer 36

Pulmonary

Question 37

``` Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the left side in the 4th intercostal space? A. Aortic B. Pulmonary C. Tricuspid D. Mitral ```

Answer 37

Tricuspid

Question 38

``` Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the left side in the 5th intercostal space? A. Aortic B. Pulmonary C. Tricuspid D. Mitral ```

Answer 38

Mitral

Question 39

``` Which Heart valve sound is found the farthest from the midline? A. Aortic B. Pulmonary C. Tricuspid D. Mitral ```

Answer 39

Mitral *7-9cm left of midsternal line on the left side

Question 40

What is the heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle?

Answer 40

Tricuspid

Question 41

What is the heart valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 41

Pulmonary (semilunar)

Question 42

What is the heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

Answer 42

Mitral

Question 43

What is the heart valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta?

Answer 43

Aortic