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B1 > General Anatomy Chiro Essentials 4 Cardiovascular Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

General Anatomy Chiro Essentials 4 Cardiovascular Anatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The heart develops in the mesoderm of the cephalic region during what embryological week?

A

3rd

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2
Q

What do the right and left endocardial tubes fuse to form?

A

primitive heart tube

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3
Q

The primitive hear tube folds in on itself and develops what three dilations?

A

Atrial
ventricular
and the bulbus cordis

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4
Q

The proximal end of the heart tube is formed by what?

A

sinus venosus

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5
Q

The distal end of the heart tube is formed by what?

A

Truncus arteriosus

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6
Q

The artial dilation is separated by the septum primum in which week?

A

5th

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7
Q

What is the name for the hole that appears in the upper part of the septum primum?

A

ostium secundum

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8
Q

What is the 2nd artial septum located slightly right to the septum primum?

A

septum secundum

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9
Q

The Septum secundum is incomplete inferiorly and the remaining segement is known as what?

A

limbus of the fossa ovalis

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10
Q

The Truncus Arteriosus (distal end of heart tube) is divided into 2 separate tubes consisting of the aortic and pulmonary at which weeks?

A

7th-8th

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11
Q

What is the connection in the fetus that allows oxygenated blood to be shunted from the left pulmonary artery to the arch of the aorta?

A

ductus arteriosus

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12
Q

After birth the ductus arteriosus closes and becomes what structure?

A

ligamentum arteriosum

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13
Q

Which congenital anomaly is most commonly an ostium secundum defect?

A. Ventricular Septal Defect
B. Atrial Septal Defect
C. Fallots tetralogy
D. Persistent Ductus arteriosus

A

B. Atrial Septal Defect

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14
Q

Which congenital anomaly is the most common congential heart disease?

A. Ventricular Septal Defect
B. Atrial Septal Defect
C. Fallots tetralogy
D. Persistent Ductus arteriosus

A

A. Ventricular Septal Defect

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15
Q

Which congenital anomaly is the most common congential cyanotic heart disease?

A. Ventricular Septal Defect
B. Atrial Septal Defect
C. Fallots tetralogy
D. Persistent Ductus arteriosus

A

C. Fallots tetralogy

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16
Q

Does Fallots tetralogy deals with pulmonary stenosis and has a hypertrophic effect of which heart ventricle?

A

Right Ventricle hypertrophy

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17
Q

Cyanosis occurs in which type of shunts?
A. Left to right
B. RIght to left

A

Right to left

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18
Q

Persistent Ductus Arteriosus results from failure of the what structure to close after birth?

A

Ductus Arteriosus

  • do you remember what it is called if it does close after birth?
19
Q

There are 3 heart boarders: right, inferior and left. What features of the heart make up each border?

A

Right- right atrium
Inferior- right ventricle
Left- left ventricle and left auricle of left atrium

20
Q

The right atrium has origins from what two features?

A

Sinus venosus

True Atrium

21
Q

The smooth part of the right artrium is derived from which origin?

A

sinus venosus

*Smooth Sinus

22
Q

The rough part of the right artrium is derived from which origin?

A

True Atrium

*its TRUE, life can be ROUGH

23
Q

What type of muscle bundles does the rough part of the right artium have?

A

Pectinate muscle bundles

24
Q

The Smooth and rough parts of the right atrium are separated by a ridge called what?

A

Crista terminalis

25
Q

the superior and inferior vena cava bring blood to what part of the heart?

A

right atrium

26
Q

What % of myocardial venous blood drains into the heart via the coronary sinus?

A

60-70%

27
Q

Just above the the opening for the tricuspid valve lies the orifice of what sinus?

A

coronary sinus

28
Q

How many pulmonary vein openings carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

A

4 pulmonary veins

29
Q

Does the left atrium have smooth and rough parts like the right atrium?

A

You betcha

30
Q

What part of the heart has the moderator band present?

A

Right ventricle

31
Q

What part of the heart has several large fleshy trabeculae carneae and papillary muscles?

A

Right ventricle

32
Q

Within the Right ventricle the infundibulum is a smooth funnel shaped inlet to the opening of what valves?

A

Pulmonary Valves

33
Q

What part of the heart contains the thickest wall?

A

Left ventricle

*up to 3x thicker than right ventricle

34
Q

Does the left ventricle have papillary muscles and trabeculae carneae?

A

Yes, the papillary muscles are what help hold the trabeculae carneae

35
Q 
Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the right side in the 2nd intercostal space?
A. Aortic
B. Pulmonary
C. Tricuspid
D. Mitral
A

Aortic

*only one on the right

36
Q 
Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the left side in the 2nd intercostal space?
A. Aortic
B. Pulmonary
C. Tricuspid
D. Mitral
A

Pulmonary

37
Q 
Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the left side in the 4th intercostal space?
A. Aortic
B. Pulmonary
C. Tricuspid
D. Mitral
A

Tricuspid

38
Q 
Which Heart valve sound can be heard on the left side in the 5th intercostal space?
A. Aortic
B. Pulmonary
C. Tricuspid
D. Mitral
A

Mitral

39
Q 
Which Heart valve sound is found the farthest from the midline?
A. Aortic
B. Pulmonary
C. Tricuspid
D. Mitral
A

Mitral

*7-9cm left of midsternal line on the left side

40
Q

What is the heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle?

A

Tricuspid

41
Q

What is the heart valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?

A

Pulmonary (semilunar)

42
Q

What is the heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

A

Mitral

43
Q

What is the heart valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta?

A

Aortic

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