Gross Anatomy #1 Flashcards by Weston Squires

Which plane would you find the lumbar facets?

A. Coronal

B. Sagittal

C. Transverse

D. Frontal

Sagittal
(limit rotation, and allow flexion and extension)

** C2-T12= coronal

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The vertebral artery enters the transverse foramen at which cervical level?

A. C6

B. C7

C. C3

D. T2

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What is the correct shape of the tracheal cartilage rings?

A. C shaped; open at posterior aspect

B. C shaped; open at anterior aspect

C. Round and rigid; closed posteriorly

D. Round and flexible; closed posteriorly

C shaped, open at the posterior aspect

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The apex of the lung is located:

A. At rib #3

B. Above the 1st rib

C. At the 1st intercostal space

D. Below the 1st rib

Above the first rib

the apex on the lung is located superiorly
the apex aka name= cupola

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Where is the carotid tubercle located?

A. C1

B. C2

C. C6

D. C7

*Cricoid cartilage is also found at C6

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In which part of the spine are the accessory processes located?

A. Cervicals

B. Thoracics

C. Lumbars

D. Sacrum

Lumbars

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The umbilicus is part of which dermatome?

A. T9

B. T10

C. T11

D. T12

T10

Nipples=T4
Xyphoid=T7

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Which of the following makes up the superior 2/5 of acetabular fossa?

A. Pubis

B. Ischium

C. Femur

D. Ilium

Ilium

pubis= anterior superior 1/5
Ischium= fossa floor & posterior 2/5

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Where is the horizontal transpyloric plane located?

A. T3

B. T7

C. T9

D. T11

T11

*transpyloric means kidney

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What is directly distal to the coronoid fossa on the humerus?

A. Olecranon fossa

B. Capitium

C. Trochlea

D. Olecranon process

Trochlea

Olecranon fossa= posterior humerus
Capitium= later and inferior coronoid fossa
Olecranon process= on ulna

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Which carpal bone has the most articulations?

A. Lunate

B. Capitate

C. Scaphoid

D. Hamate

Capitate

“some lovers try positions, that they cant handle”

Clinical

Lunate entraps the Median N
Hamate entraps Ulnar N

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The epithelial later of the cornea and the lens are both derived from:

A. Ectoderm

B. Endoderm

C. Mesoderm

D. Sixth pharyngeal pouch

Ectoderm

nerve + Skin= ectoderm
Lungs + GI= Endoderm
every other tissue= mesoderm

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Which of the following best describes a “dermatome?”

A. A segmental band of dermis supplied by a motor spinal nerve

B. A segmental band of dermis supplied by a sensory spinal nerve

C. A segmental band of muscle supplied by a motor spinal nerve

D. A segmental band of muscle supplied by a sensory spinal nerve

A segmental band of DERMIS supplied by a SENSORY spinal nerve

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On which bone is the trochlear notch?

A. Femur

B. Temporal

C. Ulna

D. Tibia

Ulna

*Articulates with the Humerus

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The conoid process is located on:

A. Radius

B. Scapula

C. Clavicle

D. Ulna

Clavicle= Conoid

CoroNoid= ulNa
CoroCoid= sCapula

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The most commonly fractured carpal bone is the:

A. Lunate

B. Scaphoid

C. Pisiform

D. Triquetrum

Scaphoid

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The groove for the radial nerve is located on the:

A. Posterior humerus

B. Posterior radius

C. Posterior scaphoid

D. Medial ulna

Posterior Humerus

*Entrapment of the Radial nerve in the spiral groove of the Humerus causes: “crutch palsy” or “Saturday night palsy.”

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On which tubercle is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle?

A. Trapezoid

B. Infraglenoid

C. Conoid

D. Supraglenoid

Infraglenoid tubercle

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The soleal line is on:

A. Tibia

B. Fibula

C. Femur

D. Humerus

Tibia

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The trochanteric fossa is located on the:

A. Greater trochanter

B. Lesser trochanter

C. Intertrochanteric line

D. Intertrochanteric crest

Greater Trochanter

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The sustentaculum tali is located on which bone?

A. Talus

B. Navicular

C. Calcaneus

D. Tibia

Calcaneus

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On which bone is the lesser sciatic notch located?

A. Pelvis

B. Ilium

C. Ischium

D. Sacrum

Ischium

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Development of the upper limb, beginning with the appearance of the limb bud and ending with the separation of the digits occurs _____ days after fertilization?

A. 14-21

B. 26-52

C. 60-90

D. 120-160

26-52

*26x2= 52

Which structure has a primary ossification center that appears after birth?

