Gorbachev's New Thinking Flashcards
What were the two new ideologies Gorbachev put in
Glasnost and Perestroika in 1985 -1991
What was Perestroika
.The restructuring of the political economy of the Soviet Union
. It included some of the practices that made capitalism succesful
What was Glasnost
It was the belief that there should be more openness and less corruption in goverment.
People were allowed to oppose the goverment and it gave people a clearer understanding of how the country was run
What doctrine would now be dropped in Gorbachev’s new Soviet Union
The Brezhnev Doctrine -
the soviet leader Brezhnev due to him being worried that Czechoslovakia may be lost
declared that the USSR would not allow the countries of Eastern Europe to reject communism or leave the Warsaw Pact ‘even if it meant a third World War’
What country did Gorbachev withdraw from
Afghanistan - 1989
What did the Bhrezhnev Doctrine being dropped mean for the satellite states
They were now free to choose how they want to be governed without fear of being invaded such as in Hungary and Czechoslovakia
What happened after the Brehzen doctrine reforms from Gorbachev
They backfired and in him giving the satellite states freedom they all left the Warsaw Pact one by one
Why did Gorbachev need new thinking
Economic Problems:
The costs of the arms race with the USA were unsustainable
Political Stagnation:
The Communist Party was corrupt and resistant to change.
Citizens had little political freedom, leading to growing dissatisfaction.
Relations with the West:
Tense Cold War relations and the risk of nuclear conflict required a fresh diplomatic approach.
Crisis in the Soviet Bloc:
Eastern European countries were demanding reforms and greater independence from Soviet control.
Rising nationalism threatened to destabilize the Soviet Union.
War in Afghanistan:
The Soviet-Afghan War (1979–1989) was costly and unpopular, weakening the Soviet military and economy.
How did relations improve after gorbachev’s new thinking
Economic Problems:
The costs of the arms race with the USA were unsustainable
Political Stagnation:
The Communist Party was corrupt and resistant to change.
Citizens had little political freedom, leading to growing dissatisfaction.
Relations with the West:
Tense Cold War relations and the risk of nuclear conflict required a fresh diplomatic approach.
Crisis in the Soviet Bloc:
Eastern European countries were demanding reforms and greater independence from Soviet control.
Rising nationalism threatened to destabilize the Soviet Union.
War in Afghanistan:
The Soviet-Afghan War (1979–1989) was costly and unpopular, weakening the Soviet military and economy.
What happened at the 1985 Geneva Summit
Discussed reduction of nuclear weapons, including Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
Both sides agreed to resume arms control negotiations
Joint commitment to improve U.S.–Soviet relations
No formal agreements signed, but set the stage for future summits
When was the geneva summit meeting
November 19–20, 1985
When was the Reykjavik Meeting and what happened
It was in 1986
When was the Washington meeting and what happened
It was in 1987 and The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force Treaty was signed
What was the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force treaty
Treaty commited to both sides getting rid of all medium range missiles from europe within three years,The first treaty to reduce the number of nuclear weapons
When was the Brezhnev doctrine made
1968
What happened in the Reykjavik Meeting
It was between President Ronald Reagan and Gorbachev and aimed to reduce Cold War tensions and discuss nuclear disarmament
Both leaders considered drastic cuts in nuclear weapons.
Gorbachev proposed eliminating all nuclear weapons over a 10-year period.
The leaders couldn’t come to an agreement on the SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative) though which led the summit to collapse without an agreement
What did the Reykjavik Meeting lead to
led to the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty.
