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Greece Flashcards

1
Q

Retsina wine facts

A

An aromatized wine flavored with Aleppo pine resin

Produced from Savvatiano grapes, flavored with the addition of pine resin, Roditis as well

It cannot be labeled with a vintage

A traditional appellation protected by the EU (as a PGI), and rarely encountered outside of Greece

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2
Q

The two largest producers of Greece

A

Boutari and Tsantali

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3
Q

What year was most of Greece’s appellations established?

A

1971

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4
Q

What are the two levels of PDO quality wine?

A

Controlled Appellation of Origin - A status reserved for traditional sweet wines

Appellation of Superior Quality

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5
Q

PDO wines may carry an aging designation such as

A

“Reserve” for whites - A minimum 1 year aging with at least 6 months in barrel and 3 months in bottle.

“ Reserve” for reds - A minimum of 2 years aging with at least 1 year in barrel and 6 months in bottle

“Grand Reserve” for whites - A minimum 2 years aging with 1 year in barrel and 6 months in bottle

“Grand Reserve” for reds - A minimum 4 years of aging with at least 18 months in barrel and 18 months in bottle

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6
Q

What is Verdea?

A

An oxidative white wine produced on the island of Zakynthos in the Ionian Sea

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7
Q

What does the term “Cava” indicate?

A

At least 1 year of aging for white and rose PGI wines including 6 months in oak prior to bottling.

A minimum of 3 years of aging for reds including a minimum 1 year in barrel prior to bottling

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8
Q

“Palaiomenos se vareli” may be added to the label of Cava, Reserve, or Grand Reserve wines to indicate what?

A

Oak aging beyond the required minimums

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9
Q

The PDO regions of Macedonia include

A

Amynteo PDO

Goumenissa PDO

Naoussa PDO

Slopes of Meliton PDO

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10
Q

Xinomavro

A

A firmly tannic red grape (“acid black”)

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11
Q

Naoussa PDO

A

Established in 1971, home to Boutari

Produces tannic reds solely from Xinomavro

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12
Q

Amynteo PDO

A

Greece’s coolest region and one of the few PDOs allowing production of rose wines. Roses may be dry to semisweet, and still or sparkling

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13
Q

Goumenissa PDO

A

Produces lighter Xinomavro wines with the addition of at least 20% Negoska

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14
Q

Slopes of Meliton PDO

A

(Plagies Melitona) is a single appellation for Domaine Carras, an ambitious Greek estate

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15
Q

Red and White varietals from Domaine Carras estate

A

Reds are blends of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and the native Limnio

Whites are blends of the Greek varietals Assyrtiko, Athiri, and Rhoditis

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16
Q

Evangelos Gerovassiliou

A

The winemaker who launched Domaine Carras under the guidance of Émile Peynaud

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17
Q

The native white Malagousia grape

A

Evangelos Gerovassiliou helped revive the grape and now produces it at his own domaine in the PGI district of Thessaloniki in northern Macedonia

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18
Q

The PDOs of Thessalia

A

Anchialos PDO

Messenikola PDO

Rapsani PDO

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19
Q

Rapsani PDO

A

The appellation is the southernmost outpost of the Xinomavro grape

Tannins and acid structure are softened by the warmer climate and mandatory blending with the lighter Krassato and Stavroto grapes

20
Q

Messenikola PDO

A

Produces red wines in similar style to Rapsani

21
Q

Anchialos PDO

A

Only allows white wine blended from Roditis and Savvatiano grapes

22
Q

The region of Epirus contains only one PDO. What is it?

