General Anatomy Chiro Essentials 6 Endocrine Anatomy

Question 1

Which endocrine gland is considered to be the MASTER endocrine gland?

A. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
C. Adrenal
D. Pituitary

Answer 1

Pituitary

Question 2

The pituitary gland lies in the sella turcica, which bone would that be a part of?

Answer 2

Sphenoid

Question 3

Rathke’s pouch is an anterior origin of the pituitary gland, it secretes 5 hormones, what are they? *

Answer 3

FSH- follicle stimulating
LH- luteinizing
ACTH- adenocortiotropic hormone
TSH- thyroid stimulating
PRL- prolactin
HG- human growth

Question 4

Of the 5 hormones secretes from Rathke’s pouch, which one would not be signaled for release by the hypothalamus?

Answer 4

Prolactin

*signaled by prolactin inhibiting factor- aka dopamine

Question 5

Which two of the following would you find stored in the posterior pituitary gland?

A. FSH
B. ADH
C. Oxytocin
D. GH

Answer 5

ADH and Oxytocin

Question 6

The Pitutary gland is supplied by which arteries?
A. External Carotid artery
B. Inferior thyroid artery
C. superior and inferior hypohyseal arteries
D. Superior thyroid artery

Answer 6

Superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries

*from the internal carotid artery

Question 7

Which endocrine gland is H shaped and linked by an isthmus?

Answer 7

Thyroid gland

Question 8

Which anatomical triangle does the thyroid gland lie in?

Answer 8

Anterior cervical triangle

Question 9

How much does the thyroid gland weigh?

Answer 9

~25grams

Question 10

The thyroid gland is supplied by which Arteries? *SIT

Answer 10

Superior Thyroid artery
Inferior Thyroid artery
Thyroidea Ima

Question 11

Which thyroid vein does not accompany an artery and travels alone?

Answer 11

inferior thyroid vein

Question 12

The superior laryngeal nerve innervates which muscle which is the only muscle that tenses the vocal cords
?

Answer 12

Cricothyroid muscle

Question 13

What do the parafollicular cells of the thyroid secrete what?

Answer 13

Calcitonin

Question 14

The cubodial cell-lined follicles of the thyroid secrete what from which T3 develops?

Answer 14

Thyroxine T4

Question 15

The inferior thyroid artery is closely related to what nerve that supplies the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?

Answer 15

Recurrent Laryngeal nerve

Question 16

The parathyroid glands are usually two pairs of glands, a superior and inferior pair, which pair would be derived from mesoderm in the 4th pharyngeal pouch? What about the 3rd pharyngeal pouch?

Answer 16

Superior Pair (4th)

Inferior Pair (3rd)

Question 17

The Parathyroid glands are supplied by what artery?

Answer 17

inferior thyroid artery

Question 18

What are the 2 types of cells present in parathyroid glands?

*COx

Answer 18

Chief cells

Oxyphils

Question 19

PTH is secreted by chief cells of the parathyroid glands, PTH does what to calcium in bone?

A. Take calcium out of the bone
B. Nothing
C. Pushes Calcium into the bone

Answer 19

Takes calcium out of the bone
*and into the bloodstream

**PTH helps raise blood calcium levels

Question 20

What gland is both an exocrine and endocrine gland?

Answer 20

Pancreas

Question 21

Beta cells of the pancrease secrete what?

Answer 21

Insulin (beta=insulin=bob the builder)

Question 22

Alpha cells of the pancrease secrete what?

Answer 22

Glucagon (alpha=glucagon=wreck it ralph)

Question 23

Delta cells of the pancrease secrete what?

Answer 23

Somatostatin

Question 24

What are the three types of cells from the islets of langerhans? *BAD

Answer 24

Beta
Alpha
Delta

Question 25

How many grams does the pancreas weight?

Answer 25

~90 grams

Question 26

``` Which of the following are parts of the pancreas? Pick all that apply A. Large head B. small uncinate process C. long tail D. Short neck E. Wide body ```

Answer 26

ALL OF THESE | ABCDE

Question 27

The head of the pancreas lies in what C-shaped gastrointestial section?

Answer 27

Duodenum

Question 28

The tail of the pancreas lies in the hilum of which internal organ?

Answer 28

Spleen

Question 29

Which duct would help to carry the exocrine juices of the neck, body and tail of the pancreas?

Answer 29

Main pancreatic duct

Question 30

The main pancreatic duct joins with the common bile duct to open into the ampulla of _______?

Answer 30

Ampulla of Vater

Question 31

Which pancreatic ducts drains the head of the pancreas?

Answer 31

Accessory Pancreatic duct

Question 32

The difference in draining of the head of the pancreas is because it is derived from the ventral pancreatic bud. The rest of the pancreas is derived from which bud?

Answer 32

posterior pancreatic bud

Question 33

What are the 3 arteries associated with supplying the pancreas? *SIG

Answer 33

Superior pancreaticoduodenal A Inferior pancreaticoduodenal A Great Pancreastic A

Question 34

The outer layer of the adrenal gland is also known as: A. Medulla B. Neuroectoderm C. Cortex

Answer 34

Cortex

Question 35

Which adrenal gland is semilunar and larger? | right or left?

Answer 35

Left *left=larger

Question 36

Which adrenal gland is Triangular and smaller? | right or left?

Answer 36

Right

Question 37

The inner layer of the adrenal gland is also known as: A. Medulla B. Cortex

Answer 37

Medulla *from the neuroectoderm

Question 38

The Cortex of the adrenal gland has 3 structural zones. What are they? *Salty, sweet, sex

Answer 38

Zona Glomerulosa- Mineralcorticoids- Salty Zona Fasciculata- Glucocorticoids- Sweet Zona Reticularis- Sex hormones- Sex *the deeper you go the sweeter the sex gets

Question 39

Does the medulla or cortex of the adrenal gland secrete norepi under sympathetic control?

Answer 39

Medulla

Question 40

The 3 arteries the supply the adrenal glands are? *SMI its easy

Answer 40

Superior Adrenal A Middle Adrenal A Inferior Adrenal A