Gross Anatomy #1 Flashcards
Which plane would you find the lumbar facets?
A. Coronal
B. Sagittal
C. Transverse
D. Frontal
Sagittal
(limit rotation, and allow flexion and extension)
** C2-T12= coronal
The vertebral artery enters the transverse foramen at which cervical level?
A. C6
B. C7
C. C3
D. T2
C6
What is the correct shape of the tracheal cartilage rings?
A. C shaped; open at posterior aspect
B. C shaped; open at anterior aspect
C. Round and rigid; closed posteriorly
D. Round and flexible; closed posteriorly
C shaped, open at the posterior aspect
The apex of the lung is located:
A. At rib #3
B. Above the 1st rib
C. At the 1st intercostal space
D. Below the 1st rib
Above the first rib
- the apex on the lung is located superiorly
- the apex aka name= cupola
Where is the carotid tubercle located?
A. C1
B. C2
C. C6
D. C7
C6
*Cricoid cartilage is also found at C6
In which part of the spine are the accessory processes located?
A. Cervicals
B. Thoracics
C. Lumbars
D. Sacrum
Lumbars
The umbilicus is part of which dermatome?
A. T9
B. T10
C. T11
D. T12
T10
- Nipples=T4
- Xyphoid=T7
Which of the following makes up the superior 2/5 of acetabular fossa?
A. Pubis
B. Ischium
C. Femur
D. Ilium
Ilium
- pubis= anterior superior 1/5
- Ischium= fossa floor & posterior 2/5
Where is the horizontal transpyloric plane located?
A. T3
B. T7
C. T9
D. T11
T11
*transpyloric means kidney
What is directly distal to the coronoid fossa on the humerus?
A. Olecranon fossa
B. Capitium
C. Trochlea
D. Olecranon process
Trochlea
- Olecranon fossa= posterior humerus
- Capitium= later and inferior coronoid fossa
- Olecranon process= on ulna
Which carpal bone has the most articulations?
A. Lunate
B. Capitate
C. Scaphoid
D. Hamate
Capitate
“some lovers try positions, that they cant handle”
Clinical
- Lunate entraps the Median N
- Hamate entraps Ulnar N
The epithelial later of the cornea and the lens are both derived from:
A. Ectoderm
B. Endoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Sixth pharyngeal pouch
Ectoderm
- nerve + Skin= ectoderm
- Lungs + GI= Endoderm
- every other tissue= mesoderm
Which of the following best describes a “dermatome?”
A. A segmental band of dermis supplied by a motor spinal nerve
B. A segmental band of dermis supplied by a sensory spinal nerve
C. A segmental band of muscle supplied by a motor spinal nerve
D. A segmental band of muscle supplied by a sensory spinal nerve
A segmental band of DERMIS supplied by a SENSORY spinal nerve
On which bone is the trochlear notch?
A. Femur
B. Temporal
C. Ulna
D. Tibia
Ulna
*Articulates with the Humerus
The conoid process is located on:
A. Radius
B. Scapula
C. Clavicle
D. Ulna
Clavicle= Conoid
- CoroNoid= ulNa
- CoroCoid= sCapula
The most commonly fractured carpal bone is the:
A. Lunate
B. Scaphoid
C. Pisiform
D. Triquetrum
Scaphoid
The groove for the radial nerve is located on the:
A. Posterior humerus
B. Posterior radius
C. Posterior scaphoid
D. Medial ulna
Posterior Humerus
*Entrapment of the Radial nerve in the spiral groove of the Humerus causes: “crutch palsy” or “Saturday night palsy.”
On which tubercle is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle?
A. Trapezoid
B. Infraglenoid
C. Conoid
D. Supraglenoid
Infraglenoid tubercle
The soleal line is on:
A. Tibia
B. Fibula
C. Femur
D. Humerus
Tibia
The trochanteric fossa is located on the:
A. Greater trochanter
B. Lesser trochanter
C. Intertrochanteric line
D. Intertrochanteric crest
Greater Trochanter
The sustentaculum tali is located on which bone?
A. Talus
B. Navicular
C. Calcaneus
D. Tibia
Calcaneus
On which bone is the lesser sciatic notch located?
A. Pelvis
B. Ilium
C. Ischium
D. Sacrum
Ischium
Development of the upper limb, beginning with the appearance of the limb bud and ending with the separation of the digits occurs _____ days after fertilization?
A. 14-21
B. 26-52
C. 60-90
D. 120-160
26-52
*26x2= 52
Which structure has a primary ossification center that appears after birth?
A. Clavicle
B. Scapula
C. Humerus
D. Scaphoid
Clavicle
The primary ossification centers develop from the:
A. Metaphysis
B. Epiphysis
C. Diaphysis
D. Epiphyseal plate
Diaphysis
SHAFT
What is the primary purpose of the epiphyseal plate?
A. Longitudinal growth
B. Resistance to compression
C. Circumferential growth
D. Ligamentous attachment
Longtidunal growth
- this is why ppl midgets are short
_______bone develops from membranous bone formation:
A. Parietal
B. Hyoid
C. Scaphoid
D. Radius
Parietal
Which reabsorbs bone matrix?