A

Zista

Dry, semisweet, and sparkling wines are produced from the Debina grape

23
Q

Central Greece or Sterea Ellada

A

The region of Attiki is the center of production for the Retsina grape here

24
Q

The PDOs of Peloponnese

A

Nemea PDO

Mantinia PDO

Patras PDO

Monemvasia-Malvasia PDO

25
Q

Nemea PDO

A

Produced exclusively from the Agiorgitiko (St. George) grape. A softly tannic, intensely fruity black grape

The commume of Koutsi is one of the most famous subzones

“Blood of Hercules” (or “blood of the lion”) is sometimes attached to the wines of Nemea

26
Q

Mantinia PDO

A

Moschofilero is the principal component, an aromatic resemblance to Muscat

27
Q

Patras PDO

A

An appellation for dry white wines produced from 100% Roditis

28
Q

The three dessert wine PDO zones of Patras

A

Muscat of Patras

Muscat of Rio Patras

Mavrodaphne of Patras

29
Q

Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Rio Patras

A

May be either vin doux naturel or naturally sweet in style

Produced from Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains

30
Q

Mavrodaphne (“black laurel”) of Patras

A

A sweet fortified red produced from Mavrodaphne and Mavri Korinthiaki

Aged at least 1 year in wood prior to release and sometimes aged in cask for a decade or more prior to bottling

Both vintage and nonvintage versions may be encountered

31
Q

The estate of Achaia-Clauss

A

Has a Mavrodaphne Solera dating to 1882

32
Q

Monemvassia-Malvasia PDO

A

Did not come on the market until 2012, a small zone on the southeastern coast of the Peloponnese

Monemvassia is the name of the grape used and also the name of an old port town

The wines must be aged in an oxidative environment for at least two years

33
Q

The four wine-producing Ionian Islands of the west coast of Greece

A

Cephalonia

Kerkyra (Corfu)

Lefkada

Zakynthos

34
Q

Cephalonia

A

The only Ionian Island to warrant a PDO for dry white wines produced from Robola

PDO sweet wines are also produced from Mavrodaphne and Muscat

35
Q

Zakynthos

A

The home to Verdea Traditional Appellation Wines

Produced from obscure grapes like Skiadopoulo, Pavlos, and Avgoustiatis may share similarities to Jura’s vin juane and Sherry

36
Q

Aegean Islands

A

Santorini PDO

Paros PDO

Rhodes PDO

Limnos PDO

Samos PDO

Muscat of Rhodes PDO

Muscat of Lemnos PDO

Malvasia Paros PDO

37
Q

Santorini PDO (Cyclades Islands)

A

Whites from Assyrtiko, plus Athiri and Aidani

Volcanic soils

The vines must be trained close to the ground, in the stefani shape of baskets or wreaths in order to protect them from the fierce Aegean winds and to collect the little moisture that becomes available as morning dew.

Vinsanto - A sweet dried grape wine

38
Q

Paros PDO (Cyclades Islands)

A

White from 100% Monemvassia

Reds: Mandilaria

The only Greek appellation that mandates use of a white grape (Monemvassia) in red blends

39
Q

Rhodes PDO

A

White: minimum 70% Athiri

Red/Rose: minimum 70% Mandilaria

Muscat of Rhodes PDO wines are rarely encountered

40
Q

Limnos PDO

A

Whites: Dominated by Muscat, May be dry or sweet

Dry Red: Limnio, ancient red grape utilized by Domaine Carras originated on Lemnos

41
Q

Samos PDO

A

Home to one of the nations most famous wines: The famed Muscat of Samos, now a PDO

Authorized Variety: Moschato Aspro (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains)

Styles:

vin de liqueur

vin doux naturel

naturally sweet - Called Samos Nectar, similar to vin de paille. Produced from dried grapes and aged a minimum of three years prior to release

42
Q

PDO regions of Crete

A

Sitia PDO

Peza PDO

Daphnes PDO

Archanes PDO

Candia PDO

Malvasia Candia PDO

Malvasia Sitia PDO

43
Q

The Vilana grape

A

Crete’s most cultivated white grape

Comprising the majority of dry white Sitia wines and Peza whites

44
Q

The Liatiko grape

A

The dominant grape in the red Sitia and Daphnes PDO wines is found only on Crete and a handful of neighboring islands

Delivers distinctively “orange” wine

45
Q

The grapes Mandilaria blended with Kotsifali

A

Produces the Archanes and red Peza wines

46
Q

On Crete, many winemakers are more excited to blend Kotsifali with what other varietal other than Mandilaria.

A

Syrah

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