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B1 > General Anatomy Chiro Essentials 6 Endocrine Anatomy > Flashcards

General Anatomy Chiro Essentials 6 Endocrine Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Which endocrine gland is considered to be the MASTER endocrine gland?

A. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
C. Adrenal
D. Pituitary

A

Pituitary

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2
Q

The pituitary gland lies in the sella turcica, which bone would that be a part of?

A

Sphenoid

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3
Q

Rathke’s pouch is an anterior origin of the pituitary gland, it secretes 5 hormones, what are they? *

A 
FSH- follicle stimulating
LH- luteinizing
ACTH- adenocortiotropic hormone
TSH- thyroid stimulating
PRL- prolactin
HG- human growth
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4
Q

Of the 5 hormones secretes from Rathke’s pouch, which one would not be signaled for release by the hypothalamus?

A

Prolactin

*signaled by prolactin inhibiting factor- aka dopamine

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5
Q

Which two of the following would you find stored in the posterior pituitary gland?

A. FSH
B. ADH
C. Oxytocin
D. GH

A

ADH and Oxytocin

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6
Q

The Pitutary gland is supplied by which arteries?
A. External Carotid artery
B. Inferior thyroid artery
C. superior and inferior hypohyseal arteries
D. Superior thyroid artery

A

Superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries

*from the internal carotid artery

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7
Q

Which endocrine gland is H shaped and linked by an isthmus?

A

Thyroid gland

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8
Q

Which anatomical triangle does the thyroid gland lie in?

A

Anterior cervical triangle

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9
Q

How much does the thyroid gland weigh?

A

~25grams

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10
Q

The thyroid gland is supplied by which Arteries? *SIT

A

Superior Thyroid artery
Inferior Thyroid artery
Thyroidea Ima

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11
Q

Which thyroid vein does not accompany an artery and travels alone?

A

inferior thyroid vein

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12
Q

The superior laryngeal nerve innervates which muscle which is the only muscle that tenses the vocal cords
?

A

Cricothyroid muscle

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13
Q

What do the parafollicular cells of the thyroid secrete what?

A

Calcitonin

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14
Q

The cubodial cell-lined follicles of the thyroid secrete what from which T3 develops?

A

Thyroxine T4

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15
Q

The inferior thyroid artery is closely related to what nerve that supplies the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?

A

Recurrent Laryngeal nerve

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16
Q

The parathyroid glands are usually two pairs of glands, a superior and inferior pair, which pair would be derived from mesoderm in the 4th pharyngeal pouch? What about the 3rd pharyngeal pouch?

A

Superior Pair (4th)

Inferior Pair (3rd)

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17
Q

The Parathyroid glands are supplied by what artery?

A

inferior thyroid artery

18
Q

What are the 2 types of cells present in parathyroid glands?

*COx

A

Chief cells

Oxyphils

19
Q

PTH is secreted by chief cells of the parathyroid glands, PTH does what to calcium in bone?

A. Take calcium out of the bone
B. Nothing
C. Pushes Calcium into the bone

A

Takes calcium out of the bone
*and into the bloodstream

**PTH helps raise blood calcium levels

20
Q

What gland is both an exocrine and endocrine gland?

A

Pancreas

21
Q

Beta cells of the pancrease secrete what?

A

Insulin (beta=insulin=bob the builder)

22
Q

Alpha cells of the pancrease secrete what?

A

Glucagon (alpha=glucagon=wreck it ralph)

23
Q

Delta cells of the pancrease secrete what?

A

Somatostatin

24
Q

What are the three types of cells from the islets of langerhans? *BAD

A

Beta
Alpha
Delta

25
Q

How many grams does the pancreas weight?

A

~90 grams

26
Q 
Which of the following are parts of the pancreas? Pick all that apply
A. Large head
B. small uncinate process
C. long tail
D. Short neck
E. Wide body
A

ALL OF THESE

ABCDE

27
Q

The head of the pancreas lies in what C-shaped gastrointestial section?

A

Duodenum

28
Q

The tail of the pancreas lies in the hilum of which internal organ?

A

Spleen

29
Q

Which duct would help to carry the exocrine juices of the neck, body and tail of the pancreas?

A

Main pancreatic duct

30
Q

The main pancreatic duct joins with the common bile duct to open into the ampulla of _______?

A

Ampulla of Vater

31
Q

Which pancreatic ducts drains the head of the pancreas?

A

Accessory Pancreatic duct

32
Q

The difference in draining of the head of the pancreas is because it is derived from the ventral pancreatic bud. The rest of the pancreas is derived from which bud?

A

posterior pancreatic bud

33
Q

What are the 3 arteries associated with supplying the pancreas? *SIG

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal A
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal A
Great Pancreastic A

34
Q

The outer layer of the adrenal gland is also known as:
A. Medulla
B. Neuroectoderm
C. Cortex

A

Cortex

35
Q

Which adrenal gland is semilunar and larger?

right or left?

A

Left

*left=larger

36
Q

Which adrenal gland is Triangular and smaller?

right or left?

A

Right

37
Q

The inner layer of the adrenal gland is also known as:
A. Medulla
B. Cortex

A

Medulla

*from the neuroectoderm

38
Q

The Cortex of the adrenal gland has 3 structural zones. What are they? *Salty, sweet, sex

A

Zona Glomerulosa- Mineralcorticoids- Salty
Zona Fasciculata- Glucocorticoids- Sweet
Zona Reticularis- Sex hormones- Sex

*the deeper you go the sweeter the sex gets

39
Q

Does the medulla or cortex of the adrenal gland secrete norepi under sympathetic control?

A

Medulla

40
Q

The 3 arteries the supply the adrenal glands are? *SMI its easy

A

Superior Adrenal A
Middle Adrenal A
Inferior Adrenal A

B1 (17 decks)

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