A. Clavicle

B. Scapula

C. Humerus

D. Scaphoid

Clavicle

The primary ossification centers develop from the: A. Metaphysis B. Epiphysis C. Diaphysis D. Epiphyseal plate

Diaphysis | SHAFT

What is the primary purpose of the epiphyseal plate? A. Longitudinal growth B. Resistance to compression C. Circumferential growth D. Ligamentous attachment

Longtidunal growth * this is why ppl midgets are short

_______bone develops from membranous bone formation: A. Parietal B. Hyoid C. Scaphoid D. Radius

Parietal

Which reabsorbs bone matrix? A. Osteocyte B. Osteogenic cells C. Osteoblasts D. Osteoclasts

Osteoclast * Clasts=resorb * Blasts=Build or create **Pagets disease= caused by increased Osteoclast activity

The tensile strength of bone comes from : A. Minerals B. Amorphous ground substance C. Collagen fibers D. Elastic fibers

Collagen Fibers

Mineralization of the bone matrix occurs with which of the following activities? A. Osteogenic B. Osteoblastic C. Osteoclastic D. Fibroblastic

osteoblastic *mineralization=buliding

Which of the following produces osteoid? A. Osteocyte B. Osteoclast C. Osteoid D. Osteoblast

Osteoblast

What separates the Haversian systems found in bone? A. Interstitial lamellae B. Volkmann’s canals C. Bony trabeculae D. Canaliculi

Interstital lamellae

What is the action of a trochoid joint? A. Abduction/adduction B. Flexion/extension C. Rotation D. Supination/pronation

rotation * C1/C2 and proximal radioulnar joints are examples * trochoid aka pivot

A fibrous joint is classified as: A. Synchondrosis B. Syndesmosis C. Synostosis D. Ginglymus

Syndesmosis *sutures, gomphosis, syndesmoses

Which is an immoveable joint? A. Arthrodial B. Synarthrodial C. Amphiarthrodial D. Diarthrosis

Synarthrodial

What joint is responsible for circumduction? A. Ginglymus B. Ellipsoid C. Trochoid D. Spheroid

Spheroid aka Ball & Socket

The epiphyseal plate is classified as a _____ joint. A. Synchondrosis B. Syndesmosis C. Symphysis D. Synovial

Synchondrosis

The articulation of the tooth with the jaw is classified as a _____ joint: A. Suture B. Schindylesis C. Syndesmosis D. Gomphosis

Gomphosis "hold your teeth with your GOMS" *syndesmosis is the classification is not as specific for the teeth

With which structure does the head of the fibula articulate? A. Tibia B. Fibula C. Patella D. Cuboid

Tibia

Which joint has an articular disc which completely divides the joint into two cavities? A. Knee B. Acromioclavicular C. Radiocarpal D. Temporomandibula

Temporomandibula

What articulates with the sternal angle? A. Scapula B. First rib C. Clavicle D. Second rib

Second rib *aka sternal angle of Louis where the sternum and manubrium meet

The acetabular labrum is made up of: A. Bone B. Fibrocartilage C. Elastic cartilage D. Hyaline cartilage

Fibrocartilage

The primary joint of the ankle is: A. Calcaneocuboid B. Talocrural C. Talocalcaneal D. Cuneonavicular

Talocrural

The _____ and _____ bones are connected by the spring ligament: A. Talus and cuboid B. Calcaneus and talus C. Navicular and cuboid D. Calcaneus and navicular

Calcaneus and Navicular "the heel and the boat take sea in the spring"

What type of movement is in the wrist? A. Gliding B. Pivot C. Circumflex D. Hinge

Circumflex

Movement of an ellipsoid joint would occur in how many axes? A. One B. Two C. Three D. More than three

The femoral head is directed medially ____ and ____: A. Superiorally; anteriorally B. Inferiorally; anteriorally C. Superiorally; posteriorally D. Inferiorally; posteriorally

Superiorally, anteriorally

The subtalar joint allows the foot to perform which movements? A. Flexion and extension B. Inversion and eversion C. Inversion and external rotation D. Internal and external rotation

Inversion and Eversion *most common ankle sprain is via forceful inversion

Flexion of the head occurs primarily at: A. C4-C5 B. C1-C2 C. C2-C3 D. Occiput-C1

Occiput - C1 *Ellipsoidal/condylar joint

The distal part of the triceps brachii is on the: A. Tuberosity of the ulna B. Trochlea C. Decranon D. Coronoid process

Decranon

The pisiform bone lies within the tendon of which muscle? A. Flexor digitorum superficialis B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Flexor digitorum profundus D. Flexor pollicus longus

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Which muscle would be most affected if there was damage to the ventral ramus of the C5 nerve? A. Serratus anterior B. Rhomboids C. Deltoids D. Extensor carpi ulnaris

Deltoids *remember your dermatomes

Which nerve innervates the muscle of the hypothenar eminence? A. Radial B. Medial C. Ulnar D. Musculocutaneous

Ulnar (hypothenar) **Median nerve innervates thenar eminence muscles

Which structure passes lateral to the antecubital fossa? A. Median nerve B. Radial artery C. Radial nerve D. Ulnar nerve

Radian Nerve *Radial nerve innervates extension of the phalanges, wrist and elbow, and is entrapped in the base of the snuff box.

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus muscle? A. Subscapular B. Radial C. Axillary D. Suprascapular

Suprascapular * Subscapular= teres major * Radial= Extensors * Axillary= Deltoid & teres minor