A. Osteocyte
B. Osteogenic cells
C. Osteoblasts
D. Osteoclasts
Osteoclast
- Clasts=resorb
- Blasts=Build or create
**Pagets disease= caused by increased Osteoclast activity
The tensile strength of bone comes from :
A. Minerals
B. Amorphous ground substance
C. Collagen fibers
D. Elastic fibers
Collagen Fibers
Mineralization of the bone matrix occurs with which of the following activities?
A. Osteogenic
B. Osteoblastic
C. Osteoclastic
D. Fibroblastic
osteoblastic
*mineralization=buliding
Which of the following produces osteoid?
A. Osteocyte
B. Osteoclast
C. Osteoid
D. Osteoblast
Osteoblast
What separates the Haversian systems found in bone?
A. Interstitial lamellae
B. Volkmann’s canals
C. Bony trabeculae
D. Canaliculi
Interstital lamellae
What is the action of a trochoid joint?
A. Abduction/adduction
B. Flexion/extension
C. Rotation
D. Supination/pronation
rotation
- C1/C2 and proximal radioulnar joints are examples
- trochoid aka pivot
A fibrous joint is classified as:
A. Synchondrosis
B. Syndesmosis
C. Synostosis
D. Ginglymus
Syndesmosis
*sutures, gomphosis, syndesmoses
Which is an immoveable joint?
A. Arthrodial
B. Synarthrodial
C. Amphiarthrodial
D. Diarthrosis
Synarthrodial
What joint is responsible for circumduction?
A. Ginglymus
B. Ellipsoid
C. Trochoid
D. Spheroid
Spheroid
aka Ball & Socket
The epiphyseal plate is classified as a _____ joint.
A. Synchondrosis
B. Syndesmosis
C. Symphysis
D. Synovial
Synchondrosis
The articulation of the tooth with the jaw is classified as a _____ joint:
A. Suture
B. Schindylesis
C. Syndesmosis
D. Gomphosis
Gomphosis
“hold your teeth with your GOMS”
*syndesmosis is the classification is not as specific for the teeth
With which structure does the head of the fibula articulate?
A. Tibia
B. Fibula
C. Patella
D. Cuboid
Tibia
Which joint has an articular disc which completely divides the joint into two cavities?
A. Knee
B. Acromioclavicular
C. Radiocarpal
D. Temporomandibula
Temporomandibula
What articulates with the sternal angle?
A. Scapula
B. First rib
C. Clavicle
D. Second rib
Second rib
*aka sternal angle of Louis
where the sternum and manubrium meet
The acetabular labrum is made up of:
A. Bone
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Elastic cartilage
D. Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
The primary joint of the ankle is:
A. Calcaneocuboid
B. Talocrural
C. Talocalcaneal
D. Cuneonavicular
Talocrural
The _____ and _____ bones are connected by the spring ligament:
A. Talus and cuboid
B. Calcaneus and talus
C. Navicular and cuboid
D. Calcaneus and navicular
Calcaneus and Navicular
“the heel and the boat take sea in the spring”
What type of movement is in the wrist?
A. Gliding
B. Pivot
C. Circumflex
D. Hinge
Circumflex
Movement of an ellipsoid joint would occur in how many axes?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. More than three
2
The femoral head is directed medially ____ and ____:
A. Superiorally; anteriorally
B. Inferiorally; anteriorally
C. Superiorally; posteriorally
D. Inferiorally; posteriorally
Superiorally, anteriorally
The subtalar joint allows the foot to perform which movements?
A. Flexion and extension
B. Inversion and eversion
C. Inversion and external rotation
D. Internal and external rotation
Inversion and Eversion
*most common ankle sprain is via forceful inversion
Flexion of the head occurs primarily at:
A. C4-C5
B. C1-C2
C. C2-C3
D. Occiput-C1
Occiput - C1
*Ellipsoidal/condylar joint
The distal part of the triceps brachii is on the:
A. Tuberosity of the ulna
B. Trochlea
C. Decranon
D. Coronoid process
Decranon
The pisiform bone lies within the tendon of which muscle?
A. Flexor digitorum superficialis
B. Flexor carpi ulnaris
C. Flexor digitorum profundus
D. Flexor pollicus longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Which muscle would be most affected if there was damage to the ventral ramus of the C5 nerve?
A. Serratus anterior
B. Rhomboids
C. Deltoids
D. Extensor carpi ulnaris
Deltoids
*remember your dermatomes
Which nerve innervates the muscle of the hypothenar eminence?
A. Radial
B. Medial
C. Ulnar
D. Musculocutaneous
Ulnar (hypothenar)
**Median nerve innervates thenar eminence muscles
Which structure passes lateral to the antecubital fossa?
A. Median nerve
B. Radial artery
C. Radial nerve
D. Ulnar nerve
Radian Nerve
*Radial nerve innervates extension of the phalanges, wrist and elbow, and is entrapped in the base of the snuff box.
What nerve innervates the supraspinatus muscle?
A. Subscapular
B. Radial
C. Axillary
D. Suprascapular
Suprascapular
- Subscapular= teres major
- Radial= Extensors
- Axillary= Deltoid & teres minor
